Saintpaulia kyakkyawar shuka ce mai kyau tare da furanni mai haske mai cike da farin haske. Yana siffofi da fure mai tsayi da kyawawan halaye masu kyau.
Game da tarihin bayyanar
An ba da iri-iri a garin Togliatti daga mai shayarwa Elena Korshunova. Saboda wannan, an ƙara ƙirar EC zuwa sunan violet iri-iri (ya bambanta da RS, nau'in nau'in Svetlana Repkina).
Violet "Bullfight" (Saintpaulia)
Bayanin sa
Wannan violet abu ne mai sauki mu rarrabe tsakanin sauran nau'ikan masu kama. Ya kasance ga manyan nau'ikan fure-fure. Wani fasalin tsiro shine kasancewar kullun furanni masu girma na furanni masu launin shuɗi. Furanni furannin taurari ne, masu launin terry ko na biyu.
Violet Bullfight blooms shekara-shekara. Na farko ya bayyana 3 peduncles tare da buds biyu. Yayinda suke yin fure, sabon fure 3 girma. Sakamakon abu ne mai farin jini. Idan an kula da tsire-tsire yadda yakamata kuma, mahimmanci, ciyar da kullun, rosette fure zai kai 30 cm a diamita.
Ganyen suna da yawa, da ɗan elongated, kore mai haske. Fuskokinsu kuma ɗan ɗan iska ne.
Daga wannan nau'in ya zo da murfin ullarjin Bwallon Bullfight (wato "zinari"). Ganyen Violet Gold Bullfight da ke tsakiyar mafarki fari ko kuma ruwan lemo. Leavesasan ganye mai haske ne, kore. Furen furanni tare da wannan ganye suna da kyan gani da kyau.
EK Bullfighting yana kama da nau'ikan violin Corrida, Blackberry EK-Magaraja. Bullfighting violet, ba kamar violet Bullfight, yana da manyan furanni biyu na fararen launi.
Siffofin Kulawa
Domin shuka don faranta wa ido ido tare da kyawawan furanni kuma ba a ji masa rauni ba, kuna buƙatar yin tsayayye a hankali kuma ku bi shawarwarin kulawa.
Zazzabi
Furen yana da girma a yanayin zafin jiki na 18 zuwa 25. Violet yana jin tsoron sanyi da daftarin. Harshen yanayin zafi ma yana da tasirin gaske a kai.
Haske
Violet an shawarar da za a yi girma a kan raket na fure tare da fitilar wucin gadi. Kuna buƙatar sanya shi a kan windows, "duba" zuwa arewa, arewa maso gabas ko arewa maso yamma.
Violet yana son haske mai haske
Mahimmanci! Haske na rana kai tsaye da ƙone yana lalata abubuwa. Duk da wannan, ya zama dole a lura da hasken rana daga sa'o'i 12 zuwa 14. Rashin fitowar haske ta fitila ne tare da fitila mai launin shuɗi (ba incandescent) ba. Kuma sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 3 da shuka ya juyar da sashi na gaba zuwa wurin haske.
Watse
Don haɓaka da fure, shuka yana buƙatar isasshen adadin danshi. Ana shayar da shuka lokacin da a cikin tukunya ƙasa take bushewa da kamar ɗaya bisa uku. Ruwa da violet tare da ruwa mai tsafta, zazzabi dakin. Ana shirya jet a ƙarƙashin tushe. Bai kamata a bar ruwa ya faɗo a cikin ganyayyaki ba - ba wai kawai suna canza launi ba ne, har ma sun fara jujjuyawa.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shayarwa:
- Ana zuba ruwa a cikin tukunyar tare da yin shayarwa na iya samun dogon tuwon.
- An sanya tukunya a cikin ruwa don 2/3 na kusan rabin sa'a, don sai an shigar da danshi a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar magudanar ruwan.
- An zana wick ta ramin magudanar. An sanya ƙarshensa a cikin akwati na ruwa a ƙarƙashin tukunyar.
Fesa
Ba za ku iya fesa shuka ba. An ba da izinin watsa ruwa a nesa na kusan mita 2 daga tsire.
Haushi
Danshi a cikin ɗakin da aka sanya fitilar ƙwallon ƙafa ya zama aƙalla 50% kuma ba fiye da 65%. Za a iya ƙaruwa da danshi ta hanyar sanya kwantena cike da ruwa kusa da tsire-tsire.
Kasar
Wajibi ne don amfani da cakuda ƙasa wadda aka saya don violet. Ana iya shirya shi da kansa ta hanyar haɗar peat, ganye, ciyawar ƙasa da ƙasa mai yashi, yashi daidai gwargwado. Ana amfani da ƙaramin adadin perlite ko vermiculite don kwance ƙasa.
Ilasa don violet
Manyan miya
Ana amfani da takin gargajiya kowane mako 2. Nitrogen takin mai magani ya zama dole a lokacin samuwar kanti da kuma aiki girma na ganye.
Lokacin da aka samar da fure, ko kuma lokacin da shuka tayi fure, tana bukatar phosphorus da potassium, haka kuma abubuwanda ake ganowa. Ana ciyar da abinci tare da gaurayewar ma'adinai. Ya kamata a rage yawan takin da aka ba da shawarar ta hanyar sau 2.
Kula! Top miya ne da za'ayi kawai don ingantaccen shuka. Bayan dasawa, ba a amfani da takin mai magani a cikin watanni 2. Haka nan an hana wannan dokar idan cutar ta shafi cutar.
A lokacin furanni
A lokacin furanni, jikan yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun. Aikin mai girbi shine kiyaye matsayin al'ada na danshi na ƙasa. Bai kamata ya bushe ba kuma a lokaci guda ya mamaye ruwa sosai.
Bugu da kari, shuka yana bukatar takin phosphate akai-akai, domin furanni suna da karfi da wadatar launi. An ciyar da shuka sosai bisa ga umarnin don amfani da taki.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Itace tana da wasu fasali a fure.
Launi da tsarin furanni
Ban sha'awa. Hasken furannin ya bambanta da hasken: a rana suna da mulufi, a cikin wani yanayi mai ruwa mai duhu ko ceri.
Violet na wannan nau'ikan da yawa ba su da furanni waɗanda zasu bambanta sosai da tsarin launi ja.
Furen Saintpaulia
Shape da girman furanni
Girman furanni yana da girma - har zuwa cm 8. Fure mai launin tauraruwa, terry.
Lokacin tashi
Babban fasalin wannan nau'in violet shine cewa yana fure a cikin shekara. Filin fita waje yakan jefa sabbin hanyoyin da furanni masu kyau da furanni ke girma.
Yadda ake yada violet din
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yada violet: ta zuriya, ganye, fitarwar 'ya mace.
Shuka shuka
Shuka wannan violet tare da taimakon tsaba yana da matakai da yawa masu wahala, saboda haka yana samuwa ne kawai ga masu shayarwa.
Rooting cuttings
Dole a yanke takardar daga jere na biyu na kanti. An yanke wannan tare da wuka mai kaifi tare da layin oblique game da 3 cm daga tushe daga farantin takardar. An sanya itacen bredi a cikin ƙaramin akwati da ruwa ko tare da cakuda ƙasa da yashi. Bayan Tushen ya bayyana, yakamata a dasa ciyawar a cikin tukunya da ƙasa. Yara za su bayyana a kusan wata guda.
Don samun kwandunan mata, suna buƙatar a yanke su kuma kafe. A kan hemp sauran bayan yankan shuka, kananan 'yar rosettes bayyana. Lokacin da suka ƙaru da kusan 3 cm, an rabu da su daga kanti sannan a watsa su cikin ƙananan tukwane. Daga sama suna buƙatar rufe su da kayan kunshin. Ana cire tsari lokacin da sababbin ganye suka bayyana akan mafita. Lokacin da suka girma zuwa kusan 4 cm, ana cire su.
Rooting da germination na cuttings
Sauran zaɓuɓɓuka
Akwai wata hanya don yada violet ta amfani da ganye. Jerin ayyukan zai kasance kamar haka:
- a yanka takardar;
- sanya shi a cikin ƙasa game da 2 cm, dan kadan matsi ƙasa da kewayenta;
- tare da rufe gilashin gilashi ka zuba.
Dasawa bayan sayan
An dasa fitsari a kowace shekara, a farkon farkon Maris. Wannan periodicity saboda gaskiyar cewa tsawon fure yana haifar da lalata ƙasa. Dankin yana buƙatar sabon substrate tare da abubuwan gina jiki. Tukunyar tukunya ya kamata da fadi da ƙasa, saboda tushen shuka ya mamaye farjin ƙasa. Da sauran yadudduka za a acidified. Ya kamata diamita daga tukunya ya kasance ba fi 12 cm ba.
Mahimmanci! A cikin babban kwano, violet ba zai yi fure ba.
Ana shimfiɗa magudanar a cikin nau'i na ƙananan pebbles, tsakuwa, da kumfa a ƙasan tukunyar. Zai cire yawan danshi, ba zai bada izinin lalata ba.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Cututtukan Violet suna haɓaka idan yana da karancin hasken rana ko akasin haka, an fallasa shi cikin ƙoshin iska mai ƙarfi, ana shayar da shi da ruwan sanyi, kuma yana cikin ɗaki mai ƙarancin zafi da zafi. Da zaran alamun lalacewar ta bayyana, ya kamata ka cire duk ganyen da ke da cuta, ka dasa shuki a cikin sabon tukunya da sabon ƙasa. Ana kula da ganye tare da magani mai dacewa tare da sakamako mai ban tsoro.
Cutar
Mafi yawan cututtuka da suka fi dacewa da violet Bullfight shine marigayi Blight, launin toka ko m powdery, fusarium, launin toka mai narkewa. Dukkansu suna haɓaka saboda yawan ruwa ko rashin bin ka'idodin tsarewa.
Kuna iya ajiye murfin violet kawai a farkon ƙarfe na haɓakar cutar. Yankunan da aka shafa da shuka ana jefa su, an kula da ganyayyaki masu ƙoshin lafiya tare da kwayoyi.
Powdery mildew
Karin kwari
Babban haɗari ga shuka shine irin waɗannan kwari:
- aphids;
- thrips;
- ticks;
- nematodes;
- sauro na naman kaza;
- sikelin kwari.
Idan waɗannan kwari suka shafi ganannan kwari, kuna buƙatar wanke su da maganin sabulu, sannan a magance su da maganin kwari na Alatar, Actellik, Furanon da sauransu.
Sauran matsaloli
A iri ne da ɗan moody. Wani lokacin fure ba shi da tabbas, filayen fure suna fitowa bayan fure na uku.
Yana faruwa cewa ganyen ƙananan layi sun fara juye da launin rawaya da wuri. Wannan sabon abu yana da 'yanci daga zafin jiki na yanayi. Ganyen rawaya ba ya nufin cewa shuka wata cuta ta shafi shuka. Leavesasan ganye na iya juya launin rawaya koyaushe kuma ya faɗi, sababbi suna girma a wurinsu.
Violet na nau'ikan Bullfight kyakkyawa ne mai kyau don kowane ɗaki. Unarancin amfani da shuka shine ikon da zai iya samin duk shekara zagaye. Dankin yana neman kulawa sosai, cikin godiya wanda yake bayar da kyawawan furanni.
