Larch shine ɗayan tsirrai da aka fi amfani da su wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin shimfidar wurare a cikin Rasha. Tana da tushe sosai bayan dasawa. Ga mutane da yawa, sunan shuka yana da alaƙa da babban nau'in itace, amma akwai wasu, alal misali, larch na kuka.
Dasa kuma kula da Pendula na lardin Pendula
A kara, larch an yi amfani da kwanan nan don shimfidar wurare. Kodan an zaunar da kodan a jikin katako (tsawan daga mita 1 zuwa 2) domin daga baya suyi kambi ta hanyar baka. Theungiyar ta fi son ƙara girma a kan dutse, don haka suna ƙoƙarin dasa shi a cikin tsaunukan dutse ko ƙirƙirar tsarin magudanar ruwa ta amfani da manyan adadin duwatsu.
Lack Stack
Game da saukarwa
Don dasa larch, yana da daraja zaɓi wurin da ƙasa za ta kasance loamy ko yashi. Tana buƙatar ƙasa mai da-ruwa, alhali ba ta yarda da hana ruwa ba. Rashin lalacewa ta kusanci kusancin ruwan ƙasa - tushen tsarin shuka ya shiga zurfi a cikin ƙasa, saboda haka wuce haddi na danshi na iya sa ya lalace. Saboda gaskiyar cewa Tushen suna cikin zurfin, itaciyar ba ta tsoron sanyi da tsawan sanyi.
Yankin don shuka girma ya kamata a buɗe kuma yana da kyau. Ya kamata a dasa bishiyoyi a cikin bazara (ba su kafa buds ba) ko a cikin kaka (lokacin da ganye suka faɗi) a nesa na 2.5 zuwa 3 m daga juna.
Yana da daraja la'akari da abun da ke ciki na ƙasa wanda shuka ya yi girma. Idan shuka don gyara shimfidar wuri daga yanki mai dutse, larch zai buƙaci abun da ke cikin alkaline na cakuda ƙasa, idan kusa da wuraren marshy - acidic. Yin shirya canjin dasa ya kamata ya danganta da ƙasar da aka saba don shuka (sassan 2), daɗa peat da humus a ciki (1 kowane ɗayan).
Fasahar saukarwa:
- Ana shirya rami auna 60 (nisa) ta 80 (zurfi) cm.
- Placedangare na substrate an sanya shi a ginin ramin kuma ya zubar.
- Tushen ana nutsarwa a cikin rami, a hankali, yana riƙe da akwati, an dasa shuka a ciki.
- Ana amfani da ƙasa a kusa da bishiyar kuma an shayar.
- Don haka danshi ba ya ƙafe da sauri, yankin gangar jikin yana mulched da sawdust, zaka iya amfani da peat.
Game da tafiya
Yankin kusa-ƙasa na ƙasa koyaushe ya kamata ya kasance mai kwance kuma mai tsabta game da ciyawa. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun na saukowa. Aƙalla sau 2 a shekara, ana buƙatar weeding tare da namo.
A cikin shekaru 3 na farko bayan dasa shuki, yana da daraja yin ciyarwar kaka-kaka-kaka. Zai fi kyau sanya su cikin aiwatar da ruwa. Ruwa tsirrai a kalla sau biyu a mako.
Da amfani Shagunan masana'antu na musamman suna ba da babban zaɓi na manyan riguna don nau'in itace. Don daidaitaccen larch, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hadaddun shiri na Kemira.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, ya zama dole don kare tsire-tsire, saboda ba su da tsayayya da tsananin sanyi. Cire yankin akwati, kunsa kambi da akwati.
Trimming larch
Larch a kan kara yana buƙatar kwalliyar shekara. Itatuwa yayi girma sosai cikin shekaru 20 na farko, yana iya ƙarawa zuwa 20-40 cm a kowace shekara, saboda haka yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar kambi, saita layin ci gaban gaba. Dole ne a yi wannan pruning a farkon bazara. Hakanan a cikin bazara, yankan rassan ma yana yiwuwa (bayan shekara 5). A wannan lokacin, ana yanke tsoffin rassan ko kuma aka yanke rassan masu rauni, wannan hanyar tana ƙarfafa samuwar sabbin harbe. Hakanan wajibi ne don cire rassan bushe ko lalatattu don tabbatar da ingantaccen ci gaban shuka.
Abun ciki tare da larch a kan kara
Don ƙirƙirar shimfidar wuri mai ban sha'awa, yana da daraja ku ɓata lokaci a zaɓi na tsirrai waɗanda zasuyi tare da larch. Zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don manyan maƙwabta don itacen lambun kuka:
- Amarya ko dutsen dutse don haɗawa da sauƙi. Na farko shine shuka mai yaduwa wanda ya rufe ƙasa, na biyu - akasin haka, kafa, jaddada kyakkyawa na tsire-tsire mai kuka.
- Don abun da ke cikin fure, rhododendron tare da azalea ya dace. A bangon tushen harbe mai gudana, furanni daban-daban masu kama da ke gangarowa zuwa ƙasa suna da launi.
- Kyakkyawan tsintsiya mai ban sha'awa yana girma da girma a kan asalin abin pendula, iri-iri tare da laushi mai kyau. Rashin daidaituwa na abun da ake ciki za'a kammala shi ta hanyar mai jan launi mai launuka iri-iri.
Abun ciki tare da larch na kuka
Ba wai kawai gadaje na fure ba za a iya yin ado da waɗannan tsire-tsire ba. Ana iya dasa shi kusa da gazebo. Har ila yau harbe zasu rataye shi a hankali, suna samar da kwanciyar hankali.
Kukan larch a cikin shimfidar wuri
Haske. Lokacin zabar shafin don dasa shuki, yana da daraja la'akari da abin da zai kasance cikin jituwa da (a cikin abun da aka shuka ko a cikin dasa guda).
Yin kururuwa itatuwa domin gonar
An fara amfani da tsire-tsire na ƙawance da adon ado shekaru da yawa da suka gabata. Ana iya samun su sau da yawa a cikin salon Turai, kazalika da gabashin gefen ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Wasu daga cikin wuraren da aka dasa tsararren tsirrai halitta ne ta hanyar kanta, wasu kuma masu shayarwa ne suka karu. Sun ƙaunace tare da masu zanen kaya da kuma lambu don tsananin tsananin hunturu.
Willow
Willow shine shuka mai rarrafe. Akwai fiye da 600 na jinsunan. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da yanayin girma, wasu daga cikinsu suna kamar itace.
Ganyen Willow kunkuntar da elongated. Crohn na da sassauƙa kuma mai ma'ana. The harbe ne na bakin ciki, dan kadan nuna. Yawancin jinsunan ba su wuce mita 15 ba ga tsayi, amma akwai wakilai masu kama da bishiyoyi da yawa waɗanda zasu iya girma zuwa mita 40.
Yawancin har yanzu suna jayayya game da: Willow - shin itace ko itace? Yawancin suna da sha'awar samun nau'i biyu na girma. Wannan inji ana samun sa ko'ina. Willow yayi kyau sosai a cikin ɗayan wuri da wuraren haɗawa.
Shrub willow ya sami farin jini sosai a yankuna na arewacin Rasha, saboda yana sauƙaƙe yanayin yanayi mai wuya. Ba ta da fassara, baƙo ne mai yawan zuwa baƙar magana, kusa da hanyoyi, har ma a kan iyakar. Zai yi girma a duk inda za a sami wani abu (ko da kaɗan) yanki.
Epwararren tsintsiya itace itace ko itacen tsintsiya wanda ke da ire-ire da iri iri a cikin dangin sa. An bambanta tsarin willow mai kuka da gaskiyar cewa, idan aka kwatanta da sauran wakilan kwayoyin, yana da kambi na gaskiya, wanda aka kafa daga ɓoyayyen magudanar kwarara. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da bishiyoyin daskararru don yin shinge na dutse ko shirya shinge daga nau'ikan bishiyoyi.
Willow yana kuka
Yin kuka mai amfani da yanar gizo
Wannan shine ɗayan mafi kyawun tsire-tsire mai ƙoshin hawaye. Duk da cewa China ita ce mahaifarta, tana jin daɗi a cikin yanayin Rasha. A cikin tsawo ya kai mita 20 zuwa 40. A kan kwarara bakin ciki harbe, scaly ganye suna densely located, sun yi kama daga nesa rassan feta cuku. Baya ga ciyawar kayan ado, mashigin yanar gizo yana da daɗin furanni mai ban sha'awa, wanda ke faruwa a cikin watannin Afrilu-Mayu.
Fitar mai amfani da yanar gizo
Alurar riga kafi ba sabon abu bane ga aikin lambu. Wannan yana haifar da nau'in bishiyar ban sha'awa a cikin gandun daji. An kirkiro hanyoyin yin kuka:
- Tsuntsaye
- Itace Ash
- Dutsen ash.
Kodan basasu a hankali zuwa sama, amma a kasa. Lokacin da harbe suka fara girma, suna kama da baka, a hankali suka fara zama suna kama da itacen tsalle-tsalle, inda sunan kowane ɗayan bishiyoyin ya fito.
Yin kuka da siffofin
Yarinyar tsirrai
Hayan dutse dutse
Dankali mai ban sha'awa tare da kambi na kambi na yau da kullun na iya ƙara zest zuwa shimfidar wuri. Girman akwati ya dogara da matakin da aka aikata inoculation. Irin wannan tsire-tsire yana da matukar buƙata a kan haske, don haka ya kamata ka zaɓi hanyar buɗe don dasa ko ɗan inuwa kaɗan. Hakanan kuna buƙatar kulawa da danshi - dutsen dutsen yana ƙauna saboda ƙasa tana da danshi, amma kada ku cika shi.
Kuka ash
Babban zaɓi don shimfidar wuraren lakeside ko filin wasan yara. Kambi ya yi kama da babban tanti, yana ba da inuwa. Bayan grafting, harbe suna girma a kwance, daga baya suka fara lanƙwasa, suna gangara ƙasa. Kafa a kambi na itace a kan siffar laima. Fi son yin girma a wuraren rana ko a inuwa m. Ash ne musamman rashin jituwa ga yanayi, amma yana ci gaba mai kyau akan ƙasa mai laushi sosai.
Kukan birch
Itace mai siffar kambi mai kuka, wanda reshensa ya gangara zuwa kasa, yayi kwalliya mai kyau a cikin sauko guda ko ƙirƙirar abun da zai iya kasancewa tare da kandami ko kusa da jiragen ruwa. Irin wannan shuka ana iya yada shi saboda wata allurar rigakafin da take gudana kai tsaye a saman ɓangaren kara. Bayan alurar riga kafi, ya kamata ku ba da lokaci ga shuka don murmurewa, a cikin bazara (kafin ya kwarara ruwan itace) zai yuwu a watsa shi. Ya fi son girma cikin wurare masu haske. Sauran yanayin ba su da ma'ana.
Yin kururuwa na kururuwa
Za a iya ƙirƙirar tsari daga tsire-tsire da yawa, galibi masu shayarwa suna amfani da bishiyoyi don waɗannan dalilai. Amma akwai bushes da ke kama da ban sha'awa tare da sabon abu kambi, alal misali, hawthorn. Daga bishiyoyi masu saurin girma ko tsire-tsire mai yawa, zaku iya ƙirƙirar dasa ban sha'awa don shimfidar wuri, wanda zai yi kama da daji maimakon itace. Ana iya samun irin wannan "daji" daga sophora na Jafananci. Yana girma a hankali, nau'i mai fashewa da rassa suna haifar daga itacen ƙwallon ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi wanda yake kama da itace.
Tsarin kambi uku na bishiyoyi masu kuka
Yawancin nau'in rawanin ba na halitta bane, saboda haka, lokacin da bishiyoyi suka sake haihuwa, siffar su na iya ɓace. Lokacin zabar seedlings a cikin gandun daji, yana da daraja la'akari da wannan gaskiyar kuma sayen tsire-tsire waɗanda sun riga sun yi sanyi aƙalla sau ɗaya. Sun rigaya, a wata ma'ana, sun zama yanayin hunturu-Hardy. Don rawanin kuka, an ƙirƙira sunayen Latin don kowa.
Crohn Pendula
Tsarin kuka mai tsayi shine pendula, pendulina ko pendens. Rassan da ke rataye ƙasa suna ƙirƙirar silsila mai laushi mai laushi. Artificially halitta kambi za a iya lura a dutsen ash.
Crohn Ref ẹhin
Wani nau'in kuka mai ban tausayi - refalite yayi zurfi a ƙasa. Wannan shine irin aikin bude kambi na kuka. Ana amfani da shi don masu shayarwa don ƙirƙirar fasalin tsire-tsire mai kuka. Shahararru a tsakanin su:
- Birch
- Willow;
- Mulberry;
- Ceri Bird;
- Bee
Crohn Inversa
Riga mai kaɗa (drooping) kuka na kambin yana jujjuya shi. Yana jan hankalin mutane daga wasu. Ana iya ganin sa a ash. A cikin wuraren kiwo don hawaye, ana amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar sifar kambi a cikin conifers.
Itace Birch
Duk wani nau'in kambi na kuka ana iya samun sa, domin wannan ya wajaba don samar da kowane mai harba, yana jagoranta ta hanyar da ta dace. Yin shimfidar wuri daga kayan kwalliya tare da tsire-tsire kamar Birch, ash ash ko larch na kuka a kan kara zaiyi kama da ban sha'awa, yana ƙara murɗa kan kowane yanki.
