Yadda ake girma fern na cikin gida - kulawar gida

Kimanin shekaru miliyan 400 da suka shude, duniyarmu ta kusan cika ƙasa baki ɗaya da ferns tsayi a cikin siffar bishiyoyi. Yanzu mafi yawansu nau'ikan ƙasa ne, wasu suna girma a kan rassa, kamar fitsari, akwai wasu nau'in ruwa mai kama da ruwa. Ba abin mamaki bane, akwai ferns kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida.

Iri Na cikin gida Ferns

Babban nau'in kayan ado:

Ferns a yanayi

1. Nephrolepis (Nephrolepis exaltata) shine shahararrun nau'in fern nau'in girma a gida. Mafi yawan nau'ikan sune Pulmosa tare da ganye mai duhu mai duhu da Rooseveltia tare da ganyayen lobed. Abin lura shine Can Can iri tare da ganyen magarya, Norwoodii tare da ganyen pinnate biyu da ganyen frilly, Whitmanii tare da ganyayyaki masu tsananin bakin ciki;

Babbar hanyar Nephrolepis

2. Adiantum. Wannan kyakkyawar karama ce mai kyawon tsari, tsayin dinta ya kai cm 30-40. Ganyenta kore ne mai haske, mai kamannin ganyen ganyen Gingcobiloba. An kwatanta shi da haɓaka mai sauri sosai (yana ninka girmansa a cikin ɗayan kakar guda ɗaya) da saurin farfadowa. Ba shi da mashahuri kamar Nefrolepis, kuma saboda yana da matukar la’akari da canjin wuri, da sauri yana faduwa yayin yanayin da bai dace da shi ba;

Adiantum Fern

3. Platincerium salmon (Platycerium alcicorne) - fern gida tare da mafi kyawun yanayin. Ganyen suna girma zuwa 70 cm a tsayi, suna da launi mai launin toka-launuka kuma suna kama da juna a cikin zankayen gwiwar. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai haɓaka. Lowerananan zanen gado suna da girma, zagaye, tare da tintin launin ruwan kasa. A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, su, suna manne wa rassan bishiyar mai watsa shiri, suna aiki a matsayin wani akwati wanda ruwa yake tarawa daga hazo. A hankali, tsoffin ganye suna mutuwa, suna samar da humus, shima yana cikin waɗannan kwantena kuma yana aiki don tushen abincin da aka shuka;

Platycerium alcicorne

4. Pelaea rotundifolia (Pellaea rotundifolia). Haihuwar mahaifarta ita ce New Zealand, inda ƙasa a ƙasa take da wadatar arziki a cikin duwatsu. Ganye suna zagaye, koren duhu, mai launin fata. Itace ƙarami ne a cikin girman, har zuwa 30 cm a tsayi;

Pellaea rotundifolia

5. Asplenium nidus (Asplenium nidus). An nuna shi da ganye mai haske mai haske mai haske, mai haske mai launin rawaya mai kamannin dutse. Ya danganta da iri-iri, suna iya zama wavy, serrated, kunkuntar ko fadi, tsayi - har zuwa 1 m.

Asplenium nidus

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na kula da gida

Cikin gida ya dace da girma a cikin gidaje. Noma shi ba ya haifar da takamaiman matsaloli. Bugu da kari, siffofin ganye na asali suna kawo yanayin yanayin sihiri zuwa gidan.

Darajan kayan ado

Abilityarfin yin ado a cikin gidan yana ƙayyade darajar kayan ado na shuka, nau'ikan nau'ikan fern suna ba da zaɓi mai yawa na furanni don amfanin wani nau'in. Kowannensu yana da sifofinsa daban, wanda aka bayyana a cikin siffar da girman mai tushe da ganyayyaki. Anyi amfani da titi titi sosai wurin gyaran wurare, adon lambuna da lambuna.

Amfana da cutarwa ga mazaunan gidan

Yawancin Legends da camfi suna da alaƙa da wannan shuka. Akwai tushen kimiyya da amfani da cutarwa kaddarorin shuka.

Fa'idodin da fern a gida na iya kawowa:

1. Da kyau yakan sha da gubobi. Misali, Nephrolepis yana tsarkake iskar formdehyde da xylene;
2. Godiya ga tsananin fassarawa (motsin ruwa ta cikin shuka), tana shakar iska.

Baya ga fa'idodi, ferns na iya zama lahani ga mutane:

1. Zai iya tsokanar ciwon kai idan suna cikin ɗakin kwana, saboda sakin carbon dioxide da dare;
2. Masu fama da matsalar rashin lafiyan wasu lokuta suna da mummunar amsawa ga ƙwayoyin shuka.

M Properties na wasu nau'in

Abubuwan da ke da guba na ferns suna bayyana yayin amfani da shuka don abinci ko don ƙirƙirar magunguna. Gaskiyar ita ce ana amfani da nau'ikan titi da daji a dafa abinci da magani, gami da girke-girke na mutane da yawa waɗanda ke amfani da sassa daban-daban na fern.

Abubuwan da ke cikin rhinzome na thyroid da Ostrich suna da sakamako mai guba. Guba shine Orlyak, ƙananan harbe waɗanda mutane ke cinyewa. Haka kuma, za a iya yin amfani da mai guba a jikin mutum koda da madara, idan dabbar ta ci shuka.

Don kaucewa guba tare da karaya da shirye-shiryen da aka yi daga gare ta, kuna buƙatar sanin ƙa'idodi game da shirye-shiryenta da kuma lura da yanayin ƙirar magunguna.

Shin zai yiwu a ci gaba da karaya a cikin gidan

Esoaukakawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta haifar da shakku ko yana da haɗari don ci gaba da murza gida a gida. Dangane da imani na ruhaniya yana ɗaukar shi mummunan tasiri da tasiri ga mutum.

Cin fern

Musamman abubuwan ban mamaki sune almara game da fern flower, wanda yake da wahalar ganowa saboda wasu momentsan lokutan furanni, amma sa'ar da ba'a taɓa yin murmushi akan wanda ya same ta ba.

Mystical iko sa wa shuka:

1. Yana inganta alakar iyali, musamman tsakanin tsararraki daban-daban;
2. Vitalarfafa mahimmancin makamashi, ya dace da yanayin tunani. Dangane da mazaunin, yana iya, akasin haka, ɗauki makamashi, ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar cututtuka;
3. Yana kare mazaunan gidan daga mummunan tasirin, lalacewa, da sauransu;
4. Yana rage penchant don asarar kuɗi.

Mutane masu hankali suna iya lura da dasa fern a gida, suna yarda cewa shuka yana jawo matsaloli da rashin masifa. Koyaya, ga yawancin masu furannin fure, tatsuniyoyin ba ba matsala bane don shuka tsiro a cikin wani gida, da jin daɗin yanayin sa.

Dasa karaya a cikin tukunya

Tushen fern yayi girma da sauri, kuma tukunya ta zama mara nauyi, don haka inji yana buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara. Hakanan itace da ganyayyaki suna girma da girma. A lokaci guda, ƙasa tana asarar abinci mai sauri, wanda shine dalili na biyu na yawan jigilar kwayoyin halitta.

Plantungiyar da aka kafa tana tsayar da haɓaka mai saurin girma, mitar motsi yana raguwa zuwa ɗayan cikin shekaru 3. Mafi kyawun lokacin don yanayin shine bazara, kai tsaye bayan tsawon lokacin hutawa.

Yawancin ferns suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suka fi son busasshiyar ƙasa, ƙasa mai wadataccen humus. Mafi kyawun bayani shine siyan na musamman na ferns. Idan an dafa shi da kanshi, to ya zama dole don ƙara takaddara mai narkewa a ciki, yana ƙaruwa da yawan humus. Shouldasa ta zama mai haske, ta iska, tana da kyau danshi, amma ba zai hana yaɗuwa ba.

Don girma fern, ana amfani da substrate acid, yanayin alkaline na shuka ba ya haƙuri. Tare da shiri mai zaman kansa na kasar gona, takarda da ƙasa turɓaɓɓu sun haɗu da peat, yashi mai kauri, da takin takin. An sanya madaidaicin ɗinda aka shirya a cikin tanda da aka rigaya don awa 1-1.5 Wannan zaiyi aiki azaman prophylaxis da kwari.

Amfani dashi

Kyakkyawan tukunya don shuka tana da nauyi, yumbu mafi kyau, mai iya sha da danshi. Haske kwantena na iya tallafi lokacin da fern yayi girma asymmetrically.

Matsayi Canji:

1. A nutsad da karar kai tsaye a cikin tukunya a cikin kwantena cike da ruwa, a jira na mintuna 15-20, sannan a juya ganyen furen sai a cire tsiron da dunƙule na ƙura;

2. A ƙarshen tukunyar tukunya suna kwance wani yanki na magudanar ruwa (ƙananan pebbles, kwakwalwan bulo, da sauransu);
3. Jirgin ruwa ya cika har zuwa tsakiyar tare da ƙasa mai ƙare;
4. Ya kamata a dasa shuka a hankali, a hankali yana yayyafa ƙasa, a bar tushen wuya;
5. Taimako mai kyau bayan dasa shuki yana da matukar muhimmanci. Ba za a iya yin ban ruwa na gaba ba tare da jiran bushewar ƙasa daga bisa ba.

Bayan kwanaki 15, lokacin da fern ya da tushe, kulawar ta sake tashi kamar yadda aka saba.

Sirrin kulawa

Ferns ba daidai bane tare da wani suna wanda yana da wahala kuma yana da matsala matsala a bunkasa su. A zahiri, bayan wani lokaci na karbuwa, wannan shine ɗayan tsirrai mara misalai. Yawancin jinsuna gandun daji ne, sun fi son yanayi mai inuwa da gumi. Matsakaicin wuri a cikin gida shine taga gabas ko yamma, dafaffen dafa abinci. Idan taga yana fuskantar kudu, yakamata ya dasa shuka a bazara da yamma bazara.

Watering da ciyar

Muhimmin sashi na kulawa ta fern shine ganyaye na yau da kullun da kuma yawan shayarwa. Dankin yana da kula da bushewa da kayan maye, amma a lokaci guda, baya son ƙasan ruwa.

Watse fern

A lokacin girma, yakamata a yi ban ruwa kowace kwanaki 2-3 tare da ruwa mai laushi a zazzabi a ɗakin. Ruwan famfo ya yi tsauri, ya ƙunshi carbonate da yawa na baƙin ƙarfe. Kyakkyawan ruwan ban ruwa shine ruwan sama.

Daga Maris zuwa Agusta, fern yana buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun, amma ba sau da yawa fiye da sau ɗaya a wata. Zai fi kyau amfani da takin zamani na musamman don ferns wanda ke ɗauke da ƙananan abubuwan gina jiki fiye da na duniya.

Zazzabi da zafi

Mafi yawan zafin jiki a lokacin girma shine 18-21 ° C, a lokacin hutu na hunturu ya kamata ya zama ƙasa kaɗan, a tsakanin 15-18 ° C.

A gida, kula da fern na cikin gida yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar babban zafi - sama da 60%. Bai kamata a sanya shi kusa da radiators ko wasu hanyoyin zafi ba. Itace tana son spraying na yau da kullun. Kyakkyawan sakamako ana bayar da shi ta hanyar ƙasƙantar da iska kusa da shi. Misali, shigarwa na kayan yumbu cike da ruwa.

Kiwo

Ko da ƙwararrun masu girbi na fure sun guji yaduwa ta fern ta hanyar shuka spores. Kodayake yana da ban sha'awa don lura da matakan mutum na ci gaban kananan tsire-tsire, suna sanya karuwar buƙatu a cikin yanayi kuma suna buƙatar dogon girma.

Baya ga spores, fern na iya ninka a cikin hanyoyi uku waɗanda suka fi dacewa ga lambu:

1. Raba. Hanyar ta dace da duk nau'ikan da ke dauke da rhizomes iri iri. Rhizome ya kasu zuwa sassa da yawa wanda ya ƙunshi kawuna (maki abubuwan da aka makala na ganye). Yankunan da akalla harbe biyu suke rabe. Sannan ga ~ ananan sassan da ke ciki ana zaunar da su cikin kwantena daban;

Yin yaduwar Fern ta hanyar rarrabuwa

2. Itace yana da harbe-harbe a cikin hanyar kibiyoyi. Suna tanƙwara ƙasa a cikin kwantena masu kusa kuma an gyara su sosai. Bayan ɗan lokaci, tsari ya fara aiki, kuma lokaci ya yi da za a raba shi da tsohuwar;
3. Kodan kodan. Brood buds sun rabu lokacin da tushen ya zama akan su. Matasa sun girma zuwa cikin yanayin greenhouse tare da babban zafi da zazzabi na akalla 23 ° C. Ana iya ƙirƙirar su a cikin kwandon filastik. Bayan bayyanar sabon ganye, an dasa tsiron zuwa cikin kwantena daban.

Me yasa ganye ya bushe ya juya launin rawaya

Mafi sau da yawa, tsire-tsire suna fama da cututtukan cututtukan dabbobi, waɗanda sune sakamakon rashin isassun kulawa ga fern gida. Me zan nema?

Musamman, yakamata ya kasance mai damuwa yayin da tukwicin ganyen suka fara canza launin toka, sauran ganyen ya zama ya canza launin sosai. Dalilin na iya zama mai yawa ruwa, haifar da tushen rot, ko low zafi.

Idan kuma aka sami irin waɗannan alamomin masu ba da tsoro, ana cire ganyayyaki marasa lafiya a gindi. Bayan datsa, kuna buƙatar kawar da kurakuran da aka yi, ba da izinin shuka ya sake dawowa kuma ci gaba da kulawa da kyau.

Bushewa ganye a kan fern

Hakanan Fern zai iya mutuwa sakamakon harin kwari ko cututtuka, amma ba su taka babbar rawa ba a rayuwar waɗannan tsirrai. Idan ferns suna cikin ƙananan zazzabi na dogon lokaci kuma danshi yana da girma, zasu iya kamuwa da ƙwayar naman gwari. A wannan yanayin, zagaye ko m launin toka-launin toka ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki, wani lokacin an kewaye shi da kan iyaka. Bar ganye kamuwa da naman gwari ya kamata a cire da kuma hallaka, to, ya kamata a fesa shuka tare da fungicides.

Daga cikin kwari, scabies an dauke su mafi yawan, suna ciyar a kan underside na ganye, tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga gare ta. Ganyen ya zama yana cike da launin rawaya, sannan ya juya ya zama rawaya kuma ya mutu. Dole ne a yanke ganye mai lalacewa, ana kula da tsire-tsire tare da kwari.

Wani dalili kuma don karama shine bushewa ruwa. A wannan yanayin, ana iya sake farfadowa ta hanyar nutsar da tukunya a cikin babban akwati cike da ruwa, a bar shi a can na mintina 15-20. Maimaita hanya don kwanaki da yawa.

Fern da nau'ikan sa sun shahara kamar tsire-tsire na gida saboda sauƙi mai sauƙi da kyawawan damar kayan ado. Kodayake babu wani fure, amma suna girma da sauri, kuma kuskuren fara yan lambu na iya yin lahani kaɗan.