Primrose shine ɗayan daskararruwar bazara. An daɗe ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire na magani da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙazani daga mugayen ruhohi. A wasu ƙasashe, akwai imani da yawa da ke da alaƙa da wannan fure.
Fro-hakori primrose: bayanin asali da tarihin asali
Kwayar ta kasance ne daga cikin abubuwan da ake kira herbaceous perennials daga asalin halittar Primroses. Consideredasar mahaifan tsibiri ana ɗaukar su Himalayas, China da duwatsun kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Shuka ya kai 30 cm a tsayi, yana da fadi, ganyayyaki masu yaduwa, an yi su a gefuna. Takaddun tsabtace launin fata yana da babban paloti na tabarau (daga fari zuwa shunayya), an tattara furanni tare da diamita na 1.5 cm a cikin inflorescences mai yawa mai tsayi kuma an kafa su a kan shinge masu kauri. Tsarin fure na Primrose a watan Afrilu-Mayu na kwanaki 30-40.
Fararan hakori-hakori
A cewar bayanai daban-daban, akwai daga nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 400 zuwa 550 a cikin halitta. A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, tsire-tsire suna girma a gefen bankunan koguna da rafuffuka, cikin ciyayi mai ciyawa. Masu furannin furanni suna amfani da tsintsayen fure a matsayin bouquet na rayuwa don hutun Maris 8, dasa su a cikin ƙananan tukwane. Dankin yana da mashahuri a ƙirar shimfidar fili tare da tulips da daffodils.
Mai ban sha'awa don sani! Primroses a cikin floriculture na ado a Turai sun bayyana godiya ga sanannun masu son shuka G. Forrest, G. Sherrif, F. Ward, wanda ya buge da sababbin nau'ikan 66. Masu shayarwa masu shayarwa sama da nau'ikan nau'ikan 1000 na 1000, abin mamaki ga launinsu (2 da launi 3, terry).
Frogin farko
Tsarin iri
Priman ƙaramar haƙorin haƙoran haƙoran wakilci ne da dama siffofin kayan ado da nau'ikan da suka girma a gida. Daga cikin masu noman furanni, iri tare da kananan furanni waɗanda aka tara cikin manyan inflorescences akan tsayi mai tushe sun shahara. Mafi yawa sun hada da nau'ikan:
- Alba Sunan da dama yayi magana don kansa - ana tattara fararen furanni masu matsakaici-tsalle-tsalle cikin zagaye mai girman gaske, tsinkayar 20 cm lokacin fure. Dankin mai sanyi mai tsauri wanda ya fi son inuwa mai zurfi da ƙasa mai laushi.
- Harafi. Furanni suna da launi mai launin shuɗi, inflorescences kaɗan ƙasa da na alba, suna kan kan mai tushe 25 cm.
- Ed. Redro primrose shine nau'in hunturu-Hardy wanda ya dace da tsakiyar Rasha. Ya fi son wuraren da aka cika inuwa da sako-sako da ƙasa mai laushi.
- Ruby Ana tattara furanni mai haske-ja mai haske tare da farin rawaya a cikin ƙananan inflorescences har zuwa 6 cm a diamita. Bayan fure, ganyayyaki da peduncle suna ƙaruwa da girman, sabili da haka, don haɓaka al'ada, shuka yana buƙatar isasshen sarari a gonar.
- Bugle. An bambance bambancen da furanni masu launin fari, ja, shunayya, da aka tattara a cikin inflorescences mai sihiri a farfajiya 10-15 cm tsayi.
- Kayan gado na kankara, kamar na farko, yana da launuka iri iri (fari, ruwan hoda, ja).
Haɗin nau'ikan iri a cikin kayan lambu
Dasa kuma ɗan ƙaramin ɗan fari-fure
Adro na ɗan adam na ɗan fari ne wanda ba a kula da shi ba, ya isa ya kula da danshi na ƙasa kuma ya rufe shuka a lokacin kafin lokacin sanyi.
Ana buƙatar rarrabe haske, amma kowane yanki tare da inuwa mai juzu'i na iya zuwa. Babban abu shine hana hasken rana kai tsaye daga kai wa biri.
Don ci gaba da fure, zazzabi na 8-16 ℃ sama da sifilin ya dace da shuka. Primrose yana son danshi. Idan zafi bai isa ba, ganye na iya bushewa kuma za a rage lokacin furanni. Ana shayar da Primroses aƙalla sau 2 a mako, 2-3 a kowace shuka.
Don namo kyawawan abubuwan haƙoran haƙora, sako-sako, ƙasa mai cike da ɗanɗano acidic an zaɓi. Don yawan fure mai yawa, ana buƙatar ƙasa mai mahimmanci, sabili da haka, ana amfani da takin gargajiya da ma'adinai sau 3 a kakar.
Mahimmanci! Don wadataccen fure na fure don ɗan adam ya haifar da yanayin kusa da wurin da ake samun ci gaban halitta.
Arian cikin nau'ikan ɗan fari mai narkewa basa tsoron dasawa, sabanin sauran nau'in shuka. Lokacin dasa shuki furanni an sanya shi cikin karamin rami. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire masu kusa ya kamata aƙalla 25 cm.
A cikin hunturu, ana hana kare abubuwa masu mahimmanci daga canje-canjen yanayi, don wannan ya isa ya rufe fure tare da kayan da ba'a saka ba, suna samar da iska idan zai yiwu. Wannan ya zama dole domin Tushen ba su rot a cikin shuka.
Lamburan fure
Mai jan tsami
Pruning yana da mahimmanci ga shuka. Cire bayanan inflorescences iri iri, tsoffin tsoffin ganye. Wannan zai kara haifuwar launi a shekara mai zuwa. A cikin kaka, kar a cire duk ganye, shirya shuka don hunturu. Zasu zama kariya ta halitta ga jigon yara daga ƙarshen zafin lokacin sanyi.
Informationarin bayani! Ana cire ɗanɗanar bushe a cikin bazara lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma an cire ƙarin tsari daga shuka.
Siffofin furanni masu fure
Ganyen herbaceous peroni na fure na fari kai tsaye bayan murfin dusar ƙanƙara ya narke (a tsakiyar Afrilu). Peduncle yana haɓaka da sauri, a kan matakin tare da sababbin koren ganye. A farkon farashi, tsayinsa ya kai 2-3 cm, a lokacin lokacin furanni mai aiki - 20-25 cm Lokacin da 'ya'yan itaciyar suka girma, tsayin farfajiyar ya kai cm 30-50. Furannin da aka tattara a cikin manyan inflorescences na fure suna da launuka daban-daban.
Bayan an gama furanni, ganyayyaki na primrose sun ci gaba da girma, suna yin rosette har zuwa 40 cm. Da kaka, ganye ya bushe, ya bar rosette da tsarin tushen fibrous har sai an yi bazara a cikin zamani mai ƙazanta.
Karin fure
Hanyoyin yada fure
Kuna iya shuka primrose daga tsaba, rarraba daji da ganyayyaki masu ganye.
Yankan
Don nasarar narkar da tsire-tsire tare da itace, ganyayen ganye tare da karamin ɓangare na rhizome ana girbe su daga Mayu zuwa Yuni kuma a dasa a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa. A cikin lokacin rani, yan itace suna ɗaukan tushe, hunturu, kuma a cikin bazara sun shuka a kan dindindin wurin girma.
Raba Bush
Ana aiwatar da hanya don rabuwa da shuka uwa a shekaru 3-5 na rayuwa bayan cikakken girma na furen. Lokacin da za a rarraba daji shine a farkon lokacin bazara ko bazara. Don yin wannan, tono tsohuwar 'yar tsintsiya, a hankali ta girgiza ƙasa kuma amfani da wuka mai kaifi don raba shi kashi, barin aƙalla guda ɗaya a kowane. Ana bi da sassan tare da toka. An raba sassan nan da nan kuma ana shayar da su kullun don makonni 2.
Tsaba
A namo ingantaccen danyen tsintsiya daga tsaba ana aiwatar da su ta hanyoyi guda biyu:
- Shuka cikin kaka a gonar.
- Girma ta hanyar shuka.
A farkon hanyar, ana aiwatar da shuka a cikin ƙasa mai kwance da zurfi zuwa zurfin da bai wuce cm 1 ba. An sanya tsaba a farfajiya na ƙasa kuma yafa masa tare da substrate. Kuna iya yin amfanin gona a cikin akwatunan seedling na talakawa kuma ku binne su a cikin lambu.
Mahimmanci! Duhun duhu yana da mahimmanci don haɓakar tsaba na fari, wannan ya kamata a tuna lokacin shuka.
Tsaba da aka shuka a cikin bazara zai sha wahala na dabi'a kuma zai zo daidai lokacin bazara. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire masu tsufa ba su wanke ruwan bazara. A cikin kaka, an dasa jigon primroses zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Girma ta hanyar shuka yana buƙatar ƙarin hankali. Wajibi ne a fara aiki a ƙarshen Janairu, tare da haɓaka shuka daga ƙwayar wucin gadi:
- Da farko, an shimfiɗa tsaba a kan kushin auduga tare da wasan da aka sanyaya ko ɗan ƙaramin yatsa kuma an rufe shi da diski na biyu, an sanya shi a cikin ƙaramin ganga. Disks moisturize dan kadan.
- Ana kiyaye kwantaccen iri a cikin firiji kuma a zazzabi a ɗakuna, sannu a hankali yana ƙara lokacin zama na tsaba a cikin ɗakin.
- Bayan an kyankyashe tsaba, ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa. A lokacin girma seedlings ciyar 2 na.
- Ana shuka tsire-tsire a kan gado na seedling a ƙarshen Mayu, kuma an dasa shi a wani wuri mai tasowa a cikin kaka ko bazara na shekara mai zuwa bayan fure (har zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta wanda ya sa shuka ya sami lokacin ɗauka kuma a shirya don hunturu).
'Ya'yan Primrose
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Shuka ne da za'ayi daga tsaba na yanzu shekara, wannan qara damar da sakamako mai kyau yayin girma shuka.
A duk matakai na girma, ya cancanci kare tsire daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Kyakkyawan wuri don yaduwar ƙwaro na fure a cikin ƙasa zai zama yanki a ƙarƙashin babban itace mai yadawa. Matasa shuka ba zai yi fure nan da nan ba, amma a shekara ta 3 ko a shekara ta 2.
Matsaloli masu tasowa, cututtuka da kwari
Daga cikin matsalolin da ke tattare da haɓaka kayan fure, bushewa da bushewar ganye ya zama ruwan dare. Wannan na iya zama saboda isasshen ruwa ko isar da hasken rana. Kuna iya magance matsalar ta hanyar daidaita shayar da shuka ko matsar da shi zuwa wurin da aka rufe.
Kula! Tare da wuce kima watering, musamman ruwan sanyi, Tushen rot.
Tare da rashin isasshen abinci mai gina jiki ko babban girma overgrowth na daji, ana iya lura da rawanin fure. A wannan yanayin, takin shuka da dasa tare da rabo daga cikin daji.
Primrose yana da saurin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal (tushen rot, tsatsa, mildew powdery). Kwayoyin cuta na iya haɓaka (ƙwayar mosaic ko ƙyanƙyashe ƙwarya). Don hana kamuwa da cuta, ana bi da fungicides, kuma ana cire duk wuraren da cutar ta shafa.
Daga cikin kwari kwari, primrose yana shafar aphids, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo da katuwar katako. Don magance slugs, lura da tsire-tsire tare da toka yana taimakawa, an warwatsa ko'ina cikin furanni. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da maganin sabulu don sarrafa kwari.
Rot a kan shuka
Kulawa da daskararren toothed mai sauki ne, kuma koda majinin da ba shi da masaniya zai iya aiwatar da haihuwarsa. Wannan launin fata mai launi zai mamaye wuri mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙirar kowane shafi.
