Gloriosa - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Gloriosa (Gloriosa) - tsire-tsire mai fure tare da harbe mai fure daga dangin Liliaceae. A cikin daji, tsayin itacen zaitun na iya zama mit 2. M samfurori na gida suna girma a matsakaicin matsakaici, tsayin harbe har tsawon shekaru ya kai fiye da mita.

Itace tayi fure daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka. Tana da furanni masu ban mamaki da fure tare da petals an jingina da baya. Wurin haifuwar gloriosa yankuna ne masu zafi a Afirka. Ana samo shi a cikin yanayin halitta a Indiya. A Ostiraliya, gloriosa ya zama ruwan dare gama gari ana ɗauka cewa mummunan ƙugu ne wanda ke hana tsire-tsire masu amfani.

Kuma duba yadda ake girma chlorophytum a gida.

Abubuwan da ke da fa'idodi na gloriosa

Gloriosa tsire-tsire ne mai guba. A cikin ɓangaren sararin samaniya da tushen fure yana dauke da alkaloid colchicine, ƙarancin adadin wanda shine 0.006 g kawai - zai iya haifar da guba mai haɗari. Amma gidaopaths da masana magunguna suna amfana daga abubuwa masu guba.

Colchicine, wanda ke shafar kodan kuma yana cutar da wahayi, a gwargwadon dama da haɗe tare da abubuwan da suka dace, yana hana rarraba sel, yana rage samar da uric acid. Amfani da kyau da aka yi amfani da shi yana taimaka wajan magance alamomin gout, ana amfani dashi don kiyaye amyloidosis.

Gloriosa: kulawar gida. A takaice

Tropical shuka dauki tushen a gida tare da wahala. Don taimakawa karin yabo a gida, sun ƙirƙiri yanayi mai dacewa don gloriosa:

Kulawar Gloriosa a gida. Daki-daki

Idan ka kula da tsirrai da kuma kulawa da ita yadda ya kamata, kun yi sa'a ganin asalinsa asalinsa.

Flowering

Furen fure na gloriosa na gida ba sabon abu bane kuma bayyananne. Single drooping furanni samar a kan dogon (har zuwa 0.2 m) peduncles. Zurfin furanni zai iya kaiwa har zuwa cm 15. Petals sau da yawa suna da launi mai sautin biyu (yana iya canzawa a lokacin fure) da saman scalloped.

A cikin wasu nau'in, furannin sun lanƙwane. A kan harba, har zuwa furanni bakwai ana kafa su lokaci guda, wanda ke nuna biyun. Fulawa tayi ta bazara. Bayan shi, an kirkiro 'ya'yan itace - kwalin da tsaba.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Itace mai zafi tana buƙatar zafi. Don haɓaka ingantaccen gloriosa, an wajabta kulawa ta gida don sarrafa tsarin zafin jiki. Ana ajiye fure a cikin bazara a zazzabi na + 23 - 25 ° C. Da farkon kaka, sannu a hankali ana rage shi.

Zuwa lokacin hunturu, shafin motsin ya fara sauka zuwa + 14 ° C. Kada a bada izinin canjin yanayi mai kaifi: inji na iya mutuwa.

Idan an fitar da fure zuwa baranda don bazara, sun tabbata cewa ana kiyaye gloriosa daga iska.

Fesa

Dole ne a kiyaye Gloriosa a gida a cikin zafi (55 - 70%) zafi. Idan ya bushe a gida, shuka ba zai yi fure ba. An ɗora zafi a hanyoyi da yawa. Feshi yana yiwuwa idan gloriosa baya fure. A lokacin furanni, sun hada da humidifiers; An sanya akwati na ruwa kusa da tukunyar. Furen fure tare da fure mai fure akan pallet tare da pebbles rigar.

Haske

Gloriosa yayi girma sosai kuma yana fure mai ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin haske mai yaduwa mai haske. Sabili da haka, an sanya akwati tare da fure akan gabas ko yamma taga. Tagan da ke fuskantar arewa bai dace ba: akwai wani haske kadan, amma kuma duhu. A kan taga ta kudu, akasin haka, yana da haske sosai.

Haske mai zurfi na iya haifar da ƙonewar ganye.

Watsa Gloriosa

Akwai tambayoyi da yawa koyaushe game da shuka shuka a gida. Ana la'akari da Gloriosa mai son danshi, amma lalata ruwa yana da matukar haɗari a gareta. Zai iya tsayayya da fari, amma idan ƙasa ta mutu 1/3, lokaci yayi da za a shayar da shi. Sabili da haka, dole ne a tuna cewa shayar da gloriosa na buƙatar matsakaici da kan kari. A lokacin rani, lokacin da shuka ke rayayye da fure, ana shayar da shi sau da yawa fiye da sauran lokutan.

Yana yin sanyi a cikin kaka, ana buƙatar ruwa kaɗan. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da shuka ke hutawa, ba a gajiya da damuwa ba. Don ban ruwa, koyaushe suna ɗaukar ruwa mai ruwa, an tsayar da ruwa. Watering ya fi kyau da yamma ko da sanyin safiya: wannan hanyar za a kiyaye danshi mafi kyau.

Gloriosa tukunya

Zaɓin damar an zaɓi yin la'akari da halaye na shuka da girmanta. Lokacin sayen tukunya don gloriosa, dole ne mutum ya tuna cewa a cikin akwati mai fadi da tsire-tsire ba zai yi fure ba. Matasa nodules, wadanda aka rabu da su daga mahaifar tuber, ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane waɗanda diamita ba ya wuce milimita 150.

Bayan haka, an zaɓi fadin tukunya yana yin la'akari da girman tubers; tsawo - yin la’akari da girman kayan dasawa da tsayin danshin magudanar ruwa.

Kasar

Gloriosa yana buƙatar ma'adinan mai narkewa tare da tsakaitaccen digiri na acidity. Preparationasa shiri za a iya yi a gida da kuma yin cakuda daidai sassan sod ƙasar, peat da ganye ƙasar.

A cikin shagon zaka iya sayan kayan share fage na fure don furanni. A kowane ɗayan abubuwan da ke cikin gidan, vermiculite, kwakwalwan brick, ƙwallon ƙura an ƙara don ba friability mafi girma.

Taki da taki

A lokacin furanni na gloriosa, hadi da takin gargajiya sun zama dole domin ya tsawaita aikin, ya kara adadin alkalami kuma ya basu haske mai yawa. Ana aiwatar da hanyar ne kowane kwanaki 15 bayan shayin maraice (sannan an dasa shuka a rana ɗaya).

Aiwatar da takin zamani na ma'adinai na duniya, a cikin adadi mai yawa da ke ɗauke da phosphorus da potassium (takin mai magani dole ne a tsage shi da ruwa sau 2). A cikin kaka da hunturu, ciyar ba a za'ayi.

Juyawa

Ana yin amfani da Gloriosa a kowace bazara. Wani farin rufi na magudanar ruwa da wani sashi na substrate an zuba su a kasan tukunyar. Matasa ƙarancin ƙarancin lalacewa ne. An rabu da shuka daga mahaifiyar a hankali, ba rarrabuwa cikin sassa, dasa a kwance.

Ana yin dasa dutsen domin manyan gungumen babba na tuber ya tashi sama da ƙasa ta 25 mm. Kafa wani tallafi. Ruwa da shuka. Suna jiran ruwan ya zubo sama da ƙasa ta zauna dan kadan. Bayan haka, ƙara ƙasa kaɗan.

Bayan dasa, an sanya shuka a cikin inuwa don kwana 7. Bayan sati 2, sun fara ciyarwa.

Mai jan tsami

Gloriosa baya bukatar girki. Hanyar ba ta shafi ɗaukar ciyawar ba, amma tana shafar daɓar fure. Furanni na Gloriosa suna farawa a saman harbe. Yanke su, dole ne ka jira lokaci mai tsawo don fure: yana ɗaukar dogon lokaci don shuka don murmurewa.

Lokacin hutawa

Blossoming - don haka na asali da haske - tayoyin gloriosa. Saboda haka, shuka yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa, wanda yake bayyane a fili, faduwa ganye. Tashin tarkace ya bushe. A kan tushen tuberous mai sanyi a cikin bazara, ci gaban matasa zai sake bayyana. Kuna iya barin ɗandaren itacen inabi a cikin filayen fure a cikin wani wuri mai bushe, bushe har ƙarshen Fabrairu, sannan a tura shi cikin sabuwar ƙasa.

Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na abun hunturu zai kasance + digiri 15. Na biyu zaɓi - bayan bushewa da vines, an cire tuber daga ƙasa. Bayan barci mai nauyi a kowane bangare tare da yashi ko peat, adana shi a cikin kunshin takarda a + digiri 13. A farkon Maris, ana shuka ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin substrate.

A wannan yanayin, seedlings zai bayyana daga baya fiye da lokacin da dasa shuki a potted itacen inabi. Ragowar mulkin gloriosa yana lura daga shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Liana ƙanƙara ba ta bushewa don hunturu, an barshi cikin tukunya a wuri mai sanyi.

Ajiyayyen

Gloriosa itacen inabi ne. Tsarin shuka zai iya haɓaka yadda yakamata kuma yayi kyau, yana da goyon baya. Yanayi, yana taimakawa fure, anyi wa kawunan furannin ganye babba da antennae. Tare da taimakonsu, gloriosa ya manne wa wani tallafi, yana kare harbe mai bakin ciki da furanni masu taushi daga karaya.

Babu eriya akan ƙananan ɓangaren harbe, saboda haka, an sanya tallafi a cikin nau'ikan katako, tsani tare da kunkuntar katako, tarho ko igiya mai ƙarfi, layin kamun kifi. Mafi mahimmanci, goyan baya ya zama ya zama mai bakin ciki saboda ƙaramin eriya zasu iya kama shi.

An sanya goyon baya a hankali sosai don kada a karya harbe-harbe.

Yaduwar Gloriosa

A gida, ana yadu da gloriosa ta hanyoyi biyu.

Girma Gloriosa daga Tsaba

Taron yana da tsawo, sakamakon ba koyaushe ya zo daidai da tsammanin. Tsaba suna da ƙwaya mai girma; sprouts tare da wahala ci gaba. Kwana daya kafin dasa shuki, an shuka tsaba a cikin wani bayani na ci gaban da yake bunkasa. Dasa a cikin ƙasa, zurfafa ta 0,5 mm. Rufe tare da fim kuma germinate a cikin wurin dumi a + 23 ° C. Sanya iska a kowace rana; shayar lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe. Zai ɗauki kimanin wata guda don yin shuka. Lokacin da nau'ikan ganye guda 2, ganye yana girma.

Gloriosa yaduwa ta hanyar tubers

Ana amfani da hanyar yaduwar gloriosa ta hanyar tubers sau da yawa: yana da tasiri sosai. An raba ƙananan ƙananan ɓarna a cikin shuka daga uwar tsohuwar shuka. An shuka su a cikin ƙasa mai kwance, suna jagoranci ma'anar haɓaka. Nan da nan kafa goyon baya, don kada ku lalata tubers. Germinate tare da ƙananan dumama ba tare da ruwa ba. Watering fara a lokacin da harbe bayyana. An dasa tsire-tsire masu girma zuwa cikin babban akwati.

Shuka da aka samu ta hanyar iri zaiyi fure cikin kimanin shekaru biyu. Ba ya adana abubuwa masu rarrafe na mahaifiyar shuka.

Cutar da kwari

Idan ka kula da gloriosa cikin mummunan imani, zai iya haɓaka cututtuka, kuma zai kasance mai sauƙi ga kwari don cutar da shuka mai rauni. Ana nuna matsaloli ta hanyar nau'ikan alamu daban-daban:

• Gloriosa kwararan fitila rot - sakamakon malalar ruwa (suna tsabtace tuber daga lalacewa, magance shi tare da wakili mai ban sha'awa da kuma yayyafa da ci foda; idan wannan ya faru a cikin hunturu, ana adana ƙwayar; a wasu lokuta, ana dasa shi a ƙasa);
• ganye ya bushe da asarar turgor - alama ce ta tushen abin lalacewa daga danshi;
• gloriosa baya fure - rashin haske, furen fure mai faɗi, lalacewar tarin idan an adana shi ba kyau (sake shirya a wani wuri mai haske; yaɗaɗa cikin ƙaramin fure; yi ƙoƙarin yayyafa shi da foda gawayi ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace man shafawa, bushe da shuka);
• ganye juya kodadde - karamin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
• Ganyen Gloriosa ya yi duhu - daga zazzabi mai kaifi, kaɗa-kaɗa (sake shirya shi a wani wuri mai kariya daga iska);
• gloriosa sannu a hankali yana girma - canjin yanayi mai kauri;
• Ganyen Gloriosa sun juya launin rawaya - daga ƙarancin zafi (aka fesa idan gloriosa bai yi fure ba; an sanya shi a kan akwatina tare da ɗakunan leya);
• farin plaque a cikin ganyayyaki - daga ban ruwa tare da ruwa mai wuya (don kare ruwa, wani lokacin ƙara citric acid ko lemun tsami a ciki - 0.2 g ko 3 saukad da kowace lita na ruwan da aka yanke).

Sau da yawa wani tsire-tsire mai rauni ya shafi mite gizo-gizo, sikelin, aphids. An wanke magungunan kwari tare da shawa, ana kula da shuka tare da maganin kashe kwari.

Nau'in Gloriosa gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin yanayin halitta akwai nau'o'in gloriosa daban-daban. A gida, jinsuna daya da ire-irensa sune galibi.

Gloriosa tana da girma, ko alfarma (Gloriosa superba)

Dogon (har zuwa 200 cm) liana tare da harbe na bakin ciki. Cikakke kore ganye suna da m surface. Tsawonsu ya kai 100 mm, nisa - 30 mm. An nuna goge baki. A cikin axils na ganye, an kafa furanni tare da daskararre (har zuwa 80 mm) furanni mai hura wuta tare da launi na peculiar: a waje suna da launin ruwan kifi tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Gefen ciki yana da mulufi daga sama, da zinare a ƙasa. Yana blooms duk lokacin rani.

Shahararrun nau'ikan

Mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan gloriosa na marmari sune:

Gloriosa Luxurious Yellow (Gloriosa Lutea)

Wani ɗan gajeren (har zuwa 0.9 m) tare da furanni lemun tsami mai haske.

Gloriosa Carsonii

Plantaramar shuka tare da fure mai launi biyu: violet - fure mai launin ruwan kasa tare da alaƙar zinare.

Gloriosa Luxurious Grena (Gloriosa Greenii)

Farfajiyar farantin takardar ba ta scalloped, amma cikakkiyar santsi. Dogon tsayi (har zuwa 85 mm) furanni masu launin rawaya, an rufe su a waje, suna kama da fitilun wuta.

Gloriosa Rothschildiana

Tsawon liana ya wuce cm 200. Manyan furanni a gefunan an ciko su - lemun tsami, a tsakiyar - carmine-ja.

Gloriosa Modesta (Gloriosa na zamani)

Liana matsakaici ne a cikin girman (kasa da 200 cm). Takardun ganye suna da launin koren launi mai haske. Manyan furanni masu drooping ana fentin rawaya da ruwan lemo mai zaki. Fuskokinsu mai sheki ne.

M tropicana ne m, ta na bukatar kulawa ta musamman. Saboda haka, gloriosa yana da wuya a cikin gidaje. Idan furen yayi sa'a tare da mai kulawa da kulawa mai haƙuri, bazai ci gaba da bin bashi ba kuma zai rama tare da fure mai ban mamaki.