Ferns na cikin gida ado ne na musamman, kamar yadda itatuwan dabino na gida-suke girma. Su kambi ne maras kyau, mai yawa da girma, kuma variegated ganye faranti iya samun daban-daban siffofi, dangane da kasancewarsu ga wani iri-iri. Cikin gida fern tsire ne mai ƙaramin tsire-tsire wanda za'a iya girma kamar fure mai girma a cikin tukwane na fure.
Na cikin gida - wane nau'in shuka ne, ana iya dasa shi a gida
Fern gida shine shuka mai motsa jiki, wanda shine ɗayan tsohuwar duniya. Yana girma a cikin nau'i na daji. An tattara tushe mai tushe a cikin 'Rosalte Rosal'. Fern yana da tsawon santimita 50-70. Cirrus kananan faranti masu faranti a baya form soruses, inda spores form, wanda shuka zai iya biyo baya.
A cikin gida ya samu kwanciyar hankali a gida
Babban nau'ikan don haɓaka gida, taƙaitaccen bayanin
Tsarin nau'in siffar fern ya ƙunshi nau'ikan sama da 11,000, amma kusan 20 daga cikinsu sun shahara a cikin narkar cikin gida.
Fuskanci (Nephrolepis)
Nefrolepis fern shine mafi shahararren mashahuri kuma mashahuri a cikin ciyawar kankara, ana kiranta "sarkin duka ferns". Saboda kayan aikinsa na bude-fure, wannan tsiron ya zama sananne a zamanin Victoria. Baya ga babban adorativeness, da inji yana cikin bukatar saboda ta sauki da unpretentious kulawa. Kodayake, sun fara jera shi dashi azaman nau'in nau'in ferns in mun gwada kwanannan, tunda a baya mallakar jinsin davallium ne.
Ana nuna Nephrolepis ta hanyar sauƙaƙewa mai sauƙi da sauƙin daidaitawa ga kowane yanayin waje. An girma a matsayin shuka na cikin gida na ampoule, tunda yada fararen ganye sukan rataye. Dogon ganye mai fadi amma kunkuntar fern yana da siket da yadace, da kuma kyakkyawan launi mai launin kore.
Informationarin bayani! An bada shawarar shuka shi a cikin yara da ɗakunan dakuna, saboda yana tsarkake iska, don haka rage ciwon kai da jin rashin lafiya.
Asplenium (Asplenium)
Abubuwan da aka fi sani da fern Asplenium sun shahara a ƙarƙashin wani suna - ƙasusuwa. Akwai nau'ikan iri biyu na wannan nau'in, sun girma a gida, kuma sun sha bamban sosai da juna. Nesting asplenium yana da ganyen xiphoid mai tsayi, yayin da a cikin wasu nau'o'in an kunna faranti cirfi sosai.
Ofayan mafi kyawun fasalulluƙar asplenium ita ce sabon rhizomes nata, waɗanda suke haɗaɗɗu kuma suna kama da gida a gindin daji.
Platycerium, ko Antlers (Platycerium)
Furen cikin gida Deaƙƙarfan ƙaho ko Platicerium kuma ana kiranta Piedfoot. Labari ne game da ganyayyaki, waɗanda a cikin siffarsu suna kama da ƙahonin deer. Su ne m a gindi, amma sun rarrabu a ƙarshen.
Platicerium yana da ganyayyaki iri biyu - bakararre ne da ke haifar da rarrabuwar kai, bambancinsu ya ta'allaka ne bayyanar da kuma tsarin tsarin halittar mutum. Tabarbarwa na bakin ciki suna da nau'i mai kama da fadi, kuma babban gefen kyauta yana da ikon tara humus. Ganyayyaki masu ɗaukar juna suna madaidaici kuma suna girma akan gajerun petioles, suna cikin sifofin ƙaho. Wadannan faranti suna da alhakin ƙirƙirar spores, saman su ana fentin cikin inuwa mai launin shuɗi.
Daji yana da tsari mai kauri kuma mai tsari, kuma akwai iska mai saukar ungulu, wadanda suke a matakin karamar faranti.
Curly fern na da cirrus sau biyu.
Adiantum, ko curly fern (Adiantum)
Idan kayi girma ferns a gida, to ya fi dacewa ka sayi adiantum. Wannan kyakkyawan itaciya tana da ikon ware ruwan ruwa daga ganyenta, wanda ke mirgine da irin saukad da, alhali ba ruwansu da keɓaɓɓun ba.
Shuka da kanta tayi daidai gwargwado, rassanta sun durkushe, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ya fi kyau yin girma dazuka a rataye masu shirin rataye. Fere-furen ganye biyu-na fure na adiantum form sor sor a ƙarshensu, wanda aka rufe da ƙananan gashinsa a saman.
Kula! Wannan nau'in ana yada shi ta hanyar ta da biredi da kuma ciyayi.
Pteris
Bayyanuwar wannan fern a cikin yanayin halitta yana girma a cikin yankuna masu yanayin ƙasa. Tsarin da launi na ganyen bishiyar ya canza kadan lokacin da yake girma a cikin yanayi tare da canjin yanayin daban-daban, don haka shuka ya saba da sabon wurin tsarewa.
Fern yana da matsakaiciyar kusan mil 1, kuma tsawonsu duka ya ƙunshi manyan sassan 6. Wadanda suke da kusanci ga tushen tsarin suna da ingantaccen tsarin da aka rarraba. Akwai mai yawa mai tushe a cikin mashigar tushe, don haka daji yana da matukar girma da kauri a gindi. Pteris yana da launi daban-daban da sifar da ganye, ana iya bambance su, sautin biyu, serrated ko wavy.
Pellaea (Pellaea)
Wurin haifuwar pellet shine Latin Amurka, New Zealand da Afirka. Kasancewar ganye baƙon abu ne: faranti farantin ya rabu da juna yana da isnadin mai ƙanshi a saman farjinsu. A launi na foliage ma daban-daban da sauran na ferns, yana da mai arziki duhu kore launuka da kama mai haske saboda santsi.
Lura! Isan daji yana da girma a girma, amma saboda girmansa da ɗaukakar shi, ya rama wannan koma-baya. Saboda ƙaramin statan sandarta, ana kuma kiranta dwarf fern.
Davallia wani nau'i ne mai kyau na yau da kullun daban-daban
Davallia
Hare kafafu ko davallia sanannen santsi ne na ganye da aka danko shi, yayi kama da gashin fuka-fukai. Amma mafi kyawun fasalin fasalinsa shine iska mai saukar ungulu wadanda suke sauka daga tukunyar ƙasa, suna samar da sifa mai kyau ta hanyar zomo, don girmamawa ga wanda aka yiwa lakabi da ita a cikin mutane.
Bleknum
Blehnum yana da kambi mai kama da dabino; zai iya kaiwa tsawan tsayi zuwa mita 1.2. Shuka tayi girma a hankali, sabili da haka, don ci gabanta na yau da kullun, ba a buƙatar tura jigilar shekara-shekara An tattara faranti na tsawon ganye a cikin lokacin farin ciki na Rosal. Amma ciyawar ba ta yi kama da ta pam ko tavalia ba. Petioles wanda faranti ke girma kusan ba sa ganuwa, tunda suna da ɗan ƙaramin tsawo. Fararen ganye suna daurewa ga taɓawa, idan aka matsa danna da sauri.
Fern ba shi da ma'amala a cikin barin kuma ya daidaita da kyau ga yanayin mara kyau.
Abin da yanayi ake buƙata don girma ferns na cikin gida
Kulawar fern na cikin gida da farko ta ƙunshi ƙirƙirar yanayin rayuwa mai jin daɗi. Da farko, an zaɓi wurin da zai dace don girma. Ferns ba su da ma'ana a cikin barin, amma kada ku yi haƙuri da datti iska. Ya kamata a lura da wannan darajar musamman don waɗanda suke so su sayi shuka mai kama da fern. Dakin don tabbatarwa ya kamata sabo ne, wanda za'a iya samun iska mai sauƙi a kai a kai. Zai fi kyau zaɓi wani ɗaki wanda windows ba su duba waje ba, in ba haka ba shaye shaye da hayaki da ya shiga cikinsa na iya haifar da rashi mara kyau a cikin fure: za su fara bushewa su faɗi.
Matukar san sani! Amsar ba ta buƙaci sosai game da yanayin zazzabi, tana jure yanayin zafi da ƙasa. Yanayin yanayin zafin da ya fi dacewa don abinda ke ciki shine alamomi daga +17 zuwa +25 ℃.
Guji windows a gefen kudu na gidan, kamar yadda tsire-tsire ba ya amsa da kyau don tsawan lokaci na fuskantar hasken rana kai tsaye. Abinda ya fi dacewa da ferns zai zama hasken da ke yaduwa a kan windows ko yamma windows. Amma gaskiyar cewa daji yana son inuwa ba gaskiya bane, tare da irin wannan hasken gidan yari yana rasa kyan gani na ganyayyaki kuma ya daina girma.
Kulawar Fern ya ƙunshi ƙirƙirar danshi mai kyau. Bai kamata a ba shi izinin ƙaruwa sama da kashi 60-70% ba, in ba haka ba haɗarin naman gwari ko ƙura zai ƙaru, amma bushewar iska shima cutarwa ne ga lafiyar fern. Mafi kyawun aikin don girma shine 40-60%.
Ilasa da takin
Wani mahimmin yanayin don girma ferns a gida shine ingancin ƙasa. Yana buƙatar haɗuwa ta musamman na cakuda ƙasa, saboda haka yana da kyau ga masu farawa su zaɓi shirye-shiryen abinci mai gina jiki a cikin shagunan da aka tsara musamman don tsire-tsire mai ƙanshi.
A gida, zaku iya shirya substrate da kanku, yakamata ya kunshi:
- takin ko humus (cakuda ya kamata ya zama rabin rabin hada da rotted foliage);
- sako-sako da turfy ƙasa;
- peat;
- kogin kogin;
- magudanar ruwa, wanda aka zuba a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen Layer a kan tukunyar tukunya, saboda yana iya zama: yumɓu mai yumɓu ko kwakwalwan bulo, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙyallen dutse, yashi mai kauri.
Mahimmanci! Soilasa don dasa shuki bazai ƙunshi yumɓu ba, wanda yake riƙe da danshi kuma ya rufe da naman gwari ko danshi.
Kuna iya ciyar da ciyawar tare da takin gargajiya da takin gargajiya. Wannan hanya ya kamata a yi sau biyu a wata, zai fi dacewa a cikin ruwa ruwa, narke magani a cikin ruwa. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da kwayoyin a cikin ruwa mai ruwa ta hanyar narkewar tsintsayen tsuntsaye ko mullein da ruwa. Ya kamata a aiwatar da ciyarwa ta farko da ta ƙarshe tare da taimakon kwayoyin da shirye-shiryen ma'adinai. Kada ku keta sashin da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Kulawar Shuka ya ƙunshi daidai da aiwatar da wasu ayyukan yau da kullun
Yadda ake kulawa da fern a gida
Kulawar gida na Fern ta ƙunshi aiwatar da matakan yau da kullun:
- Watse. Kada ta kasance yalwatacce kuma mai maimaituwa. Matsakaicin matsakaici na wannan hanyar shine mabuɗin don ingantaccen ci gaba na daji, ba tare da wata cuta ba tare da naman gwari ko m. A lokacin girma, yakamata a shayar dashi lokacin da saman ƙasa ya bushe zuwa zurfin santimita 2-3, a cikin hunturu yayin dormancy ana rage su zuwa sau ɗaya a wata.
- Juyawa Ana yin wannan hanyar kowace shekara a cikin bazara a farkon shekaru na 4-6 na rayuwa. Bayan wannan lokacin, sauyawa ɗaya a kowace shekara 4 ya isa. Don dasawa, zaka iya amfani da kwantena na filastik, alal misali, za su yi kyau da shuka tare da kambi mai girma.
- Yi yaƙi da cututtuka da kwari. A farkon alamar matsalar fure, ya kamata a dauki magani nan da nan. Chingaddamar da matsala yana nufin fallasa shuka zuwa mummunan haɗari, saboda wasu cututtuka ko kwarororo na iya lalata daji gaba ɗaya.
- Mai jan tsami. Ana yin wannan aikin duka don tsafta da kuma dalilai na samarda daji. A farkon lamari, ana cire ganyen magarya da harbe a kowace bazara ko kaka. Na biyu Hanyar pruning ne da za'ayi a nufin, domin ya ba da shrub wani siffar ko na bakin ciki fitar da kambi na m iri.
- Fesa. Wannan matakin yana da fa'ida ga fa'idodin ganyen daji, yayin da yake freshen fern kuma yana wanke ruwan ganye daga datti da ƙura.
Mahimmanci! Yayin aikin dasawa, ana iya yada bishiyar ta hanyar rarraba daji, ta yadda za a sabunta shi.
Don girma fure a gida, ƙirƙiri yanayi mai dacewa
Akwai bambancin tsararru na ferns girma a gida. Dukkansu sun banbanta da tsari, girma da launi. Hankalin su yayi daidai da sauƙin yin, ɗan itacen ya rayu daidai gwargwado a cikin mawuyacin yanayin. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa masu sauki da saukin yada shi. Da zarar ka sayi fern a cikin gidan, zaka iya ajiye shi na dogon lokaci, sabuntawa koyaushe da yada kanka.
