Nemesia kyakkyawan itace ne, yalwatacce na fure mai zurfi daga dangin Norichen. Kasarta ita ce Afirka ta Kudu, amma a cikin tsakiyar yankin na Rasha da ƙarin yankuna na kudanci, shuka ta yi kama sosai. Duk da yanayin bayyanar, yana gamsar da furanni masu yawa. Ga yawancin lambu, an fi sanin nemesia a matsayin "snapdragon". Yawancin ƙananan furanni masu haske na wani sabon abu mai kama suna haifar da ɗimbin yawa wanda zai iya yin kwalliyar baranda, baranda ko lambun fure.
Halayen Botanical
Nemesia al'ada ce ta fure wanda aka girma a cikin ƙasarmu azaman shekara-shekara. Branaƙƙarfan harbe, harbe masu sassauƙa sun haɗa da taushi, suna rarrafe a ƙasa kuma da ɗanɗana harbe. An saukar da tetrahedral kara ta wani ɗan tari mai wuya tare da tsawon tsawon. Kusa da juna akann rubabbun ganye ne ko kuma ba'a ɓoye ba, waɗanda kusan babu wadatattun ƙwayoyin petioles. Farantin ganye mai haske mai laushi mai haske yana da hakora a tarnaƙi, gefen ya zama maraƙi.
Lokacin fure na nemesia yana farawa a cikin Yuli kuma yana kasancewa har zuwa farkon farkon Satumba. Single furanni dage har sai sanyi. Nemesia baya hunturu a buɗe ƙasa, kamar yadda baya jure tsananin sanyi. Furen furanni masu santsi suna kan layi ɗaya a saman harba. Tubular corolla yana da faƙo dabam-dabam kuma an kasu kashi 4. Manyan alsaure ne na fure biyu mai launin lebe tare da cinya. Furanni ana fentin a murjani, rawaya, fari, shuɗi da shunayya. Akwai kofuna waɗanda na fili, da masu launin masu launin 2-3. Diamita na fure shine 1.5-2 cm.
Bayan pollination, duhu oblong iri kwalaye girma. Suna da ƙananan ƙananan tsaba. Suna riƙe da ikon shuka har shekara biyu.
Iri na Nemesia
Halin halittar nemesia ya ƙunshi nau'ikan tsirrai 50. Al'adar ba ta amfani da ɗimbin ɗimbin yawa kamar tsire-tsire masu ɗimbin yawa tare da kyawawan furanni.
Nemesia amintacciya ce. Tsawon tsayi na shekara shekara ya kai cm 35-40. Yana samar da kambi mai yawa wanda aka lullube shi da layi ko kuma tsayayyen ganye. Duk koren haske mai launin kore yakan tsawanta tsawon kuma furanni ya cika yana tashi. Suna da tsari wanda ba a saba dashi ba tare da shashanci a kewayen pharynx. Diamita na ja, lemo, ruwan hoda, rawaya ko shuɗi mai shudi baya wuce 25 mm. Furanni suna tattara hankali akan ƙarshen tafiyar matakai a cikin fewan inflorescences. Nau'in kayan ado:
- Gobara ta sarauta - labule wacce bata wuce 30 cm ba tana da tsinken kore ko kuma an rufe ta da furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da cibiyar ruwan lemu;
- Tufafin Sarki - m inflorescences suna da saman-shudi a sama da na dusar ƙanƙara mai-fari;
- Ja da fari - a cikin kananan furanni, lebe na sama mai launin ja ne, ƙananan lebe kuwa fari ne;
- Yariman Orange - an rufe dajin sosai tare da furanni mai haske na monophonic;
- Kafafan - manyan furanni masu launin ja ko lemo mai fure a kan wata shuka 15-20 cm tsayi.
Nemesia azure ne. Furen yana fasalin ciyawa mai tsayi kusan tsawon 40 cm. Sun ɗan rataya kansu, saboda haka jinsin ya dace da tsarin namo mai ban sha'awa. Flowering fara a watan Yuni, lokacin da inflorescences tare da farin fari, shuɗi, ko ruwan hoda buds Bloom a ƙarshen da harbe.
Hybrid nemesia. Varietya'idodin suna haɗaka duk nau'in matasan da aka girma a matsayin annuals. Gashi mai tsayi mai nauyin 30-60 cm. An rufe su da furanni masu tsawo, masu banƙyama da launuka masu launin shuɗi da ƙare tare da furanni masu asymmetric. Girman diamita na manyan libus biyu-biyu shine cm 2. Flow yana faruwa duk lokacin bazara. Launin furannin na iya zama monophonic ko sautin biyu.
Nemesia mai launi iri-iri. A shekara-shekara na herbaceous herbaceous tare da sanyaye mai tushe mai tushe ya girma har zuwa 25 cm ba tsayi. Bar ba tare da stalks suna located a kan harbe quite da wuya. Furannin furanni suna da kusan kusan yau da kullun, tare da tsakiyar wuta da gefuna masu haske na fure. Popular iri:
- Blue Bird - gefuna na furannin an zana su a cikin shuɗi mai haske, kuma ainihin farin fari ne ko rawaya.
- Edelblau - launin furanni yana kama da manta-ni-nots.
Girma da dasawa
Nemesia ya girma daga tsaba. Su za a iya shuka nan da nan a cikin ƙasa bude ko a baya don seedlings. Fulawa yawanci yakan fara makonni 4-5 bayan shuka. A cikin wurare masu ɗumi, ana shuka tsaba nan da nan a cikin lambun. Ya kamata a girka amfanin gona a tsakiyar ko a ƙarshen bazara. Wani mazaunin Afirka bai yarda da lokacin sanyi ba. Soilasa don dasa ya zama haske da takin ƙasa. Ya kamata a haƙa shi a hankali kuma a kwance shi, kuma idan ya cancanta, ƙara yashi. M tsaran tsaranke an yi shi ne nesa da 25 cm daga juna. An rarraba tsaba a zurfin 1-1.5 cm kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Amfanin gona an rufe shi da fim, wanda aka bari koda bayan fitowar farkon harbe. Matasa nemesia suna buƙatar samun iska mai sanyi da bushewa kowace rana yayin da ƙasa take bushewa. Tsaba shuka a ƙarshen makonni 2 bayan shuka. Shuke-shuke tare da ganye na zahiri biyu na thinned an fitar da su ko kuma a watsa su a ko'ina cikin rarraba su a gonar fure.
Don farkon fure, ana amfani da seedlings. Shuka ana yi a cikin kwalaye m tare da haske, ƙasa mai kyau. Yi amfani da filin lambun da yashi. An rarraba ƙananan tsaba a cikin tsummoki a kan farfajiyar ƙasa kuma yafa masa wani yanki na bakin ciki. An rufe akwati tare da fim, ana cire kullun na mintuna 15-30. Ana yin ƙasƙantar da ƙasa ta amfani da bindiga da aka fesa. Seedlings dole ne a kiyaye a babban zafi.
A ƙarshen Mayu, matasa Nemesia za su yi ƙarfi da ƙarfin jigilar su a cikin ƙasa. Ramin saukarwa yakamata ya zama mara nauyi. An sanya su a nesa na 15-25 cm daga juna. Nemesia fi son ƙasa na alkaline tare da ƙari da tsakuwa da kanuna. Idan ya cancanta, an kara lemun tsami a ƙasa.
Kula da tsiro
Nemesia wata itaciya ce mara ma'ana. Ba ta buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai a cikin kulawa, amma dole ne a bi wasu ƙa'idodi.
Haske Don haɓaka al'ada da fure, haske mai haske ya zama dole. Nemesia baya jin tsoron hasken rana kai tsaye, duk da haka, a lokacin rani yana da kyau a shawo furanni da tsakar rana. Shugabannin furanni sun juya bayan rana, wanda dole ne a yi la’akari da lokacin da za a zabi wani wuri.
Zazzabi Abubuwan da aka shimfiɗa na fure ba su da ban tsoro ba, duk da haka, a cikin iska mai ƙarfi, harbe-harbe na iya karya, saboda haka ana buƙatar tallafi mai aminci. Nemesia yana son zafi, don girma ya zama dole don kula da yawan zafin jiki sama da + 20 ° C. A cikin kaka, lokacin da zazzabi ya sauka zuwa + 13 ° C, girma yana raguwa kuma harbe ya fara bushewa.
Watse. Nemesia tana son ruwa, zai zama dole ne a shayar da ita sau da yawa kuma sau da yawa, yayin da ruwan bai kamata ya tsayayye kusa da asalin sa ba. Bushewa da kayan maye yana haifar da rashin lafiya da koma bayan ci gaba.
Taki. Ana amfani da kashi na farko na takin gargajiya akan ƙasa lokacin dasa. Sannan daga watan Mayu zuwa Agusta, sau daya a wata, kasar takan hadu da hadaddun ma'adinai na tsire-tsire.
Kirkirar kafa. Daga farkon shekarun, ya kamata a pinched nemesia, don haka harbe zai zama mafi alama, kuma daji zai zama mafi daukaka. Dogon tsayi harbe za a iya yanka a lokacin duk lokacin girma. A wannan yanayin, ƙarin matakalolin gefen za su bayyana, wanda furanni ma ya yi fure.
Cutar da kwari. Tare da tururuwa na danshi da dampness, nemesia yana iya yiwuwa lalacewa ta hanyar rot, mildew powdery da ƙafa na baki. Marasa lafiya tsire-tsire zama rufe launin ruwan kasa ko shuɗi mai launin toka waɗanda ke haifar da rashin laushi, ƙanshi kuma sun zama rigar. Dole ne a datattar da wuraren da suka lalace kuma sauran ragowar kambi tare da maganin kashe-kashe. Parasites a kan bushes shirya wuya da wuya. Lokaci-lokaci wasu alamomin gizo-gizo zazzage suna bayyana akan ganye. Ya isa a gudanar da jiyya guda 2 tare da “Aktara” ko “Aktellik” tare da hutu na kwanaki 6-7 kuma allurar za ta shuɗe.
Amfani
Ruwan launuka masu haske na furanni na Nemesia zasu farfado da kowane fure ko gado. Suna yin ado daidai baranda, verandas da baranda. Nemesia yana da kyau ba wai kawai a cikin ƙasa buɗe ba, har ma a cikin tukwane na fure ko kwantena. A duk lokacin bazara, yalwar ciyawa tana jujjuya bushes zuwa gajimare mara girma.
Tun da yake nemesia yana son ruwa da babban zafi, ana amfani dashi sosai don yin kwalliyar tuddai na wuraren arha, ana sanya furannin furanni kusa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Jirgin ruwan silvery na ruwa yana ba da cikakkiyar hanyar baya don launuka masu ƙarfi. An bayyana mafi kyawun Nemesia azaman tef, amma kuma yana da kyau tare da petunia, marigolds da pansies.
