Guzmania: yanayin kula da gida mai kyau na wurare masu zafi

Haɓaka tsire-tsire masu tsalle a kan windowsill ɗinku yana ƙara zama babban aiki a tsakanin lambu. Kuma irin wannan kyakkyawa kamar guzmania gaba xayan girman matan gida ne. Abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba na tsirrai suna kama ido. Kula da shi ba zai zama da wahala ba, saboda haka ana iya girma fure a gida ba tare da wata matsala ba. Zai yi ado da kowane ciki, ba coziness da kyan gani na musamman zuwa gidanka ko ofis.

Bayani da hoto na guzmania

Guzmania (ko kuma gusmania - sunaye biyu daidai ne) bako ne daga gandun daji. Tana zaune a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Guzmania daga asalin halittar Bromeliad, ya kasance na tsire-tsire masu tsufa (ba ya girma a cikin ƙasa), yana zaune a kan tsaunin tuddai, bishiyoyi da haushi daga bishiyoyin da suka mutu. Tushen furen fure ne na sama amma mai ƙarfi. Guzmania yana tattara danshi daga yanayin waje.

Gusmania - tsire-tsire mai matukar kyau

Ganyayyaki suna da elongated, lanceolate, kore, na iya zama tare da ratsi ko madauwami mai tsayi, samar da mafita mai yawa wanda guzmania ke tattara ruwan sama. Bract (da yawa suna rikitar da shi da ainihin fure) ana fenti kullun cikin launi mai haske don jawo hankalin kwari: furanni a guzmania ƙanana ne, marasa ganuwa. Itace tana haɓaka irin wannan dabarar na ƙarni, in ba haka ba za'a iya yiwa dangi barazanar rushewa saboda matsaloli tare da haifar iri. Wasu nau'in guzmania suna da furanni masu rufewa, wanda a cikin sa yake yin pollination daban-daban saboda kusancin kusancin mutane da kwaro. Itatuwan yayi fure na kimanin sati goma sha bakwai, sannan ya mutu. Koyaya, kada ku firgita, kawai kuna buƙatar kulawa da haihuwa a gaba.

Firstabilar ɗan asalin masanin ƙasar Spain ta bayyana shi - ɗan bincike Anastasio Guzman ne a cikin 1802. Sunan mai suna mai suna gusmania (guzmania ta fassarar Latin).

Guzmania bako ne maraba da kyau a duk windows, saboda yana tsabtace iska kuma yana taimakawa haɓaka yanayi. An ce wannan fure alama ce ta ikon namiji, kuma yana ba da ingantaccen kuzari.

Duk da asalinsa, guzmania yana da ma'ana sosai a cikin kulawa kuma baya haifar da matsala da yawa har ma ga masu jan ragamar novice. Babban abu a gareta shine isasshen adadin danshi da haske mai haske.

Shahararrun nau'ikan nau'ikan furero

• Guzmania a yau tana da nau'o'in halittu sama da ɗari. Koyaya, varietiesan iri ne kawai ake girma a gida.
• Tempo. Wannan ra'ayi yana jan hankali da bambancinsa: a bango mai taushi, ganyen ganye mai haske, kyandar ja mai haske tana ficewa da kyau. Ganyayyaki suna da elongated, m, da soket ne mai yawa. Tsawonsa ya kai kimanin 35 cm.
• Ostara. Wannan matasan ne. Yana da kunkuntar ganye masu duhu. Abincin yana da tsayi, a kanta akwai bracts masu launin shuɗi, fararen furanni sun bayyana kaɗan bayan haka, Fade da sauri. Rashin daidaituwa wajen barin. Yadu ko'ina tsakanin lambu.
• Reeda. Wataƙila mafi shahararrun jinsunan tsakanin guzmania. Rosette mai tarin yawa ce, ganye suna da fadi, tsinkaye mai haske, daga mulufi zuwa rawaya. Furanni ƙananan, masu launin-cream, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin inflorescences-spikelet, basu yi fure ba na dogon lokaci. Reed guzmania yana da nau'ikan iri: launin shunayya, mai wuta, ƙarami, matsakaici, talakawa.
• Orarami - Rondo. Kyakkyawan ƙaramin tsire-tsire, ganye mai ganye, kafaɗar kafa, ja, ƙarami, furen furanni, a cikin adadi mai yawa, an tattara su cikin inflorescences. Flow ya fara a watan Fabrairu.
• Kirkira. Wannan shine ɗayan kyawawan nau'in gusmania. Rosette ya kasance mai sako-sako, an tattara shi daga kunkuntar ganye na koren launi mai haske, kararra ta tashi, ganyayen sa suna fuskantar sama, suna da launi ja mai haske.
• Jini ja. Wani fasali na wannan nau'in shine ainihin tsakiyar fita yana da launin ja mai haske. Tsarin funle na tsakiya galibi kusan yana cike da danshi. Saboda haka, fure-tsire na shuka a zahiri suna iyo a ciki.
• Musa. Filin da kansa yayi gajarta, kararrawar ta kunshi kananan ganye wanda aka fentin ja ko ruwan lemo. Darajan kayan ado na wannan nau'in ya ta'allaka ne a cikin ganyayyaki - suna da launin taguwa.
• Daya-eared. Babu shakka, rashin katsewa, ƙananan rauni. Wannan nau'in gusmania yana da kayan ado, ganye mai tsawo wanda aka fentin shi a cikin ratsi mai tsayi.

Hoton hoto: nau'ikan gusmania

Tebur: yanayi mai mahimmanci don ci gaba da haɓaka epiphyte na cikin gida

Yadda ake shuka ko dasa bromeliad

Kula da gusmania ba ya nufin sauyawa sauyawa ba. Guzmania baya buƙatar irin wannan tsari idan yana jin girma: ganye suna kore, Tushen suna da lafiya, ana samun ci gaban girma. Ana buƙatar juyawa ne kawai idan akwai buƙatar gaggawa - don haifuwa, lokacin da aka haɗu da yara, ko don sauya tukunya, idan ta kasance cikakke. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a la'akari da wasu lambobi.

Kasar

Guzmania itaciya ce mai fure, don haka abin da ake buƙata shine mafi sauƙi. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na dabi'a, yakan yi girma a kan magudanar bishiyoyi ko a zuriyar dabbobi, kuma yana ciyar da iska mai laushi.

Tushen tushen guzmania yana aiki ne kawai don kasancewa tare da tushe, tushen abinci mai gina jiki kusan ba zai iya sha ba.

Idan muna magana ne game da cakuda ƙasa da aka yi da kanta, to yakamata ya zama peat, yashi kogin, turf da humus daidai sassan, inda kuke buƙatar ƙara sphagnum da yankakken kwandon kwalliya (kamar magudanar ruwa). Tabbas, ya fi sauƙi don sayan ƙasa ta musamman don bromeliads a cikin shagon.

Madadin guzmania ya zama mai haske da sako-sako

Wiwi

An zabi kwano na guzmania mai zurfi, amma ba fadi ba. A wannan yanayin, Tushen ba suyi rot ba, za su haɓaka daidai, suna samar da shuka da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi ƙaramar tukunya, koyaushe tare da ramuka magudanar ruwa. Don kwanciyar hankali, ana ba da shawarar sanya wani abu mai nauyi a ƙarshen tukunyar.

Hoton hoto: zaɓuɓɓukan ƙira masu dacewa don gusmania a ciki

Shin wajibi ne don canza guzmania bayan sayan

Mafi sau da yawa, masana'antun sa lura sosai da pre-sayar da shirye-shiryen na shuke-shuke, samar da dama kwano da dama substrate. Wannan ba koyaushe ne ƙasa ƙasa ba. Duba da kyau dacewar kasar gona. Idan yayi kama da peat, kuma anga tsiran haushi ko gansakuka tare da ido tsirara, irin wannan fure baya buƙatar juyawa. A cikin yanayin yayin da ƙasa ke daurewa ga taɓawa, yana da kyau don canza guzmania.

Lokacin juyawa, kada ku cutar da tushen tushen guzmania. Itace zai amsa wannan tare da raguwa cikin girma da ci gaba, da shirye ya yarda yayi fure da fitowar cututtuka.

Kula da Gusmania

Kada kayi tunanin cewa duk tsirrai masu tsinkaye suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Guzmania, ba tare da haifar da matsala mai yawa ba, zai faranta muku rai da kyau da launuka masu haske.

Yadda ake ruwa da yadda ake takin

M guzmania na bayyana kanta ko da a cikin ruwa. Wannan tsari baya faruwa, kamar a yawancin tsire-tsire, a ƙarƙashin tushe, amma ta cika hanyar fita da ruwa. Kuma duk saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin mazaunin halitta, guzmania yana tattara danshi galibi daga yanayin saboda yawan ganye, waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin gutters na asali don tara ruwa. Idan iska a cikin dakin ya bushe, ya kamata a fesa furen aƙalla sau ɗaya a rana.

Watara yana faruwa ta wannan hanyar. Takeauki ruwan da aka yanke a ɗakin zafin jiki a hankali a zuba a tsakiyar mafita. A ƙarshen rana, ana zubar da ruwa mai yawa. Wannan tsakanin watan Afrilu da Satumba ne. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa 18 ° C, ƙasa tana daɗaɗɗa ta al'ada, ta tsattsauran ra'ayi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi akwai haɗarin haɓaka cututtukan fungal. Ana yin ruwa a kowace rana a cikin bazara a cikin yanayin zafi (lokacin da hadari yake - yana iya zama kowace rana).

A cikin yanayi, gusmania yana ɗaukar danshi daga iska, don haka shayar da su a ƙarƙashin tushe bai isa ba kuma koyaushe wajibi ne

An yayyafa Guzmania da ruwa mai dumi kowace rana (kamar 30 ° C). Ba za a iya amfani da ruwan sanyi don waɗannan dalilai ba - duhu duhu zai bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki.

Manyan riguna na da mahimmanci a cikin kula da shuka. Takin da ya dace da bromeliads. An bred bisa ga umarnin kuma an yayyafa shi da guzmania sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu a lokacin rani, kuma a lokacin bazara da damina - sau ɗaya a wata. A cikin hunturu, ba a buƙatar suturar saman.

Zai fi kyau kada a yi gwaji tare da takin zamani don kada a lalata guzmania. Bayan haka, ba kowa ba ne ya san cewa ba ta jure takin superphosphate da mullein ba.

Lokacin tashi

Flow shine lokacin mafi haske a rayuwar guzmania, amma kuma bakin ciki, saboda bayan wannan shuka ta mutu. M kyakkyawa blooms na kimanin makonni 17. Maimakon haka, wannan karyewar yake faranta rai, kuma ƙananan furanni suna shuɗewa 'yan kwanaki bayan bayyanar. Yawancin lokaci a cikin shagunan zaka iya sayan riga guzmania. Tambayar ita ce tsawon lokacin da yake a cikin wannan halin kuma ko za ta sami damar haɓaka yara don rayuwa ta gaba.

Bayan guzmania ya fadada, yakamata a yanke farfajiyar a gindi. Ana yin wannan ta yadda, da fari, shuka ba ya kashe kuzari a kan abubuwan da ba dole ba, kuma, na biyu, don bayar da kwalliya mai kyau.

Guzmania yana fure ne kawai a shekara ta huɗu na haɓaka da ci gaba a ƙarƙashin halaye masu kyau na wannan.

Yadda ake yin shuka shuka

Abin da ya yi lokacin da shuka ba ya son Bloom? Da alama yanayin da ake ciki shine mafi kyau, kuma saboda wasu dalilai guzmania baya fitar da farfajiya. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a:

1. Don samar da haɓaka mai yawan zafin jiki zuwa 27 ° C don 'yan kwanaki - zaka iya rufe shi da cellophane, sannan ka saukar da shi zuwa 24 ° C.
2. Niƙa ayaba da apples a cikin kwano, saka kusa da guzmania kuma ku rufe tsarin duka tare da jaka. Gaskiyar ita ce, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari suna ɓoye abubuwa na musamman waɗanda ke hanzarta yin hatsi, har ma da amfani mai amfani a farkon fure. Kafin bayyanar bracts, ba a cire kunshin gaba ɗaya ba, amma ana maye gurbin 'ya'yan itacen lokaci-lokaci tare da sababbi don kada farawa ya fara aiki.

Wanda ba shi da alaƙa da nau'ikan inflorescences na ƙwanƙwasawa da tsawon lokacin furanni ta wani bako mai zafi - pachistachis. Karanta ƙarin bayani game da shi: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/pahistahis-uhod-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html

Bidiyo: kulawa guzmania a gida

Lokacin hutawa

Guzmania ba ta da lokacin hutawa. Wannan itaciya ce mai dawwama wacce ke fure sau ɗaya, bayan haka ta mutu, ta bar matasa tsirrai. Lokaci guda: a cikin hunturu, ba a ciyar da fure kuma an rage yawan shayarwa. An bada shawara don sake shirya tukunya tare da guzmania a kan taga ta kudu, a wuri mai haske. A lokaci guda, ba a soke spraying yau da kullun ba.

Tebur: Kuskuren Kulawa na Guzmania

Hakanan, fure mai fure yana da darajar medinilla. Kuna iya nemo yadda za a ba ta kyakkyawar kulawa a gida daga kayan: //diz-cafe.com/rastenija/medinilla-kak-obespechit-ej-dostojnyj-uxod-v-domashnix-usloviyax.html

Cututtuka da kwari na guzmania

Kamar kowane gidan fure, guzmania na iya sauƙaƙe shawo kan kwari da cututtuka daban-daban. Yana da mahimmanci a amsa lokaci zuwa halin da ake ciki yanzu.

Tebur: Karin kwari mai haɗari na bromeliads

Hoton hoto: kwari na guzmania

Tebur: cututtukan halayyar mutum

Hoton hoto: cututtukan guzmania

Guzmania kiwo a gida

Yaduwar fure yana yiwuwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu:

• ta hanyar rarrabe sabbin hanyoyin da aka kirkira (kananan yara) wadanda suka rage bayan mutuwar babbar shuka;
• tsaba.

Raba

1. Wajibi ne a jira mutuwar fitowar mahaifa.
   

   Bayan fure, mafita ta guzmania

2. Shirya karamin kwano tare da diamita na kusan 9 cm, cika shi 2/3 tare da abin da aka ba da shawarar a sama tare da ƙari na sphagnum.
3. Cire guzmania tare da matakai daga ƙasa kuma a hankali, tare da wuka mai kaifi (a baya an lalata shi da giya), cire haɗin yara da tushen kansu: in ba haka ba shuka ba zai yi tushe ba.
   

   Raba shi ne batun gaban yara daga tushen sa

4. Nutsad da zuriyar a cikin wani daban, riga an shirya tukunya da ƙasa, yayyafa Tushen a saman tare da substrate.
   

   Harbe masu lafiya kawai tare da asalinsu sun dace da dasa

5. Don zube ƙasa (kar cika!) Kuma rufe tare da jakar filastik, yin aan ƙaramin greenhouse. Kar a manta da iska a kullum.
   

   Ganyen da ke karkashin jakar an girke shi kwanaki da yawa don tushen guzmania.

6. Bayan kwanaki 4-5, cire fim ɗin kuma sanya tukunya a wuri mai haske. Ka nisanci hasken rana kai tsaye.
   

   Tukwane da matasa guzmania an fi sanya su a gefen kudu, amma ana kiyaye su daga hasken rana kai tsaye

Bidiyo: yaduwar fure ta hanyar rarrabuwa

Tsaba

Wannan hanyar yaduwa ta guzmania tana da wurin zama, amma masu saurin fure ba sa amfani da ita.

1. Tsaba saya a cikin shagon, pre-soaked a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate (lu'ulu'u biyu da gilashin ruwa a dakin zazzabi), bushe.
   

   Soaking tsaba ana aiwatar da shi a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate, yayin da ruwa ya zama game da digiri 30

2. Yi kasar gona - cakuda peat da kogi, yashi mai laushi a cikin rabo na 1: 1.
   

   Haɗin ƙasa don tsaba ya bambanta a cikin kayan haɗin daga substrate na tsirrai na tsirrai

3. Yada tsaba a cikin tanki tare da cakuda ƙasa ba tare da yin bacci ba.
   

   Tsarin Guzmania yana buƙatar haske don ya shuka

4. Sun sanya jaka a saman kuma sanya shi a cikin wuri mai haske, suna guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye. Zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance kusa da 23 ° C.
   

   Pairaramin abu na iya zama na gida

5. Makonni uku bayan haka, farkon harbe suka bayyana. Kar a cire murfin na wata biyu.
   

   Lokacin da farkon harbe suka bayyana, ba a cire murfin ba

6. Bayan 'yan watanni, plantsan tsire-tsire matasa sun nutse cikin kofuna waɗanda keɓaɓɓun cikin abin maye don bromeliads.
   

   Seedlingsa'idodin seedlings sun nutse cikin kananan ƙananan kofuna tare da ramuka

7. Watanni shida bayan ɗaukar, ana sanya seedlings a cikin tukwane na dindindin.
   

   Kafe matasa guzmania dasa a cikin wani akai wurin girma - in daban bowls

8. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire za su yi fure ba a baya ba bayan shekaru 4-5.

Florist sake dubawa

Na fada cikin kauna lokacin da na ga wannan kyakkyawan furanni a shagon. Kula da shi ba daidai bane ga kowa da kowa: ba a son ruwa da kuma ciyawar ƙasa, amma zai fi kyau a zuba shi kai tsaye a cikin ganyayyaki, tunda tsire-tsire ne, yana buƙatar ƙasa kawai don gyara tushen. Kuma ana shayar da shi kawai tare da taushi, ruwa mara sani, in ba haka ba mai laushi kamar sikelin zai bayyana a kan ganye mai laushi. Abin mamaki, ta hanyar, shine yaduwar farashi a cikin guzmania: wani wuri wanda zaku gani a ƙarƙashin dubu, kuma wani wuri - don 60 rubles. Af, guzmania na biyu, wanda aka siya don waccan kuɗi na ban dariya (ban san dalilin da ya sa suka rage shi ba, ƙanƙane ne, amma mahaukaci ne) - kawai ta ba da yara biyu !!! Babu iyaka ga farin cikina da bege na, saboda wanda aka saya a baya, wanda ya fi ƙarfin girma, ya rigaya ya kusa mutuwa, amma ba ya tunanin samun zuriya. Wataƙila gaskiyar ita ce, ƙaramin a kan hasken rana yana tsaye, kuma Ina shayar da shi ƙasa. Don haka na kammala cewa guzmania thermophilic ne, baya kaunar tururuwar ruwa a waje. Tana ƙaunar fesa ruwa, amma don shayar da ita, kamar yadda suke faɗi, kowane kwana 10, za ta riƙe wannan ruwan a cikin ganyayyaki, kuma wannan ya ishe ta. Ina fatan 'Ya'yan zasuyi kamar yadda suka kamata, domin abin tausayi ne ace rasa irin wannan kyakkyawan shuka!

Savannah//irecommend.ru/content/velikolepnyi-stilnyi-tsvetok

Guzmania fure ne mai kyawun gaske, ina tsammanin bai kamata a shayar da shi sau da yawa ba, Na bincika shi bisa kwarewar kaina, bayan ya fadada, kuna buƙatar yanke fure, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci zai fara toho.

vitos//indasad.ru/forum/27-uchod-za-komnatnimi-rasteniyami/2065-guzmaniya

An ba ni Guzmania kimanin shekaru 5 da suka wuce a ranar 8 ga Maris. Ta yi kama da babban fure mai haske mai haske a tsakiyar 'bunƙasa mai bulo'. Bayan kimanin makonni biyu baya, na dasa fure daga ɗan lokaci zuwa ƙaramin tukunyar yumɓu. Guzmania ya kasance yana fure tsawon watanni. Don haka fure ta fara jujjuyawa ba kawai ta bushe ba, amma kamar zata “yi tsauri”. A lokaci guda, yara da yawa sun bayyana, wanda bayan ɗan lokaci na sanya su cikin tukwane dabam, a lokacin ne ginin mahaifiyar ya mutu a hankali. Kuma yanzu - wani sabon ƙarni wanda ya girma daga wannan gudummawar guzmania. Juge sedge ya zama kore, yana girma, "fluffing". Na shayar da furanni kamar yadda ya bushe, ya tabbata cewa ruwan dole ya shiga cikin mafita, lokaci-lokaci yana kwance ƙasa. Gasar mazaunin shuka, bisa ga al'ada, shine windowsill (gefen gabashin). Shekaru hudu ba abin da ya faru, kawai ana ƙara ƙara sabon ganye a lokaci-lokaci, sannan kuma ... A cikin bazara, a lokacin shayarwa ta gaba, na lura da wani abu mai fashewa a cikin zurfin farfajiyar - babu iyaka ga farin cikina! Na jira! A ci gaban girma da kuma fure na fure zuwa ga mafi girman siffar ya ɗauki watanni uku. Wato, ta bazara, guzmania ta samo ainihin nau'in da na gan ta a karon farko. Bayan wata shida sai ta murƙushe a ƙofata, sai aka sake maimaita satar yaran don mutuwa.

Baki ƙasa//otzovik.com/review_3511785.html

Babu shakka, guzmania yana da ƙarfi, saboda ana amfani dashi ga yanayin dumin yanayi. Dankin kyawawan kayan kwalliya zai yaba da aikin mai girbi mai kishin ƙasa, mai faranta wa ido rai da kawo zaman lafiya, kwanciyar hankali da zaman lafiya a gidan.