Sarrafa bishiyoyi daga kwari da cututtuka

Kowane mai lambu yana da aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarsa ya ci karo da matsaloli irin su cututtukan kayan amfanin gona da kwari da ƙwari. Idan akwai, ana bada shawara don aiwatar da rigakafin hanyoyin dasa lambun tare da hanyoyi na musamman a shekara.

Gudanar da bishiyoyi daga kwari da cututtuka suna da halaye na kansa. Da zaran bazara ta sauka, ya kamata masu mallakar ƙasa su shirya don kula da sinadarai na gonar. Aikin bazara kai tsaye ya dogara da ingancin aikin hana yin bazara.

Yadda ake fesa itatuwa yadda yakamata

Mafi dacewa lokacin aiki shine safiya na rana, iska mara iska.

Lambar yayyafawa

Hanyoyi don magance kwari kwari yakamata a yi amfani dasu nan da nan gabaɗaya, ba tare da barin samfurin ba har zuwa lokaci na gaba.

Kafin fara aiki, wajibi ne don sa safa hannu na roba, kare fuskarka tare da bandeji na banƙyama ko mai ba da numfashi, sanya murfin ido mai karewa da ɓoye gashinku a ƙarƙashin mafashin, tunda abubuwan da suke haɗaka kwari suna da guba sosai.

Fesa yana gudana daga sama zuwa kasa, farawa daga kambi. Bayan an yayyafa itaciyar gaba ɗaya, abu ne mai mahimmanci ka fesa ɓangaren duniya.

Fasaha ta aiki ta kunshi matakai:

1. Da farko kuna buƙatar cire rassan da sukayi nasarar bushe, da kuma nurs na parasites daga bishiyoyi da bushes. Idan kun yayyafa rassa da ruwa mai tsanani zuwa 70 °, zaku iya lalata larvae kwari.

2. Zaɓin magani game da matsalolin da aka gano.

3. Dole ne a haƙa gindin wannan sashin.

4. Shirya mafita.

5. Yi aiki.

'Ya'yan itacen Itace Tsarkakku

Daga kwari, dole ne a kula da bishiyoyi a lokacin bazara. Da zaran an saita zazzabi na iska a sama + 6 ° C, ana yin fesawa na farko.

Spring spraying

A watan Afrilu, lokacin da aladu suna yin rayayye, ya zama dole a bincika gonar don gano cututtukan fungal da alamun kwari masu cutarwa. Idan an samo su, kuna buƙatar sake fesawa.

A watan Mayu, ana sake yin nazarin tsire-tsire. Idan an sami kwari, gonar ta gurbata sannan kuma ana sake maimaita wannan hanyar har sai an gama fure.

Yadda za a fesa itatuwa a cikin bazara kafin a yi fure

Ana aiwatar da bushes na bishiyoyi da bazara a cikin bazara ta hanyar wanka.

Yadda za a bi da bishiyoyi a farkon bazara? Aiwatar da sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe, DNOC, urea, nitrafen, ruwa na Bordeaux.

Ana amfani da sulfate baƙin ƙarfe don maganin kwaro a tsaka-tsakin shekaru 3-4. Yana kariya daga samuwar naman gwari, lichens da gansakuka. Penetrating cikin saman, yana motsa ci gaban shuka. Don pears da bishiyoyin apple suna ɗaukar kilogiram na 0.5 na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, don amfanin gona na 'ya'yan itace dutse - 0.3 kilogiram na lita 10 na ruwa.

Ana amfani da DNOC don huɗar bazara don kashe duk lardunan hunturu. Don mafita, ana daukar 100 g na kudade a kowace lita 10 na ruwa.

Don fesa lambun da carbamide, saida maganin 7%.

Don magani tare da nitrafen, 300 g na maganin kashewa da lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata a sha.

Itatuwa itatuwa

Don sarrafa ruwa Bordeaux shan shi 3-4% bayani.

Shirye-shirye don fesa bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace

Kayayyakin halittu

Halittu masu rayuwa wani madadin sinadarai ne. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Trichodermin na gwagwarmayar lalacewa, blight late, yana taimakawa gaba da scab. Bai bada sakamako masu illa ba. Ana iya amfani dashi da zaran an kumbura cikin kumburin, lokaci-lokaci kuma maimaita magani duk lokacin da aka gama fure.

• Planriz yayi gwagwarmaya da lalacewa, fari fari, tsatsa, septoria, tsoratar da cututtukan lepidopteran parasites.

• Maganin pentaphage magani ne na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, yana hana samuwar ramuka da aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki da haushi.

• Maganin phyto-likita yana da tasiri don lura da ƙarshen blight, rot da mold, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, fusarium za.

• Mikosan yana kare gonar daga kamuwa da cuta, fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Yana inganta rigakafi na kayan aikin gona.

• Haupsin yana da inganci a kan aphids, kwari da ganye. Bugu da kari, ya ƙunshi nitrogen, don haka zai yuwu a ciyar da tsirrai a lokaci guda.

Haupsin

• Bitoxibacillin yana kiyaye kariya daga cututtukan Lepidoptera da ciwan gnawing.

• Fitosporin-M - magani don scab, rot, tsatsa.

• Ana amfani da Actofit don magance whiteflies, aphids.

• Riverm - magani ga cuta. Amfanin maganin shine babban shigar azzakari cikin farji (ya kai ga tushen tsarin a cikin mintina 30 bayan aikace-aikacen).

Hanyoyin sunadarai

Maganin sunadarai shine ma'aunin tasiri don kare gonar.

Mafi kyawun fungicides don bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace

Fungicides suna da tasiri akan kowace cuta. Tasirin bayan aiwatar da su ya kasance na dogon lokaci. An ba da shawarar a canza su don kar su haifar da rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa abubuwan da ke cikin maganin kashe ƙwari.

Fungicides ya kasu kashi na tsari da tuntuɓa. Tsarin fungicides na tsari yana hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Tuntuɓi fungicides kare da bi da cututtuka. Mafi kyawun fungicides sune:

• Cakuda Bordeaux shine maganin kashe kwari da ke kare kan scab, rot, tsatsa, stains. Abokin aikinta shine Burgundy ruwa.

• Abiga-Peak ita ce maganin kashe kuɗaɗen ƙwayar cuta a cikin rosporai, coccomycosis, moniliosis, curly.

• Iron sulfate baƙin ƙarfe ne don sarrafawa da lura da cutar kansa da chlorosis. Yana taimakawa kawar da gansakuka da lemo.
  

  Maganin sunadarai

• Vectra shine maganin kashe kwari don hana bayyanar scab, mildew powdery. Misalinta ana amfani da sulken daskararre ne.

Amfanin sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe na bishiyoyi

Sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe yana ba da haɓaka mai kyau da haɓaka aiki, wanda shine mabuɗin ingantaccen girbi. Yana lalata dukkanin kwari ba tare da haifar da lahani ga itacen ba, yana bayar da gudummawa ga ɗaukar ƙananan ƙwayoyi - da abubuwan macro. Babu wani sakamako mai tarawa a cikin ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe. Tare da amfanin da ya dace na wannan kashe-kashe, ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen ba ta canzawa. Sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe ya dace da kowane nau'in lambun da bishiyoyin lambun.

A lokacin da za a fesa itatuwa 'ya'yan itace da baƙin ƙarfe sulfate

Suna buƙatar fesawa kafin a buɗe furannin, lokacin da aka yi hadari akan titi, amma babu ruwan sama da iska.

Yadda za a yi baƙin ƙarfe sulfate

Dosages ya bambanta dangane da dalilin amfani:

Baƙin ƙarfe sulfate

• Idan za a yi amfani da sulfate baƙin ƙarfe don farawa ko bayan datsa, to sai a shirya maganin 10%;
• Don kare matsayin 'ya'yan itace daga cututtukan fungal da kwari masu kwari, kilogiram 0.5 na sulfate a cikin lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata a diluted;

• A cikin yaƙin da keɓaɓɓen lichen da Moss, ana amfani da maganin 30%.

• Don aiki na bazara na itacen inabi sau ɗaya a mako ta amfani da 0.1% na baƙin ƙarfe sulfate baƙin ƙarfe.

Maganin jan karfe na jan karfe

Ana gudanar da jiyya tare da sulfate na tagulla a farkon rabin Maris. Maganin maganin sulfate na taimaka wajan magance matsalar gashi, kleasterosporosis, moniliosis, coccomycosis, scab. Saboda gaskiyar cewa sulfate jan ƙarfe yana da guba sosai, ana amfani dashi sau ɗaya kawai a shekara.

Bordeaux ruwa

Idan kun dauki sulfate jan karfe da lemun tsami daidai da hannun jari, kuna samun ruwa Bordeaux. Lokacin amfani da samfur, samfuran masu zuwa ya kamata ayi la'akari dasu:

• Ba za a iya amfani da shi ba tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da phosphorus, magungunan kashe qwari, tare da duk hanyar da ta lalace a cikin yanayin alkaline;

• Sakamakon yaduwar ruwa kowace shekara tare da ruwa na Bordeaux, sakamakon phytotoxicity ya bayyana.

• Jan ƙarfe yana haɗuwa a cikin ƙasa, sabili da haka, don harbe-harbe yana aiki azaman kashe ƙwayoyin cuta;

• Wuce hadadden matsalar na iya haifar da konewar ganye;

• Tagulla yana da guba ga mutane, kifi da dabbobi. Saboda haka, aikace-aikacen sa yana buƙatar yarda da duk ƙa'idodin aminci. Baza a bar ƙwayar Bordeaux ta shiga jikin ruwa ba, fatar mutum, ko gashin dabba.

Ana amfani da ruwa Bordeaux don feshin kaka na lambun.

Bordeaux ruwa

Urea ko urea

Babban maida hankali ne urea shine ingantaccen magani don farkon bazara. Bayan farko na gudana ruwan ya gudana, ana amfani da maganin urea mai rauni don spraying. Wannan zai adana gonar daga aphids, 'yan kanana, ganye da ciyawar fure.

A cikin kaka, ana magance ƙwayar urea sosai tare da ƙasa don lalata larvae kwaro

A miyagun ƙwayoyi N 30

A miyagun ƙwayoyi N 30 halaka kwari wintering a kan yi kuka, da kuma lalata su larvae. Tana shirya fim a jikin gangar jikinta wanda kwari basa iya rayuwa. Amfanin samfurin shine kyakkyawan haɗinsa da sauran magungunan kashe ƙwari.

Rashin kyawun maganin yana jinkirin bazuwar, don haka ana iya amfani dashi bayan shekaru 3, maida hankali kan mafita ya zama mai rauni sosai.

Magungunan magungunan gargajiya

Madadin magunguna na iya zama magungunan jama'a:

• Don magance mitar gizo-gizo, ana amfani da jiko na albasa husks;
  

  Kulawar Jiki

  <

• Jiko na tafarnuwa ko ash da aka narke a cikin ruwan zafi da sabulu mai wanki suna da tasiri a cikin yaƙi da mildew powdery, tartar, caterpillars da aphids;

• Ana gudanar da rigakafin hana dasa plantings tare da bayani na gasa 150 na g gishiri a cikin l 10 na ruwa. Madadin gishiri, zaka iya ɗaukar superphosphate. Idan akwai alamun lalacewar kwaro, wannan maganin zai zama da tasiri.

• Magani na potassium chloride yana kashe caterpillars da aphids.

Yau akwai zaɓi da yawa na kayan aikin feshin gonar. Abubuwan da ke tantance dalilai a cikin zaɓar ɗaya ko wata magani sune yanayin yanayin, yanayin farkon bishiyoyi da shekarunsu. Sakamakon magani zai dogara da lura da ma'auni yayin shirya mafita, da kuma yadda aka zaɓi lokacin spray ɗin daidai.