Dahlia - Sarauniyar kaka furanni. Ya ci gaba da shukawa har sai marigayi, lokacin da wasu furanni sun yi kauri. Bugu da ƙari, dahlia ba shi da wuyar kulawa da shuka. A yau, yawancin lambu, tare da sunadaran, sun fara dasa shuki dahlias, namo da kiyayewa wanda ba sa haifar da matsala.
Shin kuna sani?An san Dahlia tun daga lokacin Mayan da Aztec Indians. Ana amfani da shi ta hanyar nau'i na ruwa, da kuma tushen - don dafa abinci. A Turai, wadannan furanni sun bayyana a cikin karni na XVIII.
Yadda za a karbe tsaba don dasa
Zaɓin tsaba don dasa shuki nahlias na shekara-shekara ya dogara ne akan abubuwan da zaɓaɓɓu da sha'awar lambu. Idan kana son samun furanni da wuri, zaɓa iri iri daban-daban. Irin wannan tsire-tsire ba sa amfani da karfin iko a kan girma da tsayi a baya fiye da wasu. Daya daga cikin shahararrun iri shine:
- "Funny mutane" - dwarf iri-iri, har zuwa 70 cm a tsawo. Da dama launuka;
- "Figaro" - farkon iri-iri, har zuwa 30 cm a tsawo. Differs a cikin haske canza launin na furanni;
- "Pompon Mix" - tsawo yana da 70-120 cm. Fure-fure suna da haske sosai, a cikin nau'i na pompons, an ajiye su na dogon lokaci bayan yankan;
- "Anvins Dryf Highbreeds" - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, har zuwa 70 cm. furanni guda biyu, yada bushes. A daya daji na iya Bloom har zuwa 10 furanni;
- "Hast Dandy" - low, har zuwa 55 cm. Sun kasance a cikin nau'in nau'i irinhilin. Large m bushes, wanda zai iya Bloom har zuwa 15 furanni. Tamanin ya zama m, muni ko ja tare da iyakar farar fata.
Yadda za a zabi iri-iri na dahlias na shekara-shekara
Domin kada kuyi kuskure a zabar iri iri iri, yanke shawarar abin da kuma inda za ku dasa su. A yau, yawancin irin wadannan tsire-tsire suna sayarwa, sun bambanta da tsawo, launi na furanni, lokaci na flowering, nau'i na petals da buds. Domin furen ya yi kama da juna, kula da lokacin sayen tsaba don shuka tsayi da lokacin flowering.
Muna nazarin rubutun
Lokacin sayen tsaba, tabbas ka karanta bayanin akan launuka akan kunshin. (a daya kunshin zaka iya samun saurin iri daban-daban - iri ɗaya, amma a launi daban-daban). Idan kana son shuka dahlias a gefen iyakar, zabi iri iri (tsayin su har zuwa 45 cm). Don flower gadaje, dahlias dace da kadan mafi girma - har zuwa 60 cm.
A lokacin da dasa shuki dahlias a kan seedlings, dasa shuki
Domin tsire-tsire ku ci gaba da ingantawa da kuma bunkasa flowering, ya kamata ku sani Yadda za a shuka dahlias a kan seedlings: 
- shuka tsaba don seedlings ana da za'ayi a farkon Afrilu;
- An shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye na musamman ko kwantena don seedlings;
- ƙasa ya kamata kunshi peat da yashi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1 tare da kari na sprays na halitta (perlite);
- An shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa: zuba ruwa mai laushi a kan kasa na tanki, wanda akan yada tsaba a fili;
- sama tare da ragar bakin ciki na cakuda ƙasa;
- rufe da tsare da kuma sanya kwanaki 7 a wuri mai dumi (25 ° C).
Yana da muhimmanci!Kwana guda kafin a ɗauka, a buƙatar ƙasa ya zama mai tsanani a yanayin yanayi kuma an warkar da shi tare da wani bayani na manganese (an magance matsalar zuwa 70° С). Yin magani tare da bayani na potassium permanganate ya kamata a gudanar da makonni 2 kafin pickling na seedlings don mayar da al'ada microflora na kasar gona.Dole ne a gudanar da wasanni a hankali don kada ya lalata tushen shuka. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kayan aikin musamman. Ana shuka itatuwan a cikin ƙasa kafin ganye na farko, to, a hankali an yalwata masa ƙasa. Bayan daukana, ana shayar da su daga wani kwalba.
Dahlias ana shuka su ne a tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Yadda za a shuka dahlias
Don haka ƙoƙarinka ba a banza ba ne, kuma ana samun furanni da kyau a fili, ya kamata ka sani a lokacin da dasa shuki dahlia seedlings. Idan an dasa shuki da kyau sosai, za su kara karfi da sauri.
Dasa germinated tsaba a cikin ƙasa
Dasa shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa ana gudanar da shi a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Yanayin ya riga ya dumi, babu hadarin girgizar iska ko kwakwalwa. Kafin dasa shuki a bude ƙasa, seedlings bukatar a taurare. Don yin wannan, a cikin mako ka fitar da dahlias a kan titi tsawon minti 5, da hankali ƙara lokacin da aka yi a cikin iska. A lokaci guda hankali rage yawan zafin jiki a dakin da seedlings, don haka ya zama daidai da waje.
Yana da muhimmanci!Idan kuka girma seedlings a cikin tukwane tukwane, zuba su da alheri kafin dasa a ƙasa. Wannan zai taimaka wajen cire matasan da sauri da sauƙi ba tare da lalata tushen ba.
Wurin don dasa shuki shekara-shekara dahlias
Dahlias sune tsire-tsire masu zafi, saboda haka sashin rana ba tare da samfurori ba ne kuma iska mai kyau ne don dasa shuki. Idan kun shuka furanni a cikin wuraren shaded, za su fara faɗuwa, kuma launi zai zama kodadde. Ba'a bada shawara don dasa su a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi ko kusa da yada shrubs.
Shekaru dahlias: saukowa
Dahlias kullum canja wurin sauyewa daga greenhouse don buɗe ƙasa. Ana shuka furanni a yankunan kudancin Mayu, a yankunan arewacin - a farkon Yuni. 
- Wuri don saukowa ya kamata a dafa a cikin fall. Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa, ƙulla da samfuri don gadaje ko gadaje na flower.
- A cikin bazara, a wurin zaɓaɓɓen, kana buƙatar tono ramuka kuma ƙara wasu ash da takin a gare su.
- Shuka seedlings zuwa zurfin 6-8 cm a cikin rijiyoyin (zurfafawa zuwa na farko leaflets).
- Shayar da lita 4-5 na ruwa da spud daji.
Yadda za a kula da dahlias shekara-shekara
Ba kamar ƙarancin ba, a dahlia shekara-shekara dasa da kulawa yana da sauki. Bayan an fara shuka, sau da yawa kana buƙatar aiwatar da taki kuma kada ka manta game da watering.
Watering da kuma ciyar da tsire-tsire
Ana shayar da dahlias yayin da kasar gona ta bushe da kuma bayan wanka. Ya isa ya yi wannan sau 3-4 a mako daya da safe. Ba zai yiwu ba cewa ruwan a cikin rijiyoyin yana da damuwa, zai iya haifar da juyawa daga asalinsu.
Shuka abinci mai gina jiki yana da sau biyu kafin bayyanar furanni tare da takin mai magani. Da zuwan furanni ya kamata amfani da takin mai magani, wanda ya hada da phosphorus da potassium. Ana iya amfani da ƙura a matsayin taki, domin akwai mai yawa da potassium a ciki, kuma zai taimaka wa tsire-tsire su sami ƙarfi.
Tsayar da tsire-tsire
Don shuka in yarda da mu da yawan furanni, ya kamata a yanke. Wannan ya kamata a yi kullum, kuma a lokacin flowering don cire ko da karin karin harbe. Ana fitar da dahlia mai tsabta don saurin daji, da rigakafin cututtukan fungal da kuma kula da kwaro. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, injin zai overgrow tare da harbe ba tare da furanni ba, zai yi girma kuma zai sami raguwa da ba'a.
Trimming ne yake aikata tare da ruwa ko pruner. Ƙunƙunin wuri yana yayyafa gawayi don warkar da cututtuka. Kada a datsa a cikin rana ta fari ko a cikin yanayi mai sanyi. Wannan zai haifar da bushewa na shuka ko, a cikin wasu, zuwa juyawa.
Kwaro da cuta
Dahlias zai iya sha wahala daga cututtuka da kwari da kulawa mara kyau. Idan kun sani yadda za a magance dahlias don dasa shuki da kyau da kuma gurɓata ƙasa, don aiwatar da matakai masu kariya kuma a lokacin da za a magance matsalolin da suka faru, inji ba zai sha wahala ba. Dahlia suna shan wahala daga cututtukan fungal: fararen launi, fusarium za, launin toka da launin ruwan kasa, da dai sauransu.
Don yaki da cututtuka na fungal, ya kamata ka dasa tsire-tsire a gefe na gefen rana, da fitar da flowerbeds, hallaka shuke-shuke da cututtukan da kuma bi da su tare da fuka-fayen tsarin aiki - Asusun ajiya, Oxyhom.
Shin kuna sani? Abin takaici, cututtuka na bidiyo ba a bi da su ba. An lalata shuke-shuke da aka yi fama da cututtuka, kuma ga masu lafiya suna aiwatar da matakan tsaro (spraying daga kwari).
Babban kwari don dahlias ne: aphid, nematode, kodayyen kabeji, daki-gamma, slugs, whitefly, thrips. Don amfanin kariya na kwaro, dole ne a dauki matakai m: kau da weeds, tattara tarurruka na beetles da caterpillars, digging da miya ƙasa kafin dasa.Idan shan kashi ya zama tartsatsi, amfani da nazarin halittu, halayen yanayi - Lepidocid, Bitoxibacillin. Daga sunadarai sunyi amfani da nau'in kwari Iskra-M, Fufanon.
Don haka sanin duk game da dahlias, su dasa da namo ba za su dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba, kuma sakamakon zai ji dadin ku da yawa da furanni. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna kula da kyawawan gonar har sai da marigayi kaka, kuma an adana abubuwan da suka hada da kayan ado da bugu na dogon lokaci.
