Furewa na ciki - matasan geranium. Dukkanin shuka da kulawa

Geranium na kirji shi ne tsire-tsire mai suna wanda yake girma a gida. A cikin kulawa da kulawa akwai picky, amma don amfanin gona mai yawa da tsawo, dole ne ku bi wasu yanayi da bukatun. Wannan talifin zai gaya maka game da mafi yawan sha'anin matasan geraniums, game da tsarin dasa, game da kulawa da kwari da cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya barazana ga shuka.

Bayanan Botanical da tarihin

Geranium na kirji shi ne tsire-tsire mai sanyi da bayyanar wani shrub. Furen yana gida ne ga Afirka ta Kudu, inda akwai yanayi daban-daban: Ruman ruwa, na wurare masu zafi, tsaka-tsakin yanayi, tsinkaye.

Tarihin asali na geranium matasan ba a fahimta ba. An sani kawai a cikin karni na 17, masu masaukin ruwa sun fara sha'awar wannan al'ada kuma sun fara zuwa Turai sannan kuma zuwa Rasha.

Bayyanar

Kwancen da ke tattare da matasan geranium shi ne cewa zai iya daukar nauyin tabarau: daga farar fata zuwa farar fata. Kuma dukkanin sautukanta suna ƙyatarwa. Mafi mashahuri shi ne launuka masu zuwa na buds:

• ruwan hoda;
• m;
• blue

Taimako! Ganye za a iya yaduwa, palmarine-dissected da pinnate. Tsawan daji ya kai 20-60 cm.

Popular iri

Patricia

Yana da inji ba shi da kyau a kulawa, kuma tsawo ya kai 60 cm. Flowering faruwa a rabin rabin Yuni. Girman siffar geranium yana kama da hemisphere. Inflorescences na kananan size.

Muna kiran ka ka duba bidiyon game da Patricia Geranium:

Bikin jini

Wannan yanayin al'adu ne mai sanyi. Furen suna da banbanci kuma suna da launi mai launin ruwan hoda. Kodayake zaka iya ganin geraniums tare da zane mai launin shudi da m. Takaddun takarda ko tayi. Tsire-tsire na tsawon lokaci, daga May zuwa Satumba. Tsawan daji shine 50-60 cm.

Muna kiran ku ku duba bidiyon game da geranium na Blood:

Roseanna

Yana da an shuka shuka ta hanyar masu furanni saboda rashin amfani, tsayi mai tsawo, tsayi zuwa cututtuka da kwari, har ma ga hunturu hunturu. Tare da kulawa kadan, Rosanna blooms daga marigayi May har zuwa farkon sanyi a watan Oktoba.

Muna kiran ka ka duba bidiyo game da geranium Rosanna:

Starman

Tsawon wannan shuka ya kai 50 cm, launi na furanni yana da m tare da burins. Ganye suna tasowa ko pinnate. Tsawan daji ya kai 30 cm.

Inda kuma yadda ake shuka shi?

Yayin da kake girma da matasan geranium, kana buƙatar tunani game da wuri na dasa.. Ya kamata a yi kyau, amma mafi alhẽri daga penumbra.

1. Kafin dasa shuki da tsire-tsire suna buƙatar yin kananan rami a kan ƙasa wanda ya sa cakuda yashi, ƙasa da peat, dauka a daidai rabbai.
2. Bayan an dasa shuka a cikin wuri kuma za a binne, ba tare da raguwa ba.
3. A farkon kwanaki 2-3 bayan dasa shuki, dole ne a shayar da geranium sau da yawa.

Haske da wuri

A lokacin da girma da matasan geranium, zabi wuri mai kyau. A gida, windows na wurare na yamma da gabas cikakke ne. A lokacin rani, ana iya cire shuka a kan titi, baranda ko terrace. Idan kana da fure a gefen kudu, to, a rana za ku kula da shading.

Bukatun shara

Hyranid geranium ke tsiro da kyau kuma ya tasowa a cikin ƙasa mai kyau kuma mai tsabta tare da tsaka tsaki pH. Da abun da ke ciki na kwakwalwar ƙasa ya kamata ya haɗa da irin waɗannan abubuwa:

• turf ƙasa;
• peat;
• humus;
• yashi

Dukkanin abubuwan da aka ƙaddara a daidai rabbai.

Yadda ake kulawa?

Yanayin yanayin zafi

A lokacin rani Geranium na fi son zafi mai zafi, don haka zafin jiki ya zama digiri na Celsius 23-23. Idan zafin jiki ya tsaya a cikin digiri 12, to, geranium ba ta yi girma ba. Ko da yake ma high zazzabi adversely rinjayar flowering.

Watering

Hyranid geranium ne tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, saboda haka ya fi kyau kada ku zubar da zubar. Watering a lokacin rani don yi a matsayin bushewa na saman Layer na ƙasa. A lokacin hunturu, an yi amfani da humidification sosai, amma ba zai iya kawo ƙasa ta bushe ba. Yi amfani dashi don shayar dumi da rabuwa.

Top dressing

Yi abinci don geranium zai fi dacewa da kowane ban ruwa, kawai rage sashi. Idan ka shayar da fure a kowace rana, to sai a raba kashi 7-10 na mako daya na ciyarwa. A cikin hunturu, ba'a buƙatar taki. A cikin bazara akwai wajibi ne don amfani da mahadi dauke da nitrogen.

Taimako! Matasan shuke-shuke da ba su riga sun yi ba, sun dace da shirye-shirye na duniya. Kafin farawa na furanni, amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban taro na potassium.

Pruning

Bayan an kammala shuka, sai a yanke pruning, sakamakon abin da ake yankewa apical cuttings da kuma amfani dashi. Ana biyan da yanke tare da fungicide, yafa masa tare da carbon carbon activated. Tsohon ganye, wanda ya kasance a kan shuka, bazai bukatar a cire yet, kuma jira har sai matasa harbe fara girma.

Cututtuka na kowa da kwari

Wadannan cututtuka da kwari sun shafi matasan geraniums:

• Gishiri mai laushi. Wannan shine daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi hatsari, wanda za'a iya gane shi ta fuskar launin launin toka a kan ganye da sauran sassa na flower. Rashin ruwa, damuwa, rashin iska na iska yana iya rinjayar cutar. Yawancin launin launin toka yana kafa a lokacin hutu na hunturu. Ba za a iya samun ceto a cikin tsire-tsire ba, don haka dole ne a kawar da shi, kuma ya kamata a raba ƙasa.
• Rust. Zaka iya gane shi ta hanyar launin rawaya da ƙananan launin ruwan kasa a kan takardar takarda.
• Rotting stalk. Yana faruwa a sakamakon sakamako mai laushi. Bayyana wata cuta a cikin nau'i na gurguwar duhu a tushe na tushe.
• Verticillary wilting. Wannan mummunan cututtuka ne wanda zai lalace tsarin tsarin na shuka. Differs a cikin grading yellowing da withering wani shuka, ba ya zuwa ga magani.
• Farin tashi. Lokacin sayen shuka, dole ne ka binciki sashin ɓangaren ƙananan leaf don duba launin fata na fata ko kuma larvae.
• Mealybug. Wannan kwari yana fita cikin rassan ganyayyaki da a kan rassan ɓauren da ke kama da nau'i na fata.

Muna gayyace ka ka duba bidiyon game da kwari na geranium:

Muna gayyace ka ka duba bidiyo game da cututtukan geranium:

Hanyoyin kiwo

Geranium samfurin ya samo asali a hanyoyi uku.: tsaba, cututtuka da raga na daji.

Tsaba

Wannan hanya mai kwarewa shine mafi wuya da kuma lokacin cinyewa. Amfani da shi, geranium ya rasa halaye iri-iri, don haka shayarwa sukan yi amfani da yaduwar iri.

Hanyar:

1. Shirya sabbin hatsi, kamar yadda ake tanada ajiya na tsawon lokaci, sun rasa rassan su.
2. Don tattara tsaba, wajibi ne a shirya kananan ƙananan zane da kunsa da inflorescence. Saboda wannan hanyar tattara tsaba zai kasance a cikin mutunci kuma ba yadawa ba.
3. Wajibi ne a shuka shuka a watan Agusta ko Nuwamba.
4. Shuka tsaba a cikin tukunya ko akwati cike da ƙasa mai kyau.
5. Bayan haka, ka rufe akwati da filastik kuma saita shi a dakin dumi.
6. Kula da seedlings kunshi watering da airing.
7. Da zarar an kafa ganye 3, ana iya dasa shuka a cikin tukunya.
8. Idan kun shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, sai ku yi shi a Afrilu.

Raba daji

Wannan hanya ita ce mafi sauki kuma mafi yawanta, saboda yana ba ka damar ba sabon rayuwa zuwa sabon shuka da kuma sabunta tsohon abu.

Dole ne a yi raga na rhizomes a farkon spring ko marigayi rani. Don yin wannan, a hankali cire shuka, mayar da hankalin kan ci gaban buds. Idan sun kasance cikin yanayin al'ada, ya kamata su kasance mai yawa, ba tare da juyawa da bushewa ba. Raba daji cikin sassa da yawa, girgiza tsohuwar ƙasa daga asalinsu kuma dasa tsire-tsire dabam.

Cuttings

Wannan hanya kuma mai ban sha'awa ne da rashin rikitarwa.

Hanyar:

1. A kai 2-3 matasa harbe tare da ganye daga balagagge daji.
2. Sanya kayan da ke cikin gilashin ruwa kuma su bar wuri mai dumi.
3. Bayan makonni 3, cuttings zasuyi tushe, bayan haka za'a iya dasa su a cikin tukwane.
4. Ba za ku iya jira ba lokacin da aka kafa asalinsu, kuma ku bi da su da wani bayani na musamman don girma da ƙasa a ƙasa.

Hyranid geranium na da kyakkyawan shuka wanda ya dace ba kawai don girma a cikin tukunya ba, har ma don bude ƙasa. Don yin wannan, yana da mahimmanci don kula da zafi mafi kyau, zafin jiki kuma a kula da fure.