Nau'in tsire-tsire masu ƙauna mai zafi waɗanda ke rayuwa da kyau a cikin ɗakunan talakawa sun haɗa da fureve na echeveria. Shi kwatankwacinsa ne cikin kulawa, don girma gidan baya buƙatar ƙwarewa da ilimi na musamman. Wani sunan don al'adar "dutse."
Echeveria - wane irin fure yake, ga wane dangi yake
Succulent echeveria (succulent echeveria) yana nufin wakilan dangin Tolstyankov. Kusan adadin ƙasashe ɗari biyu suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi, ƙaramin ɓangaren mallakar nau'ikan kayan ado an girma a gida.
Dutse mai nasara ya tashi
Bayanin taƙaitaccen, tarihin asalin ko zaɓi
Ana iya samun furanni akan filayen Mexico, California da Peru. An ba da sunan al'adun don girmamawa ga mai zane daga Meziko, wanda ke aiki a cikin bayanin kwatancin ƙasar - Atanasio Echeverria i Godoy.
Hadin kayan maye tare da ruwan fure mai haske, na wakilai mafi girma, ya yi girma zuwa cm 25 a tsayi kuma zuwa faɗin faɗin cm cm 15. Fitocin ya yi ƙaramin yawa, ana tattara ganyen cikin ramuka mai yawa. Wasu ƙananan talla suna da santsi mai santsi, yayin da wasu suna da nau'in ƙwayar cuta.
Mahimmanci! A cikin ɗakunan gidaje, zaka iya samun echeveria na Shavian sau da yawa, halin da iyakar ruwan hoda akan faranti. 'Yan lambu suna mai da hankali sosai akan Echeveria horbatiflora, Agavoides, Desmet.
Yawancin tsire-tsire na cikin gida tare da suna masu kama
Furen Echeveria, wanda nau'ikansa ya bambanta, yana da nau'ikan 200. An girma su duka a cikin tukwane na fure da kayan furanni wanda aka yi da gilashi mai ɗaci.
Echeveria m (Echeveria elegans)
A cikin gida mai kyau echeveria yana da kwanciyar hankali tare da launin toka-shudi mai launi, rosette mara lahani. Manyan harbe suna lanƙwasa tsawon lokaci kuma suna fara yadawa a farfajiya. Suna da ikon tushen kai tsaye.
An kafa yara akan manyan harbe, manyan samfuran girma sun girma zuwa 15 cm a diamita. Leaf faranti tare da tsawon 5 cm, nisa of 2 cm, inflorescences wani ruwan hoda ko mulufi, iyakar rawaya akan tukwane na petals.
Mahimmanci! Iri daban-daban ba tare da mai tushe ba sun haɗa da tsarin agave-ቅርፅ. Ganyenta yana da canji mai ban sha'awa daga haske mai haske na tsakiya zuwa m gefuna. A saman farfajiya mai launin fari.
Echeveria m
Echeveria nama (Echeveria carnicolor)
Tana da ɗan gajeren saƙo, wanda bai wuce cm 6 ba .. Rosette mai matsakaici-girma ya girma zuwa 15 cm a tsayi, zuwa faɗin cm 10. Girma tare da matsakaici na matsakaici, tare da launi na nama, har zuwa 7 cm tsayi.
Echeveria glauca (Echeveria glauca)
An kwatanta shi da faranti-shuɗi faranti, waɗanda aka kayyade ta hanyar ruwan hoda na launin ruwan hoda, tare da ruwan shafa mai rufin launin shuɗi Ya girma a cikin siffar cokali, inflorescences orange girma a kan harbe located a tarnaƙi.
Mahimmanci! Ana samun launi mai launi iri ɗaya a Echeveria Pulidonis, fasalin sananne shine iyakar ja ta gefen gefuna. Budswanƙwasa masu launin Bell suna da fure mai launin rawaya.
Amiveria Black Prince
Al'adar tana da rosette mai tsintsiya, tana kaiwa 15 cm a diamita. Leafy faranti masu launin kore ne; inflorescences suna kan bangarorin. Echeveria petals Babbar yarima mai ruwan lemo ko launi mai launi-cakulan, wacce take kan manyan kafafu.
Echeveria farin-gashi (Echeveria leucotricha)
Wakili ne na nau'in tsiro na furen fure; ruwan wukake na ganye mai launin shuɗi yana da tsiri mai launin shuɗi tare da gefen kuma gashin fari. A gani mai kama da dabba wacce aka haifa kwanan nan, kanti a diamita ya girma zuwa 20 cm.
Mahimmanci! Pewararrun masu sha'awar wakilci ne na mempusorum na tunaveria, tare da faranti-nau'in triangular da ƙarshen ƙare. Tsawon inflorescence shine 20 cm, ya ƙunshi fure na sautin launin shuɗi.
Echeveria farin-gashi
Echeveria m (Echeveria cika Lera)
An kwatanta shi da ƙananan girma da fa'ida, manyan layuka suna fitowa daga kanti. Yara suna haɓakawa a cikin harbe, zanen gado suna da launin koren launi mai haske, gefuna suna tare da ruɗami mai laushi. Furen fure a cikin kwanakin Fabrairu, furannin masu launin shuɗi.
Mahimmanci! Ana ɗauka cewa ɗanɗano bambance-bambancen mai ban sha'awa shine Echeveria Lau, wanda a ciki ana samun murfin kakin zuma ko da akan kumbura.
Echeveria Derenbergii
Tana da adadin manyan harbe-harbe suna fitowa daga kanti, girma zuwa 6 cm a diamita. A saman farantin ganye akwai shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, tsakiyar shine yadudduka ko zaitun-bluish. Nau'in nau'in motsa jiki ya ƙunshi fure 5; tsawon tsayin daka ya kai cm 6.
Yadda ake kulawa da echeveria a gida
Kulawa da kyau na fure mai kyau zai ba ku damar girma samfuri mai kyau da kyakkyawa, wanda zai yi fure daidai da halaye masu ɗimbin yawa. Kulawa na Echeveria na buƙatar buƙatu na musamman don substrate, ban ruwa da taki.
Haske da zazzabi
Lokaci da dalilai na sakandare suna tasiri canje-canje a yanayin tsare:
- a cikin kaka da ranakun hunturu, tsarin zazzabi tsakanin 10-16 ℃ sama da sifili, yayin fure - 18-21 ℃;
- a cikin bazara da kuma bazara watanni yana sauƙaƙe saukar da laima na iska, yana zaune a hankali a +30 ℃.
Duk samfuran gargajiya da samfuran yanayi suna son kyakkyawan haske - yawaitar faranti da launi gamut ɗin launi sun dogara da shi.
Mahimmanci! Matattun samari sun saba da hasken rana a hankali, saboda kada su tsokani ƙonewa. Al'adar ba ta buƙatar fesawa kuma ba ta yarda da babban zafi ba.
Watering dokokin da zafi
Ana aiwatar da tawali'u kamar yadda yashi ke bushewa, a cikin hunturu - lokaci-lokaci, don kada ya tsokani sha'awar mai tushe. Yi amfani da akwatin kifaye ko ruwan da aka zauna na kwanaki 2-3.
Mahimmanci! Idan bai isa ya shayar da amfanin gonar ba, ana iya gano canje-canje ta faranti na ganye - za su zama ruɓaɓɓen iska da bakin ciki. Lokacin da ban ruwa ba zai iya shafar ganye ba.
Watarana Watsawa
Manyan miya da ingancin ƙasa
A cikin bazara da watannin kaka, al'adun na buƙatar haɓakar musamman don cacti da succulents. Ciyar da kowane wata. Yayin sauran lokacin, ana soke hanyoyin; sauran lokutan, ba zai yuwu hadi da abubuwan da suka saba da kwayoyin halitta ba.
Sako-sako da yashi mai ƙima tare da ƙimar abinci mai mahimmanci. Growararrun masuntan furanni suna amfani da cakuda ƙasa ta musamman wacce aka sayar a cikin dukkan shagunan fure. Don hana haɓakar tushen rot, ƙaramin adadin gawayi yana haɗuwa da cakuda.
Mahimmanci! Tankuna suna cike da yumɓu mai yumɓu, tubalin da aka fashe, ɗamunan dutse ko kuma tukunyar tukwane kafin sauka na uku.
Girman Tank na fure
Al'adar tana da tushen tushen wata nau'in halitta, saboda haka, tana buƙatar fa'ida, amma gwargwadon iko. A diamita, bai kamata ya zarce girman fure da kansa sama da 2 cm ba. Kwandon shara ba tare da magudanar ruwa ba ya dace saboda babban haɗarin tururuwar danshi da kuma juyawa daga tushen sa.
Yin daskarewa da dasawa
Ana aiwatar da hanyoyin dasawa a shekara, tare da taka tsantsan: idan Tushen sun lalace, inji zai mutu. Bayan sayan, ana iya jujjuya shi a cikin sati 2-3: har zuwa ranar da aka sanya, ba a saka dutsen da danshi. Ana yin maganin das hi ne tare da cikakken bushewar datti na kasa. Echeveria baya buƙatar pruning na musamman - cire kullun ganyen bushe ya isa.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin da fitowar bazara take fitar da rosette, an datse sashin na sama, ba barinsa sama da cm 4 Wannan hanyar tana sakewa kuma tana taimakawa wajen kunna ci gaban sabbin harbewa.
Siffofin furanni masu fure
Ga mutum daya daga ciki, ana buƙatar yanayi na musamman, in ba haka ba ba su yi fure ba.
Mahimmanci! Echeveria a cikin cakuda (ƙaramin abu) galibi ana amfani dashi don gina katako na fure.
Kyautatuwa mai kyau
Lokacin aiki da hutawa
A cikin bazara da watanni na bazara na tsawon kwanaki 14-30 na Bloveveveveveveveveveveveveveveveresesesueve. A cikin hunturu, yawancin wakilan kwayoyin sun tafi hutu. A wannan lokacin, tsarin ya canza sosai: suna rage zafin jiki zuwa 8-15 ℃ kuma suna rage ban ruwa zuwa hanya ɗaya a wata.
Iri da siffar furanni
Budsan ƙananan buds suna cikin inflorescences located a tsaye a kaikaice peduncle. Sautin ganyayen ya dogara da aikin hasken:
- karancin hasken rana yana haifar da tsananin tashin hankali;
- isasshen adadin shine jan launi ko orange.
A ƙarshen zamanin budding a kan peduncles, an kafa yara.
Hanyoyi don yada fure lokacin da aka fi dacewa
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yada fure. Zaɓuɓɓukan yaduwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sun haɗa da ƙara yawan ganye ko rosettes.
Yaduwa da ganyeveria ganye
Zaɓi foliage mafi koshin lafiya kuma ku raba shi da tushe. Bayan mako guda na bushewa, an shimfiɗa gefen waje a kan ingantaccen daskararren fata kuma ana kiyaye shi har saiwoyi a +25 ℃. Lokacin ƙirƙirar soket na farko, suna zaune a cikin kwantena daban.
Mahimmanci! Misalan da suka amsa da kyau ga yaduwar ganye sun haɗa da echeveria Pearl na Nuremberg. Yana rayuwa da kyau tare da share lokaci-lokaci na substrate da iyakar haske.
Ganyayyaki yaduwa
Sake bugun ta ta hanyar amfani da kayan abinci
Zabi ne da akafi so, wanda ke nufin rabuwa da mahaifiyar yarinyar. Bayan an yanke wurin, ana kula da wurin da murƙushe mai kaɗa (itace ko kunnawa), an bushe shi na tsawon awanni 12. Ana dasa mashigar a cikin ƙasa mai cike da gurɓata kuma jira don bayyanar da tushen tsarin sa. Ingantaccen aiwatar da dabarar yana taimakawa hanzarta samuwar buds.
Matsaloli masu tasowa, cututtuka da kwari
Hare-hare na kunnuwa na parasitic midges da cututtuka suna da wuya, mafi yawan matsalolin suna tsokanar masu da kansu. Idan al'adar ke kulawa da kyau kuma an watsa ta, to za a sami daskararren danshi wanda zai haifar da kirkirar cututtukan fungal.
Mahimmanci! Idan cutar ta gano cikin lokaci, furen yana buƙatar juyawa - bayan wargajewar sassan lalata da magani tare da maganin fungicidal.
Kwayoyi masu haɗari sun haɗa da mealy da tsutsotsi masu tushe. Fitowar su tana dakatar da fure na Echeveria, ci gabanta da ci gabanta. An ƙaddara ta da canje-canje canji na ɓangaren kore da suturar farin ciki. Furen yana buƙatar dasa shuki a cikin sabon tukunya tare da cikakken canji na ƙasa da kuma datsa wuraren da abin ya shafa. Bayan an kammala wannan aikin, ana sarrafa Aktara da Fitoverm.
Mealybug shan kashi
Yadda zaka magance su
Harkokin samfuran marasa lafiya ya dogara da tushen matsalar:
- idan ciyawar ta haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar sanya ruwa ya zama rawaya, an daina ban ruwa har sai an canza dutsen har abada.
- bushewa da ƙananan ganye - ba a buƙatar magani, yanayin yana nufin ƙa'idar al'ada a cikin hunturu;
- yankwane da kwanciyar hankali faranti - ƙara yawan danshi.
Kula! Ganyayyakin da aka tsallake da raguwar adadinsu na nuni da wuce haddi na ruwa a cikin hunturu. Ainihin aiwatar da shawarwarin zai guji yawancin alamun rashin jin daɗi, hana ci gaba da cututtuka da kuma haɗarin ƙwayoyin cututtukan fata.
Echiveria bristly, Black Prince ko satin ana ɗaukarsa furen fure ne, masu noman fure suna son shi. An yi wa ado da gidaje, ɗakunan ajiya da katunan ƙasa. Kulawa da echeveria a gida ba matsala, amma gogaggen yan lambu ka tuno cewa yashi da ke cikin tukwane hanya ce ta rasa al'ada.
