Daga cikin yawancin cacti da aka girma a gida, fig mai nauyin gaske za'a iya kiran shi mafi mashahuri. Wurin haifuwa na shuka shine Kudancin Amurka, amma kwanan nan ya samo tushe a gabar tekun Crimea kuma yana girma tun can.
Menene farashi mai kama da kyau, ga wanda danginsa yake
Indiyawan farashi mai tsiro shine tsiro mai ƙoshi kuma mallakar dangin Cactus ne. Sau da yawa al'ada tana girma kamar shuka mai ci kuma 'ya'yan itaciyar suna ci. Garin murtsunguwa kanta isasshen ciyawa ne mai tushe wanda yayi kyau da kyau. Bayan fure, an samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa ja akan ƙaya, naman jikinsa mai daɗi ne kuma mai daɗi.
Fruiting na Indiyawan farashi mai kauri
Prickly pear na iya zama a cikin hanyar daji tare da karkatacciyar ko harbe harbe. Wasu lokuta ana samun shuka har ma da irin itacen. Tare da kewaye da murtsunguwa sune ƙayayuwa tare da ƙaya. Fleshy da m foliage da sauri crumbles.
'Ya'yan itacen fig Opuntia fig
Yawancin nau'ikan
Lu'u-lu'u da yawa yana da ire-irensu da nau'ikansu, amma waɗanda suka fi fice sune:
- Berger - mai shuka ya wuce mitimita a tsayi, mai tushe mai faɗi, kore mai haske a launi. A duk yankin da mai tushe ne rawaya ƙaya.
- Gosselin - halin manyan inflorescences rawaya. Ganyayyaki suna da tabarau da yawa: daga kore zuwa shuɗi tare da sakawa ta azurfa.
- -An karamin-gashi - ana iya samun wannan curin a cikin gidaje da yawa, ya bambanta a cikin allurai rawaya masu laushi da kewayen kewaye da shuka.
Warkar da kaddarorin
Lu'u-lu'u da yawa yana da kaddarorin amfani ga jikin mutum:
- yana rage kumburi;
- ayyukan lowers platelet;
- yana taimaka wajan yaƙar kiba, ana amfani dashi don asarar nauyi;
- tsararren ƙwayar shuka yana taimakawa rage tsufa na fata.
A takaice game da tarihin bayyanar
Wannan murtsunguwa yana amfani da wannan muhalli tsawon shekaru. A halin yanzu, pear mai tsananin tsada abinci ne ga dabbobi, kuma ana yin fenti daga gare ta. A karni na 20, murtsunguwa ya isa Australia, inda yadu cikin sauri a duk faɗin nahiyar. Shanu sun fi son tsire-tsire, amma sun fara mutuwa daga sandunan cactus da ke shiga cikin hanjinsu. A saboda wannan dalili, manoma ba sa son wurin cactus ɗin kuma sun yi ƙoƙarin kayar da shi ta amfani da hanyar sunadarai.
Mahimmanci! Sakamakon haka, kuliyoyin ognevka, waɗanda har ma suka kafa abin tunawa don wannan, sun taimaka wajen fitar da lu'ulu'u mai ƙyalli.
Siffofin kulawar gida
Don haɓaka da fure na shuka, ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar yanayi ingantacce.
Zazzabi
A lokacin rani, zazzabi don murtsunguwa ba shi da mahimmanci, yana iya daidaitawa da kyau. A cikin hunturu, alamar ma'aunin zafi da sanyio bai kamata ya tashi sama da digiri 6 Celsius ba, in ba haka ba pear mai ƙarfi zai shimfiɗa ya zama mummuna.
Haske
Pricwallan prick na lu'u-lu'u suna son haske mai yawa, amma hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya faɗi akan shuka. Don haɓaka mai aiki, murtsunguwa yana buƙatar haske tsawon shekara.
Fitaure guda ɗaya mai kyau
Watse
Ruwa da shuka a hankali. Idan akwai danshi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa, tushen tsarin zai fara jujjuyawa. Ana yin ruwa kamar yadda ya cancanta - lokacin da saman ƙasa ya rigaya ya bushe, zaku iya fara moisturize. Dole ne a kare ruwa, kuma ya fi kyau cewa yayi laushi da ɗan ɗanɗano acid. Don waɗannan dalilai, yi amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami.
Kula! Ruwa da shuka a cikin wani kwanon rufi, don kada a sami abin toshe kwalaba daga limescale.
Kasar
A acidity na kasar gona kada wuce 6.5 pH, dole ne ya zama mai permeable da sako-sako da. Cakuda humus, ƙasa turɓaya da yashi cikakke. Kar a manta game da magudanar ruwa, kamar yadda ake amfani da yumbu, karafuna ko tubalin da aka fasa. Prickly pear farashin ya girma da kyau a cikin wani sayan da aka yi da kayan haɗi don cacti da succulents.
Manyan miya
Kuna iya ciyar da gidan abinci daga bazara zuwa kaka, kuna yin wannan bisa ga umarnin. Zai isa isa gabatarwar mahaɗan 1 don abubuwan maye na wata-wata. A cikin hunturu, an haramta yin riguna masu kyau.
Siffofin kulawa na hunturu, lokacin hutawa
Idan an dasa shukar a ƙasa a buɗe, to, don lokacin hunturu dole ne a rufe shi da bambaro ko allurai na Pine. A lokacin dormant, shuka ya ɗan lalace, amma bai kamata ku damu ba. A lokacin bazara kuma zai sake zama kyakkyawa. A cikin hunturu, ba sa ciyarwa kuma ba sa ruwa.
Flowering edible murtsunguwa
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Opuntia blooms a farkon bazara, kuma ƙare wannan lokacin a farkon kaka. Don cinye fure a gida yana da matukar wahala, ko kuma akasin haka, ba zai yiwu ba. Bayanin shuka ya nuna cewa yana fure a launuka daban-daban: daga ƙarami zuwa babba. Ana iya tsammanin bayyanar furanni masu ban mamaki idan a lokacin rani akwai damar da za a iya ɗaukar tukunyar itacen kwandon lambu ko tsakar gida. Bayan furanni, ana kafa 'ya'yan itaciyar mai daɗi akan ƙwaya, don ɗanɗano ɗan abin tunawa da ɓaure.
Yadda fig mai saurin tsiro ke yaduwa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu kawai na haifuwa ta pear, kuma sune galibi ana amfani da ciyayi.
Shuka shuka
Hanyar baza iri mai yiwuwa itace mafi yawan aiki. Kafin yin shuka, tsaba yakamata a shafa tare da sandpaper ko fayil ƙusa. Bayan wannan, kayan sun cika da ruwa na awanni da yawa. Soilasa don dasa yakamata ya haɗa da ƙasa, ƙasa gaba ɗaya da gawayi. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, matsi kadan a ciki. Ya kamata a dasa ciyayi da ƙarancin bayani na manganese kuma an rufe shi da gilashi ko fim. Da safe da maraice, ya kamata a kwantar da kwantena. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe da rigar sosai.
Kula! Seedlings na iya bayyana fiye da wata daya, ku yi haƙuri.
Rooting cuttings
Hanyar ciyayi na yaduwar cacti ya fi karɓa. Za'a iya cire cutlery a kowane lokaci, amma ya fi kyau shuka shi a cikin bazara ko lokacin bazara, lokacin da girman ci gaba na shuka ya faru. An yanke sashin kuma an bar shi kwanaki da yawa don bushewa. Bayan wannan, an rage zurfin da kashi ɗaya cikin uku a cikin cakuda ƙasa gama cacti da yashi. Shuka yana buƙatar shayarwa, amma tushen zai iya faruwa a cikin fewan makonni ko ma watanni.
Akwai kuma wata hanyar rooting. An cire spines a gefe ɗaya na sashi, kuma wannan gefen yana zurfafa cikin ƙasa. Na gaba, ba da ruwa a kewayen ƙasa. Tushen zai zama ko'ina cikin yankin. Lokacin da aka fara ganin cigaban murtsunguwa, zaku iya rage ruwa kuma ku ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe kwanaki da yawa.
Juyawa
Prickly pear yana da tushen gaske, don haka ya fi kyau kar a sake yin hujin. Yi wannan kawai idan tabin ya rigaya ƙarami a tukunyar sa. Koyar da al'adun cikin yumɓu ko tukwane. Irin wannan kayan ba zai bada izinin danshi ya yi tururi a cikin akwati ba, kuma tushen ba zai wahala ba.
Mahimmanci! Abinda aka sauƙaƙe shine mafi kyawun yi tare da safofin hannu don kada ku ji rauni. Ana cire akwati a hankali daga tukunyar kuma a aika da sabon jirgin ruwa ta hanyar natsuwa, alhali ana buƙatar riƙe ta da gindi.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa a girma da cuta
Duk wata matsala da ta taso a lokacin tsiro mai tsadar gaske ta hanya guda ko wata na da nasaba da rashin kulawa da ita. Babban matsalolin da mafitarsu:
- Idan harbe ya lalace kuma ya zama kasala, to, a fili shuka bai isa danshi ba, ya fi dacewa da sake farfado da tsarin mulkin ban ruwa.
- Samuwar busassun busassun haske akan kashi yana nuna babban zafi ko canje-canje kwatsam.
- Ci gaban tushen rot yakan faru ne saboda yawan danshi da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, a kan harbe za ku iya ganin samuwar aibobi masu haske, waɗanda ba da daɗewa ba zasu yi duhu.
- Idan ƙananan tabo suna bayyane akan sassan, wannan yana nuna haɓaka farin fatar fungal. Cutar na faruwa saboda abubuwan da shuka ya haifar a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, kuma dole ne a gudanar da jiyya tare da fungicides.
Shuka na pear pear, farko sprouts
Karin kwari
Sau da yawa, kwari suna kaiwa hari da sikelin. Idan tushen nematode yayi wannan, to da sanyin zai mutu nan da nan. Dole ne a cire wuraren da abin ya shafa na murtsunnen, Tushen an tsoma shi cikin ruwan zãfi na mintina kaɗan kuma a fesa tsire tare da maganin gawayi. Bayan haka, ana iya dasa shukar a cikin sabon ƙasa mai bakararre.
Alamu da camfi
An yi imani cewa kowane murtsunguwa suna iya ɗaukar abubuwan da ke lalata abubuwa masu lalacewa ta hanyar kayan lantarki. Lu'u-lu'u da yawa yana kare gidan da duk mazaunanta daga sakaci. Akwai sigar da ke dauke da gidan kwantar da rai daga gidan dukkan mazaje, don haka a zamanin da ba a girma irin wannan tsiro a cikin gida tare da girlsan mata .an mata ba.
Girma na tsiro na tsiro mara nauyi
'Yan kadan nowers masu girbi san irin wannan shuka wannan - fig mai girma. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, murtsunguwa zai yi farin ciki tare da kwarjininsa tsawon shekaru.
