Rosa Gloria Day ita ce ɗayan manyan alamomin alaƙar baƙi. Yawancin masoya fure suna da sha'awar samun wannan nau'in a cikin gidajen su. Daidai ne a ɗauki Gloria ɗayan mafi kyawun jinsunan da aka ƙaddamar da su a ƙarni na ƙarshe.
Rana na Duniya da ya tashi (Aminci, Gioia, Rose Gloria Dei, Madame A. Meilland) - wane irin nau'in wannan ne, tarihin halitta
An haife ta ga ɗan Faransa ɗan asalin Antoine Mayian na Lyon. Shi ne wanda, a cikin prewar shekaru, bayan dogon gwaje-gwajen, ya fito da fure tare da ƙanshin zuma na ƙanshin zuma da kyawawan halaye na ado.
Tashin daji na Gloria Day
Sanarwar takaice da kuma bayanai dalla-dalla
Da farko, Mayyang ta yi amfani da 'yan shuka 750 don kiwo da sabbin furanni, wanda 50 daga cikin 50 ne kawai suka rage cikin ingantaccen zaɓi. Sakamakon aikin kiwo, an samo wani daji, yana ba da cin nasara guda 3 kacal, wanda kawai ya samu nasarar ɗaukar tushe, wanda daga baya ya zama magabataka iri-iri na Gloria Dei.
A shayi iri-iri Gloria Day janyo hankalin tare da kyau da kuma ƙanshi mai ƙanshi na fure. Blooms samfurin a ko'ina cikin kakar. Dajin yana da tsayi, ya kai tsayin mita 1.5. M harbe tare da rare kaifi spikes da m haske kore ganye. An bambanta furanni ta babban toho - har zuwa 6 cm tsayi da kuma fure mai girma, lokacin da aka buɗe, ya kai diamita na 12-15 cm.
Daga cikin masu shayarwa da masu lambu suna da sunaye da yawa - Gloria Dei, Madame Mayan, Aminci, Gioia. Baya ga kallon da aka saba, akwai kuma sigar birgewa - hawa dutsen Gloria tare da tsawan tsayi harbe har ya kai mita 2.5-3.
Hybrid Tea Bud Gloria Day
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfanin iri-iri
Ba kamar sauran nau'o'in ba, Gloria fure ba shi da ma'ana dangane da mazauninsu da kuma rashin kulawa a cikin kulawa. Babban fa'ida shine juriya ga yawancin cututtuka, musamman cututtukan fungal da rot. Daban-daban suna da kyau sosai ga yanayin yanayin matsanancin winters - yana iya sauƙaƙe sauke digo cikin zazzabi zuwa -20 ℃.
A iri-iri ne sosai yaduwa biyu ta hanyar cuttings da grafting on na ado Roships. Furanni masu fure suna da launi na musamman da ƙamshi, wanda ke canzawa kamar yadda toho ke buɗe. Daga cikin gazawa, an ɗan ɗanɗana lokacin furanni, yana farawa daga tsakiyar bazara.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Shuka mai irin wannan girma na daji yana buƙatar tsari na musamman, na mutum. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa masu zanen fili suka ba da shawarar ba shi kusurwa ta musamman na lambun domin ya jaddada kyawun fure.
Shuka tayi kyau sosai a dasa shuki wardi tare da manyan harbe-harbe, musamman idan aka tsinci furanni suka samar da layin launi, kama daga jan furanni masu launin shuɗi zuwa farare.
Rosa hawa Gloria lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman shinge yana da kyau a kan tallafi, a cikin nau'in lattice fenti fari. Irin wannan shinge ba kawai zai haifar da tushen ci gaban tsiro ba, har ma ya samar da yanki.
Kula! Lokacin yiwa alamar filayen fure, kuna buƙatar yin la’akari da girman daji da kuma samar da damar yin aiki don kowane bangare. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin pruning - wuya, harbe mai ƙarfi tare da manyan spikes suna da wuya a yanka a cikin sarari mai iyaka.
Shuka fure, yadda za a shuka a buɗe
M da Organic kasa suna dauke dace ne na wardi. Don dasa shuki, blackasa mai baƙar fata da ɗamara na peat cike da taki shima cikakke ne. Wani muhimmin yanayin don shuka fure shine wadatar hasken rana, ba tare da hakan ba wanda yake iya shakkar cewa alamomin da aka nuna a bayanin iri-iri za'a iya samu.
A wace hanya ake sauka
Don dasa shuki, ana amfani da seedlingsan seedlings a shekarun 1-2. An yarda da shi don haifar da iri ta hanyar tsaba, yanka, yankewa da kuma grafting akan furehip na kayan ado mai tushe. A kan ma'aunin masana'antu, ana amfani da hanyar dasa cuttings da kiwo ta amfani da alurar riga kafi. A cikin kananan lambuna masu fure yana da kyau a shuka itace, ko sanya shinge ko alurar riga kafi. Dilution da tsaba ana amfani dashi da wuya a yau.
Wani lokaci ne saukowa
Lokaci mai dacewa don dasa shuki ana daukar lokacin daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. Lokacin dasa shuki, yana yiwuwa a sami ciyayi mai harbi mai girma a cikin kullun, amma fure zai yi latti, zai fara a ƙarshen Yuli.
Bayani mai ban sha'awa! A lokacin dasa kaka, shuka zai sami lokacin ɗaukar tushe a cikin sabon wuri kuma a cikin bazara zai shiga lokacin cikakken ci gaba da fure.
Zaɓin wuri
Don dasa, an zaɓi yanki mai haske tare da ƙasa mai wadata. Wannan nau'in wardi, duk da haka, kamar sauran wardi, suna matukar kishin wurin. A bu mai kyau cewa wardi ba su girma kwata-kwata shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Ingantattun abubuwan iya zama almara ko asters.
Lokacin dasawa, ana kuma yin la'akari da girman daji na gaba - tsayin mita 1.2-1.5. Sabili da haka, lokacin rushe gadaje na fure, yana da kyawawa don samar da murabba'in murabba'in 2-2.5 don daji ɗaya.
Wardi suna jin daɗi a cikin wuraren rana, suna yin haƙuri da inuwa mai sauƙi a sauƙaƙe. Saukowa a cikin inuwa ya fi kyau kada a yi - wannan zai haifar da yankewa da yin jijiyoyin daji.
Fure fure
Yadda ake shirya ƙasa da furen domin shuka
Ana yin rami a inda ake dasa shuki, wanda aka shigar da cakuda takin gargajiya, peat da ƙasa mai kyau. Kafin dasa shuki, an kuɓutar da seedlingsannan daga kunshin safarar sufeto kuma tushen tushen yana wartsakewa - an yanke tushen tushe tare da almakashi na lambun, yankan kusan 0.3-0.5 cm daga cikin tushen tushe. Irin wannan kayan kwalliyar na samar da wani taimako ne don farkon ci gaba da girma.
Lokacin da shakatawa, bincika wani ɓangare na tushen, ya kamata su zama fari. Bayan wannan, soaking a cikin tushen tushen ko wani girma stimulator ne yake aikata awa 4-6.
Mataki hanyar saukarwa mataki-mataki
Kafin dasawa na kwanaki 5-7, ana bada shawara don tono sama da kwance shafin don dasa, sanya takin da jiko na takin gargajiya. Bayan haka, shafin yana mulched. A ranar dasa, rami mai saukowa na girman dama ya zo a fili kuma an shirya ƙasa don wadatarwa - cakuda peat, takin da ƙasa mai ƙima.
An zubar tudun ƙasa mai daɗi a tsakiyar ramin. An dasa seedling akan sa. Bayan shigarwa, dole ne a yada tushen zuwa bangarorin don ƙara yankin. Bugu da ari, ramin ya cika da ƙasa mai daɗi kuma ana shayar da shi.
Lokacin dasa shuki furannin fure a kan bishiyar fure, ana yin dasa ne domin ma'anar grafting shine 5-7 cm a ƙasa. Irin wannan dabarar za ta tabbatar da ci gaban Tushen daga tushe mai tushe, daga ƙarshe ta samar da tsarin tushen cikakken tsari da rage barazanar da matasan ke samu.
Kula da tsiro
Kasancewar shayi mai hade da ranar Gloria baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ba yana nufin cewa ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun ba, kamar ruwa, mulching da kayan miya.
Watering dokokin da zafi
Ka'idar mulkin shayar da fure ita ce yarda da ma'auni. Shuka ba ta son bushewa daga ƙasa, amma yana da mahimmanci don hana tsauraran ruwa. Ana ɗaukar ruwa mai ɗumi don ban ruwa. Kar a shayar da rijiyar. Fure bai yarda yayyafa - saukad da ruwa na iya haifar da ƙone akan zanen ba. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, an zaɓi yanayin shayin maraice.
Manyan miya da ingancin ƙasa
Ciyar an shirya don canjin yanayi kuma kafin farkon kowane lokacin furanni. Lokacin bazara yawanci yakan fadi ne a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, kaka a watan rabin Oktoba. Don riguna na saman bazara, gabatarwar takin gargajiya yana bada shawarar, kuma don kaka da bazara - takin ma'adinai. A cikin abincin bazara, ana amfani da takin nitrogen da humus, don phosphorus na Oktoba da takin potassium. A lokacin bazara tsakanin lokacin furanni, ana amfani da takin gargajiya.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Ana amfani da takin gargajiya ta hanyar infusions ko mafita. Karka yi amfani da taki ko rarar tsuntsaye a bushe - wannan yana haifar da lalacewar tsarin tushe.
Tashi daji
Yin daskarewa da dasawa
Lokacin girbi na lokacin, ana cire harbe mai sanyi a bazara kuma an shirya daji don ciyayi. Lokacin girki, ana cire harbe 0,5-0.7 cm daga koda. Wannan hanyar za ta sami damar farkar da kodan da ke bacci da kuma kara yawan harbe-harbe.
A lokacin tsabtace tsabtace tsabta, ana cire tsoffin harbe, wanda ke ba da izinin haɓaka sababbi.
Lokacin dasawa, ana bada shawara don tsabtace daji daga tsofaffin harbe da kuma sabunta tushen saiti. Juyawar jikin itace mafi yawanci ana yin shi a tsakiyar Afrilu da a cikin Oktoba, saboda kafin farkon yanayin sanyi shuka ya sami nasarar mayar da tushen sa.
Siffofin hunturu fure
Bayan girbi na kaka kafin farkon babban yanayin sanyi, ana bada shawarar rufe shuka da rassan spruce ko bambaro. Don hunturu masu tsayi, ana bada shawara don yin tsari daga agrofiber, wanda zai kare wardi daga iska da sanyi. A yankuna inda zazzabi ya sauka ƙasa -20 ℃, ya kamata a yi shinge don hunturu.
Gudun wardi
Ba kamar sauran nau'in halitta ba, Gloria ya tashi fure a ɗan ɗan lokaci kaɗan fiye da yadda aka saba, saboda haka, ba shi da daraja ƙarfafa farkon lokacin furanni.
Lokaci na aiki da hutawa
A lokacin girma, lokacin aiki yana hawa da sauka. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa fure a kowace kakar yana da matsakaita na lokutan fure uku: Yuni-Yuli, Agusta, Satumba. Lokacin hutawa bayan lokacin bazara ya fara a cikin rabin na biyu na Oktoba kuma zai kasance har zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu.
Blooming toho
Kula a lokacin da bayan fure
A lokacin furanni, ana yarda da tsabtace tsabtace daji da kuma kayan miya a kai. Ana yin gyaran tsabtace tsabtatawa don farfado da kodan, harba haɓaka da cire bushe mai tushe.
Ana aiwatar da sutura mai tsayi tsakanin fure ta hanyar kara hanyoyin magance kwayoyin halitta. Bayan ƙarshen fure, an ba da izinin cire toho don hana bayyanar 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Abin da za a yi idan ba a yi fure ba, zai iya haifar da dalilai
Idan daji bai jefa fure ba kwata-kwata, wannan na nuna cewa duk da ciyawar da tsirrai basu fito daga lokacin dormant ba. Don "farka" da shuka, ya zama dole don yanke sassa na sama na harbe a nesa na 0.5 cm daga girman girma.
Dalili na biyu na jinkirtawa a cikin fure wardi na iya zama rashin nasara cuta. A wannan yanayin, an ba da shawarar aiwatar da magani tare da shirye-shiryen hadaddun kuma yin miya babba.
Yabon fure
Ana yin gyaran ne ta hanyar girma daga zuriya, ƙwaya, yanka da grafting grafts a kan dogrose. Kimanin shekaru 1-1.5, yayin tasirin ya kai kawai 30-40%.
Lura! A lokacin da girma bushes daga cuttings, zaka iya samun daji daji na 1 shekara.
Lokacin da aka samar
Ana girbe tsaba a ƙarshen kakar lokacin da 'ya'yan itacun suka bayyana a maimakon farkon' ya'yan itacen. Bayan bushewa da iri iri, ana shuka shi cikin kwantena a cikin tsakiyar Maris. Ana sa ran Seedlings a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Girbi na cuttings ana yi ne bayan lokacin farko na farkon watan Yuni-Yuli.
Lura! Rooting yakan daina zuwa ƙarshen makonni 4 ko a tsakiyar watan Agusta.
An kafa layuka a watan Yuni, wanda ya zuwa Oktoba daji ya shirya don juyawa tare da tsarin tushen al'ada.
Inoculation na wardi zai fi kyau a Yuli-Agusta, wannan shine mafi dacewa lokacin da aka yanke jarirai na wardi a kan kwatangwalo.
Cikakken bayanin
Don tushen tushe, ana zaɓan tsummoki 8-10 cm tsayi tare da rayayyun ƙira na 5-7 da kodan. Ana yin aikin kai tsaye a wurin saukarwa, tare da zurfin ƙananan ƙanƙan 4-5 a cikin ƙasa. Bayan wannan, rike da aka shayar da shi sosai kuma an rufe shi da gilashi. A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, bayan ranakun 21-28, wani kyakkyawan saurayi ya bayyana.
Yankunan da aka shimfiɗa a kan matasa harbe a cikin watan Yuni. Don hanzarta tushen tushen a kan shoot, an yanke buds. An tura harbi a ƙasa don a sami ɓangaren santimita 10 - 10 cm a ƙarƙashin ɓangaren ƙasa .. An shirya saman harbi a tsaye a kan goyon baya. An zubar da ƙasa mai zurfi na 10 cm 10 10 akan madaidaicin yanki .. Wani karamin daji zai shirya don dasawa a cikin bazara.
Lura! Ana ba da allurar rigakafin a watan Yuli-Agusta watan. Don yin wannan, ana ɗaukar karamin yaro tare da wani shinge na itace kimanin tsayi cm 3. An yi yanka da haushi a yayin harbi na fure, inda aka saka koda. An gyara wurin rigakafin tare da tef ko tef. Shortan guntun tsattsage yana ɗanɗana 2-3 cm sama da ƙodan kuma an sarrafa shi ta hanyar gonar var.
Cututtuka, kwari da hanyoyi don magance su
Apa apan itace aphids, thrips, nematodes, da gizo-gizo fata sune mafi haɗari ga tsirrai. Lokacin da alamun lalacewar daji ta hanyar kwari suka bayyana, ana yi magani nan da nan tare da maganin kwari. Powdery mildew, tsatsa, fungal cututtuka na fure da wuya a shafa. Amma idan akwai lalacewa, ana bada shawara cewa shuka ta kula da shirye-shiryen hadaddun don kare kan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta.
Kulawa da waɗannan dokoki masu sauƙi don kulawa da shuka, zaka iya samun kyakkyawan fure na fure wanda zai faranta mai shi fiye da shekara guda. Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ce Gloria ya kamata ya kasance cikin tarin kowane mutun-mutunta na son kai.
