Lywararrun korenya koriya ta ɗan'uwan mambobi ne na dangin Sinyukhov. Wannan irin tsiro ne wanda ake shukawa a cikin Rasha a matsayin shuka shekara-shekara. Manya-manyan furanni masu tsire-tsire masu ɗamara ido suna kyan gida ko lambun. Koda za'a iya farfado da shimfidar wuri mara izini tare da reshen kobe guda ɗaya. Wannan zanen kudu yana amfani dashi ta hanyar masu zanen fili a duniya.
Abubuwan shuka
A cikin yanayi, fure kobe yana girma a Peru da Mexico. An samo sunanta da girmamawa ga malamin Barnaba Kobo, wanda yake ƙaunar kimiyyar halitta kuma ya yi nazarin yanayin halittar ƙasa. Farkon ambaton ɗan shuka ya koma ƙarshen ƙarni na 18. Yanzu ana amfani dashi don shinge shimfidar wurare da ƙirƙirar shinge.
Flowering kobei
A cikin yanayin halitta, ana samun tsire-tsire na kobe a Kudancin Amurka. Daga sauran wakilan wannan dangi, an rarrabe shi da haɓaka mai sauri na harbe. Tsarin tushe mai ƙarfi na shuka ya ƙunshi babban adadin rassan fibrous.
Tsawon kara zai iya kaiwa mita shida ko fiye.
Furen perennial yana da ganyayyaki-pinnate ganye shirya dabam. Kowannensu ya kasu kashi uku. A ƙarshen, ganye ya zama kunkuntar kuma yayi kama da eriya. Su ne suke taimaka wa kobe ya nemi taimakon kusa don ya kai wani tsawan da rana take. A cikin gandun daji, wannan ya zama dole don tsira.
M Kobe Bells
Furen kobei yana da siffar babban kararrawa. Duddirinsa na iya kaiwa zuwa cm 8. Furen furanni na asali an haɗe shi da tushe tare da shinge mai ƙarfi. Suna nan cikin gungun mutane ko kuma waƙaƙa. Sai kawai ka ga fure kobe, zaka iya fahimtar menene, kuma ka yaba da kyawun daji.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Ana haɗe tsaba a cikin akwati da aka rufe da fata mai ɗorewa. Su ne m, a kan balaga da suka saya da launin ruwan kasa tint. Bayan ganye sun fito daga kanti, toho yana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, kuma idan ya yi fure, sai ya zama dusar ƙanƙara-fari ko shunayya.
Shahararrun nau'ikan
Daga cikin nau'ikan 9 na Cobaea da aka sani da ilimin kimiyya, guda ɗaya ne kawai ke girma a Rasha - hawan ko hawa mai rarrafe iri iri.
An bambanta Creeping kobe ta ganyensa daban-daban da manyan furanni masu kararrawa wadanda ke fitar da warin tart musky. Kobeya yana girma sosai da sauri, wanda yake da kyau ga ɗan gajeren lokacin rani a tsakiyar Rasha.
Masu zanen kaya suna yin amfani da fure mai dumbin yawa a cikin shimfidar wurare. Mafi mashahuri nau'in kobei:
- Alba Yana da manyan furanni fari waɗanda ke rataye da kyau.
- Tsar Bell. Furen furanni masu laushi suna faranta wa ido rai, daga tsakiyar lokacin bazara zuwa ga tsananin sanyi.
- Karrarawa na Cathedral. Furanni suna da yawa, shunayya. Ana ci gaba da tafiya har zuwa lokacin sanyi na farko.
- Colando. Wannan nau'in yana da manyan furanni masu launin shuɗi-violet tare da doguwar pestle suna kallon filayen. Shuka itace thermophilic, saboda haka kuna buƙatar dasa shi a rana.
- Amazon Yana da itacen zaitun mai lush, wanda ya kai tsawon mita 4. Furen wannan kobe yana da shunayya, yana farantawa ido tsawon watanni.
Ta hanyar seedling
Hanya mafi gama gari don girma kobe shine iri. Amma novice lambu sau da yawa fuskantar matsalar germination, tun da iri gashi ne quite lokacin farin ciki, kuma sprouts ba zai iya ko da yaushe karya ta da shi.
Experiwararrun masu girbe furanni suna narkar da kwasfa a cikin ruwa sannan a tsaftace kayan mucous ɗin daga fargaban tsaba. Tsarin aiki:
- Bayan sun ɗora ƙwanin a kasan ganga don kada su taɓa juna, suna cike da ruwa talakawa an rufe su da murfi.
- Bayan rabin sa'a, an cire maɓallin da ke cikin duhu.
- Idan ya cancanta, ana maimaita hanyar sau da yawa har sai an shafe murfin gaba ɗaya.
Wannan matakin shiri ne na samun tsiro kobe daga zuriya, namo wanda ba mai wahala bane musamman. Bayan bawo, kayan dasa suna shirye don dasawa.
Plantan itace mai shuka
Tsarin girma seedlings yana farawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris. Kowane iri an shuka shi nan da nan a cikin akwati na daban. Wannan yana nisantar da tsamin da kobe bai yarda da shi ba. Duk wata ƙasa daga shagon ya dace da dasa. An sanya tsaba a farfajiya na kasar gona tare da yayyafa su tare da bakin ciki na substrate. Idan an aiwatar da tsabtatawa na farko, to, seedlings na farko zai bayyana cikin makonni biyu. In ba haka ba, zai dauki wani lokaci kafin a jira 'yan' ya 'ya' din.
Lokacin da ganye na biyu na ganye ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire, ya kamata a dasa su cikin kwantena masu fili. Zai fi kyau don canja wurin tsire-tsire tare da dunƙule na dunƙule, don kada su keta mutuncin tushen tsarin kuma ba da damar seedlings su yi ƙarfi da sauri. Ko da don irin wannan kankanin kobe, ana buƙatar ajiyar waje da aka yi da filastik ko itace. Don wannan tsani da ake kira tsani, tsirrai za ta manne wa eriya.
Mahimmanci! Ga samuwar lafiya harbe, da shi wajibi ne don gudanar da hardening na seedlings. Don wannan, ana ɗaukar kwantena a cikin sararin sama. Idan baranda ta yi birgima, to, zaku iya barin ta a daren.
Bayan makonni uku, hawa kobeya, namo wanda ba shi da wahala sosai, zai kasance cikin shiri don dasawa a cikin ƙasa. Zai fi kyau a yi haka idan sanyi ya ƙare. Seedlings iya wuya jure wa m dasawa, don haka a farkon zamanin za ku ji saka idanu da yanayin.
Kobeya: saukowa da kulawa a cikin tudun ƙasa (hanya mara kyau)
Ba'a ba da shawarar yin fure a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar Rasha ba, tunda ba za su sami lokacin girma su yi ƙarfi da girma a cikin lokaci ba. Shuka ya inganta mafi kyau daga seedlings girma akan sills taga, amma wasu lambu girma kobe furanni a kan gado a cikin peat Allunan.
A cikin kaka, ana adana ɓauren matasa a cikin ɗaki tare da zazzabi kusan 5-8 ° C. A cikin bazara, ana iya sake dasa su a cikin ƙasa ba tare da cutar da asalinsu ba. A harbe Bloom da yawa a baya fiye da kobe, dasa da kuma kula da wanda aka za'ayi a cikin hunturu. Matsalar wannan hanyar ita ce buƙatar kulawa da kulawa akai-akai game da yanayin shuka. Kada su wuce gona ko mutu saboda karancin ruwa.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Baya ga hanyar iri, yana yiwuwa a yi girma kobe tare da taimakon cut. An yanke su daga tsire-tsire waɗanda aka kawo don hunturu zuwa gidan. Ana amfani da yashi na danshi don dasawa. Matasa harbe ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar Mayu, lokacin da ya rigaya ya bushe. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar cimma fure a baya. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin, lokacin da kobe blooms, tsari ba shi da kyau sosai.
Shuka tsiro ta hanyar yanke
Siffofin aikin lambu
Lokacin dasa shuki tsire-tsire zuwa wurin, dole ne a zaɓi wurin da yakamata tare da ƙasa mai wadatar ma'adinai. Wani yanayin shine kariya daga iska mai sanyi, lambar sadarwar da kobe ke da wahalar ɗauka. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi sasanniyan duhu na shafin. Nisa tsakanin bushes yakamata ya zama akalla cm 50. Kafin dasa shuki, an zuba cakuda humus-peat a cikin rami na dasa shuki, kuma bayan wannan an zartar da seedling tare da dunƙule na ƙasa. Don kuma tushe don samun goyon baya, ya kamata a gina birgima na musamman ko shinge kusa da nan.
Idan akwai yiwuwar yin sanyi, a wani lokaci a cikin bushes an rufe shi da kayan sutura. Daga baya aka buɗe su don samar da damar yin amfani da hasken rana.
Watering ne da za'ayi a tsare. Intensarfinsa ya dogara da tsarin zafin jiki na yankin.
Mahimmanci! A cikin ƙasa mara ruwa, Tushen tsire-tsire na iya jujjuyawa, musamman idan akwai rashin hasken.
Kuna buƙatar fara ciyar da kobe lokacin da seedlings suka bayyana. Don yin wannan, ana shayar da su da maganin warkewa. Wajibi ne a yi hakan, kuma idan suka girma da sauri. Don haɓaka al'ada, ana buƙatar amfani da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa sau ɗaya a mako. Lokacin yanke shawarar abin da kuma don ciyar da kobe, mutum bai manta ba game da karuwar buƙatar fure don potassium da phosphorus a farkon fure.
Baya ga kayan miya, don haɓaka na al'ada, liana tana buƙatar kwance ƙasa daga tushen da kawar da ciyawa.
A kan kwanakin zafi, ban da ruwa, dole ne a yayyafa harbe-ruwa da ruwa. Zuwa Bloom ya kasance abin alfahari, ana aiwatar da ayyukan masu zuwa:
- yankan katako mai lalacewa;
- pinching tsayi da yawa;
- canja wurin mai tushe wanda ya fadi zuwa ƙasa akan goyan baya.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
A watan Oktoba, an yanke dogon lobe na kobei, kuma an toshe wani akwati da ke auna 20 cm da dunƙule na ƙasa tare da asalinsu. Bayan an shigar da ragowar tsire a cikin akwati, ana aika shi zuwa ɗakin sanyi don ɗan lokaci na hutawa (har sai an yi bazara).
Kula! A kudancin gundumar Rasha, ana iya adana kobe a cikin ƙasa buɗe, idan an rufe shi da humus na ruɓaɓɓen ruɓaɓɓen.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Kobeya yana da kyan gani musamman idan yana fure. Launin manyan furannin ellawan rawaya mai haske ne. Su ma suna zuwa a cikin farin giya. Fulawa yana faruwa a farkon Yuli kuma yana iya wucewa har zuwa lokacin sanyi na fari. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, furen ya tsage ne kawai daga ƙasa tare da tushen ko canja shi zuwa tukwane na gida.
Canje-canje a cikin kulawar fure
Duk da yake kobe da yake a cikin fure, wilted buds bukatar a cire, da kuma sabon harbe daura to goyon baya. Hakanan, yakamata a shayar da shuka a kai a kai, a ciyar da takin ƙasa mai rikitarwa da ƙara ash a ƙasa. Idan ya zama dole cewa kobe yana da ƙarin ganye, an ciyar dashi da takin nitrogen.
Kula! Ciyar da takin mai magani mai yawa na ƙara haɓaka ganye, amma fure ya zama ƙasa.
Of musamman hadari ga wannan na ado al'adu ne wanda bai bi ka'ida ko doka ba ne da kuma ƙara ƙasa danshi. Saboda wannan, Tushen ke lalacewa ta hanyar rot. Alamar farko ta cutar ita ce duhu a jikin ganye.
Adon gida a waje
A matsayin matakan kariya, ya wajaba don sarrafa zafin ban ruwa, aiwatar da loosening na ƙasa a tushen kuma cire wuraren da abin ya shafa. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta mawuyacin hali, an dasa shuka gaba ɗaya. Dole ne a kula da irin wannan daji kamar haka:
- cire rhizomes mara lalacewa;
- yanka mai tushe zuwa matakin 30-40 cm;
- bi da su tare da kayan aikin kariya;
- sake shukawa, amma a wani wuri daban.
Daga kwari, furen ya shafa da aphids da ticks. Don kawar da su, ya isa a sarrafa harbe tare da maganin sabulu kore da Fitoverm. Sauya wannan ingantaccen kayan aiki tare da taimakon fleas ga dabbobi.
Girma kobe hawa a cikin lambu abu ne mai sauqi. Babban abu shi ne a kula da kyau sosai a shuka kuma kar a manta da yin ruwa da ciyar da kan lokaci idan kobe yana cikin fure. Liana, wanda aka dasa tare da kayan fure, za su canza shafin sosai.
