Primrose na cikin gida: zaɓin gida da zaɓin kiwo

Primrose karamin tsire-tsire ne na ado, lokacin furanni wanda zai fara a farkon bazara. Wani suna primrose, yana ɗaukar tushe duka cikin ƙasa bude da kuma a gida.

Menene kamannin primrose?

Furen Primrose shine tsiro mai tsiro mai tsire-tsire na gidan Primrose. Ganyen an fentin cikin tabarau masu launin shuɗi-kore, galibi monophonic. Suna da kamannin yanayin olongated, wanda ya tapi ƙasa. Ya danganta da iri-iri, gefuna na ganyayyaki masu laushi ne ko kuma a sanyayaye, farfajiyar suna da laushi ko ƙyalli. An rufe ganyen tare da ƙaramin tari, mai taushi da ɗan ƙarara zuwa taɓawa.

Tsawon ganyayen fure mai ɗauke da furanni yawanci ba ya wuce cm 25-50, a gindinsa wani ɓangaren ganye yana tsiro, wanda aka sa saman ƙasan. A saman farfajiyar hutu shine inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima, wanda ya ƙunshi gungun furanni. An samo ire-irensu tare da ɗan gajeren tushe da furanni ɗaya. Furen furanni za'a iya fentin su a rawaya, shunayya, fari da ja, shima cikin launuka ruwan hoda da na lilac. Petals na iya zama na fili ko mai launi, ainihin fure yakan zama launin rawaya.

Furanni masu ruwan hoda

Furen cikin girma

Yawancin nau'ikan

Akwai nau'ikan fure iri na 20 waɗanda suka samo tushe a cikin yanayin yanayin yanayin yankin tsakiyar, waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Primrose talakawa stemless bai kai sama da 20 cm ba. Ganyen suna da siffar m, farfajiyar ta yage, fenti a cikin koren launi mai ɗorewa. Inflorescences ya ƙunshi furanni tare da diamita na 3-4 cm, launi na iya zama daban. Fulawa ya fara a cikin watan Afrilu, yana ƙare a watan Yuli;
• Springrorose na bazara - tsiro na zamani wanda aka samo cikin gandun daji, filaye da makiyaya. Da kyau daukan tushe a cikin gonar mãkirci. Tsawon zangon yana tsakanin 15-25 cm, ganyayyaki sun kasance tare da yanki mara kyau da gefunan jagged. Furen an fentin launin rawaya, an tattara a cikin inflorescence a siffar laima;
• 'Ya'yan innabi na innabi da kyau ya ɗauki tushe a cikin dutsen, ganyayensa sun fi tsauri. Fuskar takardar tana da laushi kuma mai sheki, fenti mai launin shuɗi tare da ɗanɗano launin toka. Itaciyar mai fure-fure mai tsayi, tana girma zuwa 20-25 cm tsayi. A sama wani inflorescence ne na kamanni, wanda ya kunshi furanni 6 rawaya;
• Fine-yatsan fure - Wannan itace babba, tsayinsa ya kai cm 30. Ganyen suna daɗaɗɗa da faɗi, farfaɗo ya cika da hakora a gefuna. Ganyayyaki sun girma zuwa tsawon 40 cm. inflorescence yana da siffar ƙwal tare da diamita na 8-10 cm, ya ƙunshi furanni tubular 10-15 cm a girma .. Furen fure a cikin watan Afrilu-Mayu, ana fentin fararen, ja, shunayya ko shunayya;
• Tsarin Primula Viale, ko Orchid, ya bambanta da sauran ire-irensu, a waje guda baya kama da na yau da kullun. A shuka da aka bred a China, yana da kyau kafa a cikin ƙasa m. Furen fure mai tsayi har zuwa 20 cm mai ɗauke da plaque a duk tsawonsa; ƙyalli mai ƙwanƙwasa kamar ƙwallan kararrawa. Lokacin fure, Vial's primrose yayi kama da furanni na lavender a cikin launi da launi;
• Zybold primrose - tsiro na zamani, mai suna bayan masanin ilimin botanist wanda ya fara kawo ire-iren tsire-tsire da yawa daga Japan zuwa Turai. Wani inflorescence a cikin hanyar laima na iya haɗawa daga furanni 5 zuwa 15 a lokaci, launi yana fari, lilac ko shunayya;
• Kayan gado an bred by shayarwa, da rarrabe fasalin shi ne babban adadin petals, idan aka kwatanta da sauran iri. A waje, furanni sunyi kama da ƙananan furannin lush, na iya zama fari, ja da ruwan hoda;
• Tsarin Primrose Obkonika - plantaramar shuka wacce take da tushe a gida. Itace mai fure mai laushi na ganye ba ya wuce 30 cm ba ga tsayi. Manyan furanni sun girma har zuwa 8 cm a diamita, suna da tsari mai zagaye kuma ana tattara su cikin inflorescences-umbrellas. Yana blooms kusan duk shekara tare da hutu a lokacin bazara;
• Tsarin daji na daji - tsirrai bisa ga dukkan nau'ikan iri da iri ake samu. Yana girma cikin daji, a cikin gandun daji da kuma cikin filaye;
• Jafananci primrose - perennial shuka, nasa ne ga rukuni na candelabrum saboda da yawa -redred tsari na inflorescences. Babban tushe yana girma zuwa 40-50 cm a tsayi, ganye suna cike da fadi, a tushe ana haɗa su cikin bunƙasa mai fasalin. Furen furanni ana fentin launuka daban-daban masu launin ja da ruwan hoda.

Labarin bayyanar

Ba a san lokacin da primrose ya bayyana daidai ba, har ma a zamanin da, mutane sun san game da kaddarorin magani. Akwai almara da yawa game da asalin furen. Ofayansu ya ce manzo Bitrus shi ne mai riƙe makullin shiga Aljanna, wata rana ya sami labarin cewa mugayen ruhohi sun ƙirƙira makullin. Bitrus ya firgita kuma, saboda rashin kulawarsa, ya jefar da rami a ƙasa, daga baya wani fure ya yi girma a wannan wurin wanda ya tunatar da shi labarin wannan lamari. Fitowar Primrose inflorescence tayi kama da tarin maɓallan. An fassara shi daga Jamusanci, sunan fure yana kama da "maɓallan Bitrus" ko "maɓallan sama."

Rawaya inflorescence

Kulawar Gida

A primrose shine perennial, dasawa da kulawa wanda zai dauki ɗan lokaci, zaiyi farin ciki tare da fure mai laushi har zuwa farkon bazara. Shuka na buƙatar takamaiman zafin jiki na iska da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullun, Hakanan wajibi ne don zaɓar ƙasar da ta dace don dasa.

Haushi

Yawan zafin iska don primrose bashi da mahimmanci sosai, inji yana kafe tushen duka a bushe da cikin dakuna. A lokacin zafi, ganyayyaki na iya bushewa saboda hakan ba ta faruwa ba; kowace rana ya zama tilas a ba su ruwa mai tsafta daga bindiga.

Zazzabi

Don primrose, yana da mahimmanci a lura da tsarin zafin jiki, furen ba ya haƙuri da zafi. Kyakkyawan yanayin iska don primrose shine 15-18 ° C, a lokacin rani yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 20 ° C. A cikin lokacin sanyi, shuka ya kamata ya tsaya a cikin daki mai sanyi, akan loggia ko baranda. Idan tukunyar fure tana kan windowsill, zai fi kyau a zaɓi ɗakuna waɗanda windows suna fuskantar yamma, Arewa ko Gabas.

Furen akan windowsill

Watse

A cikin lokacin furanni, primrose yana buƙatar babban adadin danshi, dole ne a shayar da shi akai-akai. Inasa a cikin tukunyar filawa koyaushe ya zama mai laushi, ba tare da wuce kima ba. Primrose bai yarda da yawan ruwa da ke narkewa ba. Dokokin Watering:

• A cikin kaka da bazara, ana shayar da shuka kowace rana, adadin ruwa ya dogara da girman tukunya. Zuba ruwa a sassa har ƙasa ta zama m;
• A cikin hunturu, ana shayar da shuka kowane kwana 2-3 ko kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa;
• A cikin lokacin zafi, ana shayar da daskararru kowace rana;
• Ruwa don ban ruwa yakamata tsaftatacce a cikin kwantena na bude kwanaki. Karka yi amfani da ruwan famfo nan da nan;

Cakuda ƙasa

Primrose, kulawar gida wanda ya haɗa da shayarwa da kayan miya, ya kamata a dasa shi a cikin cakuda ƙasa na musamman. Forasa don primrose ya kamata ya zama mai gina jiki da kuma sako-sako. A kasan tukunyar, shimfiɗa ɗakunan magudanar kyawawan lebba ko gangunan 1-2 cm mai tsayi. Gama dole ne a gauraya abubuwa na qasa daidai daidai gwargwado:

• Sheet ƙasa;
• Sand;
• Peat ƙasa.

Don dasa primrose na iri-iri Obkonika, dole ne a ƙari ƙara 1 ɓangare na ƙasa turf.

Kafin a yi fure, qasa ba za ta hadu ba, domin ganye kawai zai fara girma. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa a lokacin dukkan lokacin furanni, kowane kwana 7-10. A matsayin babban miya, yi amfani da takin gargajiya hadaddun tsire-tsire na fure. Kuna buƙatar amfani dashi cikin ƙaramin abu.

Shuka dasa

Ana sayar da ɗan tsako na cikin gida a cikin ƙananan kwantena, kai tsaye bayan sayan sa yana buƙatar jujjuya shi. Hakanan, tsire-tsire na tsofaffi waɗanda suka fi shekaru 3-4 suna dasawa zuwa wani sabon wuri.

Don dasa primrose, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓin tukunya madaidaiciya, ƙarar ta ya kamata ya zama sau 2-3 mafi girma daga saman tsirrai tare da ganye. A kasan tukunya ya kamata ya zama buɗaɗɗun fitowar ruwa. Kuna iya siyan ƙasa da aka yi shirye don farawa ko sanya shi da kanka ta hanyar haɗa yashi, peat da ƙasa mai ƙyalli daidai gwargwado.

Yadda ake dasawa:

1. Tona sama da shuka a hankali. Idan tushen yana hade, ba kwa buƙatar fallasa su, kawai girgiza abin da ya wuce duniya. Primroses suna da tushe mai santsi da gauraya waɗanda suke karyewa cikin sauƙi;
2. An dage fitar da magudanar a kasan tukunyar, kauri ya fara ne daga 1 zuwa 3 cm, gwargwadon girman tukunyar;
3. A saman rufin magudanar ruwa, ya zama dole don cika 3-4 cm na ƙasar da aka shirya kuma haɗa shi da hannuwanku don kada tushen tsiron ya taɓa ruwan magudanan ruwa;
4. Dole ne a sanya tsire a cikin tukunya, a tarnaƙi don cika tare da duniya. Ba lallai ba ne don haɗa ƙasa;
5. Dole ne a shayar da fure tare da tsaftataccen ruwa. Soilasar na iya haɗawa kuma ta zauna, a wannan yanayin kana buƙatar ƙara ƙarin cakuda ƙasa.

Tsarin tushen Primrose

Hanyoyin kiwo

Masu mallakan tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta na iya yin saurin shuka, ana iya yin hakan ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Dukansu launin toka da rawaya na cikin gida zasu iya yaduwa ta zuriyarsu ko kuma rarraba shuka zuwa sassa.

Tsaba

Girma daga tsaba ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don abubuwan fure a cikin lambu. A gida, kuna buƙatar isasshen lokaci don ƙwaya don tsiro. Kuna buƙatar dasa tsaba a watan Yuni-Yuli, yadda ake yin daidai:

1. Da farko kuna buƙatar shirya tanki don saukowa, ya kamata ya zama ƙasa;
2. Tankin cike da abubuwan hade da duniya da aka yi niyya don dasa shuki. Tsawon Layer ya kamata ya zama 2-3 cm;
3. Tsarin Primrose ƙananan ne, basa buƙatar binne su da zurfi. Ya isa ya shimfiɗa su a saman ƙasa da murƙushe dan kadan;
4. An rufe akwati tare da fim ko filastik, sanya shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi. Zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 15-19 ° C.

Sprouts a cikin ƙasa

Inasa a cikin tukunya koyaushe za a jika, amma ba danshi ba. Kowace rana kuna buƙatar cire fim don fitar da ƙasa tare da tsaba. Bayan kwanaki 14-20, farkon tsiron zai bayyana.

Rarraba daji

Don tsire-tsire na cikin gida, ana amfani da yaduwar ciyayi a mafi yawan lokuta. An shuka shuka tare da tushen tsarin zuwa sassa da yawa. Za ku iya raba tsofaffi wanda bai girmi shekaru 3-4 ba. Yadda za a yi daidai:

1. An dasa tsire a hankali daga tukunya, yana girgiza ƙurar ƙasa;
2. Tushen ana buƙatar wanke shi tare da ruwan gudu mai sanyi, saka zane mai bushe. Wuce ruwa mai yawa ya kamata magudana;
3. Amfani da wuka mai kaifi, an raba daji zuwa kashi 2-3. Kowane yanki yakamata ya sami maki 1 girma - ɓangaren ɓangare na babban shoot;
4. Dole ne a kula da sassan nan da nan tare da foda carbon.

Ya kamata a dasa dukkan sassan dazuzzukan daji a cikin ƙasa, in ba haka ba suna iya bushewa.

Komawa da Primrose

Distillation shine tsari na haɓaka haɓakar shuka. Don fure, ana yin ta ne daga 14 ga Fabrairu da Maris 8, lokacin da bukatar furanni ke ƙaruwa sau da yawa.

Kuri'a na tukwane na fure

Don primrose wanda ya dace da girma daga tsaba, shekarun su dole ne su kasance shekaru 2. Idan aka yada fure ta hanyar rarrabuwa, kuna buƙatar amfani da tsire-tsire waɗanda suka girmi shekaru 3. Distillation ne da za'ayi a matakai da yawa:

1. Ana dasa Primroses a cikin ƙasa buɗe a nesa na 15-20 cm tsakanin seedlingsan itacen. Shouldasar ta zama mai wadata a cikin humus, an shirya maƙarƙashiya na 50 m² tare da kilogiram na 3-4 na superphosphate da 1 kg na potassium sulfate. Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya yin kilogiram 100-150 na takin ko taki;
2. A watan Afrilu-Mayu, ana buƙatar ciyar da seedlings sau 1 tare da takin zamani. Cakuda ruwa da taki a gwargwado na 10: 1;
3. Kafin sanyi, an girke kayan girke-girken titi tare da babban yanki;
4. D Shu tsire-tsire ana shuka su a cikin kwantena da aka shirya ko kuma nan da nan cikin tukwane da suke ciki. Cika tukwane tare da cakuda yashi da peat ko cakuda ƙasa don dasa shuki na ɗan fari. Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da ƙasa, in ba haka ba ganye kawai zai fara girma;
5. An adana tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin rami a zazzabi na 5-9 ° C. Idan sanyi ba mai tsanani ba ne, an ba da izinin ajiya a cikin gidaje masu rufi na cikin gida, waɗanda aka yayyafa su da bushewar ganye don hunturu;
6. Daga ƙarshen Janairu zuwa farkon Fabrairu, ana canja tsire-tsire zuwa ɗakin haske, zazzabi iska ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 17 ° C. A cikin mako, ana shayar da maganin fari a kowane kwana 2 tare da ɗan ruwa kaɗan, a hankali an dawo da tsarin ban ruwa na baya.

Wasu nau'ikan sun yi fure a watan Afrilu, wasu sun fara yin fure a watan Fabrairu. A cikin bazara, ana iya dasa waɗannan primroses akan shafin, bayan 'yan shekaru ana iya sake amfani dasu don distillation.

Primroses furanni ne waɗanda suke ɗaukar tushe daidai a cikin yanayi daban-daban, gami da gida. Idan an kula da primrose da kyau, zai yi farin ciki na dogon lokaci tare da bayyanar shi, mai launi mai haske da ƙanshi mai daɗi.