Gloxinia wani ganye ne mai kyau na iyali Gesnerievyh. Haɗarsu ita ce gandun daji na yankuna na Kudu da Tsakiya. A cikin latitudes, wannan yana daya daga cikin tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Yana da ladabi, mai wuya, saboda haka ma masu shiga suna shiga cikin noma. Ƙararrun 'yan tsire-tsire masu furewa suna tsunduma cikin kiwo sabon hybrids wanda ya bayyana a zahiri kowace shekara. Mafi sau da yawa, ana yin gwaje-gwaje a kan terryin terry - mafi kyaun nau'in shuka, wanda ma'anar Yesenia iri ɗaya ne.
Alamun Gloxinia "Yesenia": bayanin da fasali
"Esenia" - sunan sunan labaran samari na Holland. Da iri-iri na da nau'i mai kyau da ƙananan petioles. Kodayake, idan kun ba shi kulawa mai kyau, zai iya kai har tsawon 30 cm. Furen suna da girma sosai, suna da siffar fure, wanda aka kafa daga tayi guda biyu. Ina fata fata mai launin fata ko launin fata. Amma idan aka bude, wata iyaka mai haske ta bayyana a gefuna na petals. Gloxinia "Yesenia" yana da halaye na kansa na iri-iri - yana da kyau sosai kuma na dogon lokaci.
Shin kuna sani? Na dogon lokaci, tare da sunan "Gloxinia", kalmar nan "synningia" an yi amfani dashi azaman synonym. Duk da haka, tun shekara ta 2012, an rarraba karshen wannan hanyar ta hanyar zaman kanta. Dalilin wannan yanke shawara shine bambance-bambance a cikin tushen tsarin shuke-shuken. Sinningia yana samar da tsari a karkashin kasa, yayin da gloxinia ya ba da damar rhizome, wani tsararren rhizome. Amma a wasu ƙasashe, ana ganin Gloxinia a matsayin lambu, kuma na biyu - nau'in halitta ne.
Gaba ɗaya, '' Yesenia '' gloxinia '' yana da kwatancin irin wannan tare da wasu iri. Bambancinsa shine bambancin furanni mai ban mamaki. Hannun halinsa suna da halayyar jinsuna.
Idan ka'idojin kiyayewa sun ɓata, ƙananan furanni sun bushe, ƙwayar ba ta samar da sababbin buds ba.
Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da dasa shuki terry gloxinia
Tsaida shirin don farkon bazara. A wannan lokacin, ba a kafa sabon harbe akan tuber ba. Don dasa shuki shuke-shuke dauka karamin tukwane na filastik ko yumbu.
Haske haske da zafin jiki
Kayan yana son haske, amma ya warwatse. Zai fi kyau a nuna shi a ɗaki mai dumi a yamma ko gabas. Saboda haka da safe da maraice, hasken hasken rana ba zai cutar da ita ba, kuma a wata rana zata sami isasshen haske.
Idan ba zai yiwu a guje wa gefen kudancin ba, wajibi ne don boye furanni na ciki na gloxinia daga hasken rana mai hadarin gaske, in ba haka ba za a ƙone ƙananan rafuka kuma a rufe su da launin ruwan kasa.
Saboda haka, an bada shawarar a rataya takarda, takarda, layi na biyu na safan sauro a kan taga.
Gidan yana jin dadi a cikin daki mai mahimmanci, musamman a lokutan zafi. Yanayin mafi haɗari shine baranda rufe a rana mai zafi. A irin waɗannan yanayi, injin ya sauke buds, ya bushe a kanta kuma ya fadi. Yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don motsawa cikin ɗakin ba, amma har ma ya karfafa katako da kanta. Amma a lokaci guda kauce wa samfuri da canje-canje a cikin yanayin zafi.
Gloxinia "Esenia" yana da siffofi na shuka da ke buƙatar dogon rana - akalla 14 hours a rana.
Sabili da haka, idan hasken rana bai ishe ta ba, to ya kamata a haskaka shuka tare da fitilar fitila. Musamman idan ya zo ga matasa shuke-shuke ko seedlings girma daga tsaba. Don yin wannan, amfani da fitilun Lissafi da daidaitattun tushe ko hasken fitilu.
Bukatun shara
Bayyana kome game da dakin gloxinia, wajibi ne don kula da ƙasa. Don tsire-tsire masu dacewa da ƙwayoyin violets, wanda za'a saya a kowane kantin kayan ado. Amma zaka iya dafa shi da kanka.
Don yin wannan, haɗa waɗannan hadewa:
- wani ɓangare na humus leafy;
- wani ɓangare na takardar ƙasa;
- wani ɓangare na kogin yashi;
- biyu sassa na peat;
- guda biyu na turf ƙasa.
Ya kamata kasar gona ta sami raunin acid din pH = 5.5 - 6.5. Amma dole mu tuna cewa a karshen kakar wasa ta yawanci yana da babban abun cikin gishiri, saboda haka dole ne a canza kowane kakar.
Ana iya amfani da kwakwa na kwakwa, amma yawanci yana da dan kankanin alkaline ko tsaka tsaki. Don gyara acidity, an sanya nau'i na yankakken haushi barkatai zuwa shi.
Yana da muhimmanci! A ƙarshen Satumba, an shirya shuka don hutawa hunturu. Yadda ake girma gloxinia a wannan lokacin? Dole a rage watering zuwa sau ɗaya sau ɗaya, dakatar da amfani da takin mai magani. A cikin wata daya, dukkan bangarorin ƙasa ya kamata su mutu. Sa'an nan ana tsabtace tukunya a wuri mai sanyi (10 - 15 ° C) na tsawon watanni 4. Za a iya cire Tuber daga tukunya, boye a gansakuka ko sawdust kuma a ajiye shi har sai Fabrairu. A tsakiyar hunturu, an dasa shi cikin sabo ne, ƙasa mai sauƙi, yanayin zafi yana tashe, kuma watering yana farawa.
Shuka fasaha gloxinia "Esenia"
Yanke shawarar yadda za'a dashi a cikin gida yana farawa da zabar tukunya mai kyau. Tsire-tsire yana buƙatar wani abu mai zurfi, amma girman iyawa. Yawancin lokaci sukan dauki tukunya iri ɗaya, amma idan tubers sunyi girma, yana da daraja a ɗauka mafi girma.
Dole ne a layi tsagewa a kasa, kuma ba a bada yumbu. Yana da kyau a dauki nauyin ruwan inabi gwangwani, kumfa.
Shin kuna sani? Wasu masu bada shawara suna bada shawarar ƙara zuwa ƙasa a matsayin mai rushewa a cat wanda ya ƙunshi zeolite. An hade su tare da ƙasa a cikin rabo na 1: 5. Wannan yana ƙaruwa da damar yaduwar ƙasa kuma bai yarda da shi ya tsaya tare ba.
Tambayar da ake sassaukarwa ta buƙaci a binne tushen a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ta rabi, tun da zurfin dasawa zai ba da daya shoot, wanda za a yi manyan ganye, kuma injin zai rasa sakamako na ado. Lokacin da aka dasa shi kyau, wani yaro ya ba da harbe biyu, da kuma tsufa - har zuwa biyar.
Yadda za a kula da "Yesenia"
Ana daukan ingancin ba tare da la'akari ba, don haka za ku iya jimre da shi, har ma da mafi yawan ilmi a floriculture.
Watering shuke-shuke
Gloxinia na buƙatar buƙatar ruwa mai yawa, musamman ma a lokacin tsawon girma da flowering. Amma tabbatar cewa a lokacin wannan hanya, ruwa baya fada a kan ganye da matasa. Saboda haka, yana da kyau don amfani da hanyar hawan ban ruwa.
Tabbatar cewa ruwa ba shi da ƙasa a cikin ƙasa. Lokacin da ta bushe daga sama, dole ne a jira kamar wasu kwanakin nan kuma bayan da wannan ruwa ya sake sakewa. Dole ne a tsarkake ruwa, ba tare da chlorine ba kuma kadan kadan fiye da yawan zafin jiki. Musamman mawuyacin gaske shine ruwan sanyi lokacin da aka samu buds da furanni. Kusa zuwa kaka, watering an rage hankali, shirya shuka don tsawon hunturu dormancy.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wani lokaci a cikin rassan shuka ba ya bushe ko da bayan karshen flowering. Sa'an nan kuma dole ne ya ƙare ƙarancin watering, sanya a wuri mai sanyi. Lokacin da ya ƙare, yanke kuma bar zuwa tsakiyar hunturu.
A lokacin girma, ana ba da shuka da isasshen iska mai zafi - kimanin 70 - 80%. Amma a lokaci guda don yin amfani da furewa yana da damuwa ga shuka.
Zaka iya magance matsalar ta hanyar ajiye tukunya a kusa da akwatin kifaye ta wurin ajiye akwati da ruwa ko yumbu mai yaduwa a gaba da shi.
Ƙasa gona
Bayan dasa shuki shuke-shuke na gina jiki yana da kimanin watanni daya da rabi, bayan haka dole ka fara ciyarwa. Ana amfani da takin mai magani don "Yesenia" na gloxinia kamar sauran flowerplants, da kuma na violets. Ya kamata su ƙunshi karin phosphorus da potassium fiye da nitrogen. An kawo su mako-mako tare da ruwa don ban ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da takin mai magani don rawanin a cikin sashi sau biyu fiye da shawarar, da kuma tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire - sau hudu kasa da wannan da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Sake bugun gloxinia
Za a iya fure fure a cikin hanyoyi guda uku:
- Tushen cutarwa.
- ƙungiyar tuber;
- shuka tsaba;
Cuttings leaf ciyar a lokacin rani. An cire ganye a cikin ƙasa zuwa sassa uku, an cire shingen kuma a saka shi a cikin ƙasa, zurfafa da yanke ta 0.5 cm. An yi tukunya da tukunyar da fim kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai dumi da haske inda aka ajiye yawan zazzabi a + 23 ... +24 ° C.
Kowace rana, an cire fim din don airing, cire condensate da moistening kasar gona. Bayan makonni biyu ko uku, matasan sun kamata su bayyana a gindin takardar. Sa'an nan kuma za a iya dasa bishiyar a cikin tukwane da kuma bayan watanni huɗu don jira na farko flowering.
Tuber ya raba a lokacin bazara. Raba shi don haka akwai sprout akan kowace delenka. Kada ka manta ka bi da wuraren da aka yanke tare da gawayi.
Kowane delenka ya kamata a dasa a cikin tukunya da diamita na ba fiye da 13 cm ba yayin da yake girma kuma yana da tushe, zafi zafin jiki dole ne a kalla +20 ° C.
Don haifuwa ta hanyar tsaba Zaka iya saya kayan dasa a cikin kantin kayan musamman, kuma zaka iya, idan shuka ya rigaya a gidan, tattara shi da kanka. A wannan yanayin, a lokacin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar pollinate shi. Jira da tsire-tsire su yi girma bayan kafa akwatin zai ɗauki watanni biyu. Ana shuka tsaba a watan Fabrairun, ta yada kan fuskar yashi mai yalwa da ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma a rufe shi da fim sannan a sanya shi a wuri mai dumi.
Saukowa zai buƙatar haske da iska kowace rana don rabin sa'a. Na farko harbe ya kamata ya bayyana a cikin makonni biyu. Tare da bayyanar su, an cire greenhouse, ana tukunyar tukunya zuwa wuri mai haske. Lokacin daya ko biyu na gaskiya ganye bayyana a kan seedlings, sai su nutse a cikin tukwane tukwane. Bayan watanni shida, tsire-tsire ya kamata su yi fure.
Gloxinia iri-iri "Yesenia" - babban cututtuka da kwari
Gloxinia yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka na musamman da na musamman.
Yellow ganye nuna low zafi, ma high yawan zafin jiki, overdose na takin mai magani. Ƙungiyar Brown a kan ganye suna bayyana a kunar rana a jiki. Suna iya cewa tsire-tsire ya yi sanyi, musamman ma bayan watering, ko kuma an shayar da shi da ruwan sanyi. Bar bar su lafiya bayyanar da high dampness. Za a iya shuka shuka sosai.
Idan ka keta yanayin tsaro zai iya bayyana powdery mildew ko launin toka a kan furanni da ganye. A irin wannan hali, an dakatar da ruwa na dan lokaci, an cire sassan da suka shafi, kuma ana kula da kasar gona tare da fungicide. Waɗannan su ne cututtuka na gloxinia, kuma ana gudanar da maganin su ta hanyoyi masu dacewa.
Amma wasu lokuta wani tsire-tsire mai kyau yana ƙin dakatar. Wannan yana nuna abubuwan da ba daidai ba: a lokacin sauran lokacin an ajiye shi a wuri mai dumi da bushe, an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, wanda aka yi amfani da shi da takin mai magani, bai samar da isasshen haske, zafi ba.
Game da kwari, injin yana shan wahala daga harin. aphids, nematodes, whiteflies, gizo-gizo mites, mealybugs, thrips. An bada shawarar yin amfani da kwari a kansu, amma wadanda ba sa sa konewa akan ganye. Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyau don amfani da sprays, maimakon SPRAY mafita, tun da shuka ya gudu gudu.
Gloxinia "Yesenia" - daya daga cikin mafi kyawun wakilan iri iri na wannan shuka na cikin gida. A zurfin cikakken launi da furanni ba ya bar sha'aninsu dabam ba wani grower. Bugu da ƙari, kula da ita kuma ninka sosai mai sauƙi. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku bari laima ta dashi a cikin ƙasa kuma ku samar da shuka tare da isasshen haske.
Domin hunturu, ya buƙatar tabbatar da hutawa cikakke, yanke kayan ƙanshin ƙasa kuma cire tukunya a wuri mai sanyi. Bayan dasawa a cikin bazara, furen zai dade yana da farin ciki tare da kyawawan buds.
