Itace ratibida mai mulkin mallaka mallakar dangin Asteraceae ko Astrovidae ce; masu shukar furanni sun san nau'ikan perennials 7. An kira siffar fure na ratibida shine hat ɗin Mexico (sombrero), kuma ba a banza ba, tunda yazo daga Mexico.
Bayanin Brief, Asalin Tarihi
Nativeasar asalin furen Ratibida itace tsibirin Amurkan, yankin arewa da tsakiyar ta, ana kiranta harari, ma'ana filayen juzu'i. A yanayi, girma a cikin farin ciki, wanda ba kowa a kuri'a, tare da hanyoyi. Mutanen sun kira shi Echinacea na yabon. An noma ta tun karni na 19. Yana da wuya a cikin yankuna.
Bayanin nau'ikan da aka samo daga tsararren Ratibida columnifera
Ba'a yawancin nau'ikan wannan shuka da aka sani ba, kuma waɗanda aka bayyana a ƙasa sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman.
Ratibida Fair - baƙo daga wuraren shakatawa
Harshen Mexico
Ratibida hat na kasar Mexico itace tsiro ne mai sauƙin ganewa tare da inflorescences na asali mai kama da hat na Mexico a siffar. Manyan furanni har zuwa 8 cm a diamita suna da tsarin reed (5 stamens da pistil 1). Launin furanni launin rawaya-ja, launin ruwan kasa-baki.
An girma a cikin lambuna, a kan ciyawa. A cikin hanyar yanke (bouquets) an adana fiye da mako guda. Flow yana da tsawo kuma yana da yawa, yana ƙare da farkon sanyi.
Mahimmanci! Don namo, wuraren rana sun fi dacewa.
Bayyanawa
Fasalin ratibida-mai siffa Conflover yana girma sosai a wuraren rana ba tare da shading sosai ba.
Sauran
Yawancin launin rawaya Cheyenne tare da furanni masu launin rawaya sun shahara. Hakanan sanannu ne mai tallafin tare da sunan Kyau. An rarrabe shi ta hanyar ruwan furanni mai duhu tare da rawaya mai rawaya a gefuna.
Harkokin hat iri na Mexico
Ratibida sombrero ta yadu da zuriya ta hanyar shuka kuma ta hanyar da ba zuriya ba.
An yi wannan ne kawai:
- M grooves an aza a kan ƙasa tattalin.
- Ana sanya tsaba a cikinsu.
- Yi barci a saman tare da yashi.
- Rufe layuka tare da rassan spruce.
'Yayan itace
Florists sun fi dacewa su yi amfani da shuki na ratibida mallaka. Don samun seedlings, ana shuka tsaba a tsakiyar hunturu, ko kuma, a watan Fabrairu.
Peat kofuna waɗanda aka shirya don shuka don kada cutar da seedlings a yayin nutsewa da dasawa. Kofin cike yake da cike gurbataccen ruwan hade wanda ya kunshi:
- m yashi;
- ƙasar turf
- peat.
Matsakaicin sinadaran shine (1: 1: 1).
Mahimmanci! An dannata tsaba a cikin ƙasa, kuma an rufe ganga a saman tare da fim ko gilashi. Ana adana amfanin gona a cikin wani wuri mai dumin-dumi. Bayan kimanin makonni 2, an cire tsari, kuma harbe suna karɓar hasken rana mai yawa, amma ba kai tsaye ba, amma ya ba da haske.
Hanyar seedling
Ratibida ya sami damar haifar da iri-iri, hakanan, ba tare da 'yan itace ba. Kada a bada izinin haɓakar shuka mai fure. Yana da Dole a yanke balagagge inflorescences tare da farkon wilting furanni.
Ratibida: saukarwa da kulawa
Yanayi da sharuɗan girma suna da sauki. Tsire-tsire na ratibida na Coloniform ba sa nema a kan ƙasa, ba da haƙuri da zafi da sanyi, yayin da fure ke daɗewa.
Girma ratibida
Lokaci don shuka
Ana shuka tsaba ko dai a ƙarshen kaka ko a farkon bazara har sai an share ƙasa gaba ɗaya.
Tsarin iri da shuka
Don shuka kaka, tsaba basa buƙatar shiri na musamman.
Mahimmanci! Shuka a cikin bazara kakar ne da za'ayi ne kawai bayan m shiri na musamman na tsaba a ƙarƙashin rinjayar sanyi da danshi (stratification) na 4 makonni.
Yadda ake kulawa da shuki
Bayan makonni 2, da tsaba tsiro. Bayan bayyanar ganye guda biyu, suna buƙatar a haife su kuma a sanya su cikin kwantena na dabam. Makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki a cikin fili, yakamata a fara bugun kirjinsa ta hanyar canza shi ta hanyar iska zuwa yau da kullun a wani wuri da aka kiyaye shi daga magudanan ruwa da ruwan sama. Ya kamata a ƙara yawan lokaci na hanyoyin.
Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Furen fure mai ƙanshi ba ya rayuwa a cikin ƙasa inda ruwa ke tsaftacewa, saboda haka ana buƙatar gina magudanar ruwa. Qualityimar ƙasa da rashin danshi ba su da ɗan tasiri kan ci gaban wardi.
Saukowa
Maganar tsiro na kasar Mexico da aka shuka daga tsaba da suka yi girma shuka na ratibida ana watsa su zuwa cikin ƙasa a kusa da tsakiyar Mayu. Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki ana daukar sa rana ko yamma. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai yakamata ya zama akalla 20 cm - 25 cm.
Mahimmanci! Ana cire busassun tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, kuma waɗanda ke haɓaka a cikin kofuna na peat ana shuka su tare da su.
Ratibida - shuka baƙon abu
Kula bayan fure da shiri don hunturu
Bayan fure, shirya shuka don hunturu, an yanke sashin ƙasa kusan zuwa matakin ƙasa. Tsaba za a iya raba daga bushe, duhu tsakiya
Siffofin kulawa na shuka a cikin bude ƙasa
Abu ne mai sauki mu lura da lambun furannin ratibida. Aan matakai ne kawai za a buƙaci:
- datsa wilted inflorescences;
- sassauta ƙasa.
- cire ciyayi.
Haske
Don dasa shuki, yana da kyau a yi amfani da wurare masu dumin dumu da isasshen hasken rana. An yarda da karamin inuwa.
Watse
Furanni suna buƙatar shayarwa kawai a cikin yanayin fari na tsawan fari.
Mahimmanci! Ana amfani dashi, ruwa mai ɗumi a rana. Tare da ruwan sama mai yawan gaske, shayar da tsirrai ba lallai ba ne. Yawancin lokaci m ƙasa ke kwance da sako.
Fesa
Don hana daga kwari masu cutarwa, yana yiwuwa a fesa tare da ƙarancin magungunan fungicides.
Kasar
Don fure furanni, yanki mai haske ko ɗan inuwa mai dacewa ya dace. A ƙasa ne zai fi dacewa clayey.
Tia'idodin ratibida suna da wuya zuwa ɗan acidic, alkaline ɗan kadan, ko kuma ɗanɗa gishiri. An rage shirye-shiryen rukunin zuwa digging da kuma yin 1 kopin itace ash da guga 1 na takin kowane yanki na murabba'in ƙasa.
Manyan miya
Itace tana da pimotal rhizome wanda zai iya samun abinci mai gina jiki daga zurfin. Saboda haka, ba a bukatar yin riguna na sama. Containingasa mai ɗauke da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki yana ƙarfafa saurin girma na ganye, kuma wannan shine iyakancewar fure. Don haka, yakamata a ciyar da abinci.
Ratibida azaman ado akan wani shiri na rashin kulawa
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Na farko shekarar rayuwar bushes ba alama da tashin hankali fure, kawai wasu wardi Bloom a cikin wani zafi zafi kusa da kaka.
Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire da yawa masu girbi suna girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Idan ratibida ya yi girma a matsayin tsararren shuka, to akwai buƙatar tono bushes kowane shekaru 2 a farkon bazara kuma ku rarraba rhizome cikin sassa. Tun da tushen yana da tsawo kuma mai laushi, hanya tana da wahala.
Mahimmanci! Wajibi ne a nuna cikakkiyar kulawa da haƙuri don kada a lalata tushen.
Iri furanni
Ana amfani da ratibida mai rahusa a cikin ayyukan ƙasa. An gane shi a cikin m plantings saboda nau'i na musamman na babban furen rawaya. Tana da harbe-harbe.
Wani nau'in, wanda ake kira Red Midnight, ya fito a cikin launuka masu duhu masu duhu.
Bambancin rawaya Cheyenne ya shahara tare da yan lambu domin kayan karawa.
Tsarin fure
Ratibida yana da nau'i mai ban sha'awa na inflorescence:
- a tsakiyar silinda launin ruwan kasa;
- ya ƙunshi babban adadin ƙananan furanni.
- da karfi mai lankwasa petals suna kusa da silinda.
Lokacin tashi
A watan Mayu, daji wardi Bloom, da flowering zamani ne takaice. A karshen Mayu - Yuni, gonar wardi ta yi farin ciki tare da furanni. Wadannan nau'ikan sun yi girma galibi sau ɗaya, tare da wasu keɓaɓɓu.
Canje-canje a cikin kulawar fure
A lokacin furanni, wardi na buƙatar kulawa ta dace. A wannan lokacin, ana datsa harbe, yana ba da wani tsari kuma yana kunna alamun barci.
Dasawa bayan sayan
Lokacin sayen wardi, yakamata a bincika yanayin mai tushe, harbe. Gardenerswararrun lambu dasa bishiyoyi daga tukwane bayan fure. Yawanci, tsire-tsire ba sa yin haƙuri da wannan lokacin adaftar. Makonni biyu na farko su ne mafiya wahala, har ma ana iya lura da asarar rai.
Mahimmanci! Bayan ya daidaita, fure ya girma da sauri.
Ratibida mallaka a cikin yanayi
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Lokacin girma, za'a iya samun matsaloli tare da ganyayyaki - zasu rasa tasirin kayan adon su. Wannan saboda yara, wanda fure ne, suna buƙatar sabunta su ta dace, wato kowane shekara 1-2.
Karin kwari
An rarrabe Ratibida ta juriya da kwari da cututtuka, don haka yana da sauƙi girma.
Cutar
Dogon ruwa na iya haifar da juji. A irin wannan yanayin, dole ne a cire tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, kuma ana kula da ƙasa tare da mafita na musamman na fungicides.
Mahimmanci! Tare da ƙara zafi, mildew powdery na iya bayyana. Ana samo shi ta wani farin gashi mai amfani da tsirrai akan tsirrai. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a kula da bushes tare da mafitar yin burodi soda ko sinadarin da ke dauke da sinadarin fungicide. An lalatar da tsire-tsire masu rauni sosai.
Alamun rashin kulawa
Irin waɗannan alamun za'a iya bayyana su a cikin canji na bayyanar, alal misali, asarar launi, rawayawar ganye. Wannan na faruwa ne tare da rashin isashshin hankali ga abubuwan sunadarai a cikin ƙasa.
Aphids na iya bayyana saboda yawan ruwa.
Wani yanki da aka zaɓi wurin da ba daidai ba yana haifar da kasawa da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci musamman a yi hankali lokacin tsawan tsauraran yanayi a yanayin yanayi.
Wardi sun cancanci kulawar da masu shukar fure suka basu. Haɓaka irin wannan kyakkyawa a cikin lambun ku, a wani yanki na ƙasar ku zuwa wani matakin inganta darajar kanku, kawo farin ciki a rayuwa.
