Haske da kyawun salo na cyclamen zuwa likitan yawancin masu kiwo. Dankin ya yi farin ciki da shigan masu mallakarsa a lokacin kaka-hunturu. Idan an horar da cyclamen, kulawar gida zata buƙaci ilimin wasu abubuwa.
Labarin bayyanar
An san fure ta cyclamen a cikin tsohuwar Rome a matsayin kayan ado na tsakar gida da gida, magani don cuta da kwayar cuta.
Shahararren cyclamen ya fadi a 1939. A cikin Ontario, lardin Kanada, Lloyd Veit, mazaunin birni na Delhi, ya buɗe ƙaramin kasuwanci - shagon fure. Furannin Furanni na yau shine ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu samar da furanni a Arewacin Amurka.
Cyclamen a cikin gidan
Farmley Furanni suna tsunduma cikin tsarin narkar da kayan furanni na shekara wanda ya fara bazara tare da launuka na bakan gizo tare da isowar cyclamens mai falala.
A cikin kasashen Turai, cyclamen ya bayyana a 1650. Wannan halin yana haifar da ƙirƙirar nau'ikan matasan da ke da wuya da tsire-tsire na kiwo ko'ina.
A bayanin kula. Akwai cyclamens waɗanda suke kama da sabon abu: sautin-biyu, tare da iyaka ko frill. Masu shayarwa sunyi nasarar yin aiki, daɗaɗɗar lambu tare da sabon nau'in matasan da ba a saba gani ba.
Yawancin nau'ikan iri-iri suna jin daɗin lambu
Lokacin tashi
Idan an girma cyclamen a gida, zai iya yin girma a cikin girmamawa har zuwa shekaru 15, na yin kowace shekara kimanin furanni 70 masu alatu. Shekarun fure guda daya ne kwana 10. Babban adadin buds yana da alhakin lokacin fure - watanni da yawa.
Hawan cyclamen
Bayan bushewa, ganye, tare da peduncle, ana datse su cikin hankali. Yanke ba a so. Ryauki aikin hutu da gawayi.
Dalilan da yasa ganyen cyclamen sun koma rawaya sun hada da kwari masu cutarwa da cututtukan phyto. Bincike na kusa zai kafa tushen rashin lafiya. Sau da yawa, rashin kulawa mai kyau yana haifar da ci gaban jujjuya, hare-haren cyclamen tare da mite gizo-gizo. Yana da mahimmanci a ɗauki mataki a kan kari.
Yellowness na cyclamen bar a matsayin alama ce cuta
Yawancin nau'ikan
Dankin ya kasance na perennials daga dangin Primrose. Yana da nau'ikan 20. Cyclamen yana girma a cikin daji a cikin gandun daji a kudu maso yammacin Asiya, a tsakiyar Turai, a Gabas ta Tsakiya.
A cikin mutane gama gari, ana kiran furen fure da gurasa alade.
Ma'anar sunan karshen yana da alaƙa da ƙaunar daji boars don cin abinci a kan ƙwayoyin cyclamen, digging daga ƙasa.
Cyclamen shine ephemeroid wanda ke fure na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sannan ganyen al'ada ya bushe, lokacin hutawa zai fara.
Masu shayarwa daga Netherlands sun sami nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan Persian cyclamen. Hybrids ake halin dogon furanni:
- Halifa;
- Lulu;
- Victoria
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cyclamen Turai. Buƙatar da masu shukar fure:
- Kayan yau da kullun;
- Kundin hoto;
- Lake garda;
- Carmineolineatum.
An rarraba Cyclamen zuwa nau'ikan 3 ta tsayi:
- misali - kimanin 30 cm;
- matsakaici-girma - har zuwa 20 cm;
- rashin kunya -15 cm.
Nau'ikan albarkatun gona masu zuwa, waɗanda suka bambanta da girma, launi da mazauna, an rarraba su cikin yanayi:
- Bahaushe. Abubuwan rarrabe na al'adun: diamita na nodule ya kai 15 cm, siffar mai zagaye ce mai zagaye. Ganyen ganye masu ɗorewa suna da siffar zuciya da tsarin azurfa. Kara ya kai 15-20 cm a tsayi. Furannin furanni ne masu ruwa, mai ruwan hoda, ko ja. Tsawon tsaran fure mai tsawon 5 cm ne. Furewar cyclamen na Farisa daga kaka zuwa Maris, a lokacin bazara yana zubar da ganye. Idan an noma Persian cyclamen a gida, kulawa ya ƙunshi rage yawan ruwa zuwa ƙima. Rage ciyawar fure da ganyayyaki. A watan Agusta, an dasa fure a cikin wani sabon tukunya kuma an shirya fitar da ruwa sosai. An bunkasa tsire-tsire masu tsami don ciyawar cikin gida.
- Turai A lokacin da girma girma Alpick violet (wanda ake kira fure a wata hanya daban), girman ganyayyaki 3-4 cm. A ƙasan ganye akwai launi mai kyau. Furannin furanni ƙananan ne, filayen basu wuce cm 2 ba. Inflorescences suna da farar fata, launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin cycloen Turai shine lokacin ado (Mayu-Satumba), babu yanayin hutawa tare da ganye bushewa. A lokacin bazara sun ƙunshi fure a t = 25 ° C kuma a cikin haskoki na rana.
Turai ta cyclamen
- Cretan. Yana zaune a tsibirin Crete. Abubuwan halayyar dabi'a sune compactness, white-pinkish coloring.
Cretan Cyclamen
- Kossky. Yana girma a cikin Caucasus. Tinyan ƙaramin santimita 10 cm baya tsoron sanyi da hibernates a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara. Pinkish-ja da fari furanni suna da kalamai masu duhu a gindin furannin.
- Ivy. A wani suna Neapolitan. An nuna shi ta hanyar bayyanar farkon furanni, sannan zanen gado.
- Yar Afirka. Gida - Tunisiya da Algeria. Ya girma cikin dasa tsiro. Ganyayyaki suna da kamannin zuciya, da launin shuɗi-kore. Suna girma daga kwaro, tsawonsu ya kai cm 15. Farkon fure ya faɗi a cikin bazara, ya ƙare a cikin kaka, a Bugu da kari, an kafa sabon ganye kawai a watan Satumba-Nuwamba. A cikin hunturu, ana dasa tsiron saboda ƙarancin sanyi.
Lura. Cycloen na Afirka ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba waɗanda ke barazana ga lafiyar dabbobi - karnuka da kuliyoyi.
- Caucasian. Ana amfani da al'adun gargajiya a cikin madadin magani. Abubuwan magani na Caucasian cyclamen an lura da shi: yana da tasiri mai kyau akan narkewa, dawo da ƙarfi bayan mura. Yana ƙarƙashin kariyar jiha, an jera shi a cikin Littafin Redaya na yankin Krasnodar Territory.
Fasahar aikin gona
Lokacin hutawa
Lokacin da ake barnatar da cyclamen, namowa da kulawa a gida basu yi ba tare da lokacin hutawa ba. Tare da farawa, bushewa da kuma mutu daga ganyen cyclamen suna da alaƙa. 'Yan lambu da basu da galibi sukan rabu da shuka. Sun yi imani da cewa cyclamen shine amfanin gona na lokaci daya wanda ba zai iya yin fure a kowace shekara ba.
A bu mai kyau a rage mita da tsananin girman kai. An ba da shawarar yin aikin a hankali. Tare da cikakken bayyanar amfanin gona, ba a cika sha da ruwa kadan ba.
Lokacin sake saita furanni na ƙarshe, zai zama dole don kawar da wilted buds da tsohuwar ganye bushe. A cikin bazara, sun sanya al'ada a cikin wuri mai bushe kuma su daina bushewa na ɗan lokaci.
Lokacin da sauran lokacin ya zo
A lokacin ɓataccen lokaci, ana ɗaukar adana cyclamen a gida ta wata hanya dabam: lokacin da daji ya fadada, ban ruwa ya ragu, lokacin da ciyawar ta mutu, an canza fure fure 90 °. Don haka ana adana shuka har zuwa ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara.
Lokacin da aka cire furanni wilted, lokacin fure yana tsawaita, kuma ana taimakawa sabon samuwar. Ana buƙatar amfani da magudi mai kyau. An hana karɓa, datsa tsohon fure mai tushe da ciyawar. An juya su a kusa da tuber, a hankali, guje wa lalacewa. Idan lalacewa ta faru, an yayyafa su da carbon mai aiki.
Juyawar fure
An shirya dasawa da cyclamen a gida ne bayan shekaru 3. An ƙayyade hanyar da nau'in shuka: ana dasa ƙwayar jinsin Turai tare da isowar lokacin bazara, a cikin fall - Farisa. Hanyar iyawa ta dace da man shafawa. Matsar da al'adar zuwa cikin sabon tukunya yana faruwa tare da dunƙule mai ƙamshi wanda tushen sa. A cikin fure mai fure, suna kawai zuba ƙasa. Tuna da magudanar magudanar ruwa.
Aikin Jiki - sanannen hanya ne don yaɗa cyclamen
Idan kuna dasa furanni daga shagon, a hankali tsaftace tushen tsohuwar ƙasa. Cika sabon kwandon shara tare da musanya kayan amfanin gona (Florin, Tulip). Yi amfani da ƙasa mai ɗan acidic. Don ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin tsalle, filayen fure ya dace, diamita wacce 7-8 cm, ga uku, ko fure mai shekaru biyar, 14-15 cm.
Tubersa'idodin tubers na mutum ɗaya sun cika ƙasa da ƙasa lokacin shuka, Persian - kawai 2/3. Lokacin da ƙasa ke da inganci, babu buƙatar takin amfanin gona na tsawon watanni 1-2.
Zazzabi
Cyclamen kullum yana girma kuma yana fure fure a lokacin hunturu, lokacin zafin jiki ya + 10 ... +14 ° C. A lokacin dumi, yanayin zafin da ya dace da fure shine + 20 ... +25 ° C.
Watse
Lokacin barin, yana da muhimmanci a san yadda ake amfani da ruwan cyclamen yadda yakamata. Kuna buƙatar ruwa mai taushi, wanda shine 2 digiri ƙasa da zafin jiki na ɗakin. Kafin ruwa, suna ba ta ranar da za ta tsaya. M hydration ne halayyar da lokacin fure.
Yana hana bushewa na substrate a cikin tukunya da shaye-shayen ruwa. Wateringarshen watering, wanda aka za'ayi a cikin kwanon rufi, ya dace da shuka - danshi ba zai sami tushe ba, ƙirar nodule, ginin daji. Bayan rigar al'adar, bayan awanni 3, ana cire ruwa mai yawa daga kwanon rufi.
Watering cyclamen
Lokacin da aka gama fure, an rage hydration. Idan ganyayyaki ya shuɗe gabaɗaya, ana tona asirin, an sha ruwa sosai kuma ba shi da mahimmanci.
Kasar
Lokacin dasa shuki yana amfani da ƙasa da aka saya. Universalasa ta duniya ta dace da geraniums ko Saintpaulia.
Ilasa don cyclamens
Additionarin yashi da perlite yana ba friability da ƙarfin danshi. Soilasa don dasa cyclamen ya dace tare da tsaka tsaki ko matakan pH mai dan kadan. Idan ana so, an shirya shi da kansa. Kuna buƙatar ƙasa na takarda (sassa 3) da peat, taki, yashi (1 sashi) wanda aka ɗauka daidai gwargwado.
Soilasa daga shafin an lalata ta ta hanyar maganin zub da ƙwayar murhu ko ta zubar da maganin potassiumgangan. Don ɓangaren magudanar ruwa a ƙasan tanki, ana amfani da yumɓu masu yumɓu tare da tsakuwa da kanuna.
Ana buƙatar tankuna don cyclamen daga yumbu ko filastik.
Ga tsofaffi, jita-jita tare da diamita 14-15 cm suna da amfani, don ƙananan seedlings - ƙasa. Zabi jita-jita don shuka, dangane da girman nodule. Daga gefen kwan fitila zuwa gefen furen fure, nisansa yakai 2 cm.Wannan zai samar da tsirar cikin gida da ingantacciyar ci gaba da fure mai dacewa.
Haske
Idan cyclamen yayi girma, yadda ake kulawa da kyau, bayar da shawarwari. Don haɓaka cikakke, al'ada tana buƙatar haske. Hasken rana kai tsaye galibi barazana ce ga shuka. Sill na taga ya dace a yamma ko gabas. Lokacin da aka sanya shi a gefen kudu don fure, ya fi dacewa a sanya gaba daga taga ko shading. Yankin arewa shine wuri mara dacewa don cyclamen.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Tubers
Kafin yaduwa, dole ne a bushe furen furen. Lokacin da abin da aka yanke yana da mahimmanci, wurin a kowane lobe na tushen tare da kodan da ganye. Wurin yankan yana shafawa da kore mai haske ko kuma yayyafa shi da gawayi, sai a raba lokacin bushewa (kwana 2).
Juyarwa ta hanyar Tuber, magani tare da kore
Suna gudanar da saukowa da sassa a cikin ƙasa mai daɗaɗɗa, saka a cikin wani wuri mai haske da tabbatar da yin ruwa na yau da kullun. Karbuwa ba 100% ba, wani ɓangare na rots na gogewa.
Tsaba
Adana abubuwa iri daga cikin cyclamen na cikin gida zai ba da izinin pollination na wucin gadi. Maniaƙƙarfan aiki yana tasiri a cikin aiwatar da safiyar rana, ban da maimaita maimaitawa.
Tsarin iri
Hankali! Seed bushewa bayan mun girbe mummunan amsa wa germination. Ingancin tsaba da suke sayarwa ya dogara kai tsaye da tsari.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, kayan an shuka shi sosai tsawon awanni 24 a cikin Zircon (4 saukad da kowace ruwa na 500 ml). Don girma seedlings, kuna buƙatar ƙasa sako-sako. A ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ana buƙatar akwati tare da ramuka a ƙasa. Da farko, ana zubar da ƙaramin yumɓu mai 3 cm. Ana dafa ƙasa mai dafa abinci a saman (6-7 cm). Isasa cike take da ruwa. Yada zuriya a farfajiya na 2 cm, yayyafa kadan tare da ƙasa. An rufe akwati da fim. Ana sa ran ɓalle daga watanni 1 zuwa 3.
Cyclamen sprouts
Needsasa tana buƙatar shayarwa da iska. Na farko, launin shuɗi-mai ruwan hoda mai haske a kan farfajiya. A lokacin da girma kamar wata ganye, nutse seedlings da sake zama a cikin mutum tasa. Bayan kwanaki 7-14, yana da kyau a ciyar da takin gargajiya. Bloomsen blooms jiran shekara. Furanni waɗanda aka shuka a gida ana rarrabe su ta hanyar ƙarfin gwiwa da lafiya, idan aka kwatanta da mutane da aka saya.
Idan cyclamens girma, ana buƙatar kulawa mai dacewa. Sanarwa tare da kwatancen furen da kuma yanayin narkarda da haifuwa zai taimaka wa masu farawa suyi ado da kayan cikin gidan su kuma kiyaye tasirin kayan ado na dogon lokaci.
