Sarracenia

Jerin sarracenium

Tsire-tsire daga iyalin Sarratsin an kira su da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Suna iya kama kwari da ƙananan dabbobi tare da taimakon ƙwayoyin da suka dace. Kwayar kayan kwalliya ya faru tare da taimakon enzymes. Wannan shine karin kayan abinci mai gina jiki, ba tare da girma da ci gaba da tsire-tsire ba zai iya wucewa sosai. Ka yi la'akari menene sarrasenia ta bayanin kuma rarrabawa.

Iyali: Sarrasenie

Dangane da girman da rarraba da yawa, sarrasenie yana daga cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Iyalin Sarratseniyev ya hada iri guda uku na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire:

  • Darwurin Darlingtonia (Darlingtonia) Ya hada da 1 nau'in - darlingtonia californian (D. California);
  • Harshen Heliamphorus (Heliamphora) ya hada da nau'o'in 23 na kudancin Amirka;
  • Genus Sarracenia (Sarracenia) ya hada da nau'i 10.

Darlingtonia Californian girma a cikin marshes na Arewacin Amirka kuma yana da dogon tsayi. Tarkonsa yana kama da siffar kwaro kuma yana iya zama rawaya ko ja-orange a launi. Babban itacen yana da siffar launin launi mai haske a cikin diamita har zuwa 60 cm. Tashin shuka yana fitar da wari mai ban sha'awa wanda ke jan hankalin kwari. Da zarar cikin cikin tarko, kwari ba zai iya tserewa ba, kuma tsire-tsire ta shuka. Ta wannan hanya yana sake gina kayan da ake bukata wanda kasar gona bata ƙunshi ba.

Rod Heliamphorus sun hada da tsire-tsire da ake kira marsh ko ruwa na ruwa mai girma wanda ke girma a Venezuela, a yammacin Guyana, arewacin Brazil. An bambanta su da kananan furanni a cikin inflorescences. A sakamakon juyin halitta, tsire-tsire na wannan jinsi sun koyi yadda ake samun abubuwa masu amfani ta hanyar kashe kwari da kuma sarrafa yawan ruwa a cikin tarko. Yawancin nau'in jinsin wannan amfani suna amfani da kwayoyin halittu don samin kayan ganima, kuma Heliamphora tatei yana samar da enzymes kansa. George Bentham a 1840 ya bayyana jinsunan farko (H. Nutans) na tsire-tsire na wannan nau'i.

Genus: sarratseniya

Sarracenia wani tsire ne mai launi mai launi mai haske wanda ya kama da furanni. Su ne manyan, wanda ba shi da kowa, kuma siffar su yana da tsawo a saman. Tsarin mai launi mai jan-launi a kan kore ko launin rawaya kuma ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa yana jawo kwari. Kowace ɓangaren takarda yana da nasarorin halayen kansa. A waje shi ne wurin saukowa don kwari. Bugu da ƙari a cikin bakin su ne gland.

Hakan na ciki yana rufe da gashin kai mai nunawa. Wannan ya sa kwari zai iya shiga cikin ciki, amma to yana da wuya a fita daga can. Ƙananan ɓangaren furen ya cika da wani ruwa wanda ya nutse. Shuka shuke-shuke samar da enzymes digestive. Akwai kuma wani nau'i na kwayoyin da ke shafar abubuwa masu rarraba. Saboda haka, tsire-tsire ya sake yaduwa da takalminsa da reserves na nitrogen, alli, magnesium da potassium.

Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa kwayoyin epidermal a cikin ƙananan rassan ruwa suna da damar ɓoye abubuwa masu maganin antiseptic. Saboda wannan, ɓangarorin da ba a taɓa raba su ba a kan ƙananan ƙwayar lily kusan ba su ƙetare ƙanshin turare ba. Idan jug yana tsaye tare da bakin sama, to, ruwan da aka saka a tsakiya shine ruwan sama, amma idan an rufe shi daga sama tare da wani ƙuƙwalwa, sa'an nan kuma injin ya saki ruwa.

Tsuntsaye suna amfani da wadannan tsire-tsire a matsayin tsutsa, suna fitar da kwari marasa kwari. Wasu kwari sun saba da rayuwa a cikin sarrasenia ruwa lilies. Suna saki abubuwa da suke tsayayya da ruwan 'ya'yan itace na narkewa. Wadannan sun hada da daren dare da larvae, nama tashi larvae, tsutsa spax, wanda zai iya gina nests a ciki.

Daban sarracenium

Ka yi la'akari da babban nau'in sarracenia, wanda aka horar da kuma sun sami wurin su a kan windowsills na ɗakinmu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ba shi yiwuwa a ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani, zai iya mutuwa. Ciyar da wajibi ne don aiwatar da ƙananan kwari.

Sarracenia farin-leaved (Sarracenia leucophylla)

Wannan jinsin yana tsiro a gabashin arewacin bakin kogin Gulf of Mexico. Yana da tsire-tsire sosai. Ruwan ruwa da aka rufe tare da grid na ja ko launi kore a kan fari. A lokacin flowering flowering an yi ado da shuka tare da furanni mai launi. Ya fi son wuri da kuma zafi na 60%. Tun 2000, an kare shi azaman nau'in haɗari.

Yana da muhimmanci! Sake gyaran sarration tare da tsaba dole ne ya faru bayan muradin sanyi na 4 zuwa 8 makonni, in ba haka ba za su yi shuka ba.

Sarracenia psittacin (Sarracenia psittacina)

A yanayi, yana girma ne a jihohin arewacin kudancin Amirka da kuducin Mississippi. Lamina na shuka yana da nau'i mai tsutsa da nau'i mai nau'i. Ruwan ruwa na wannan jinsin suna da haske ja, kusan baki. Murfin ya rufe murfin kuma bai yarda ya cika da ruwan sama ba. Yana tsiro a cikin raƙuman ruwa, inda akwai ambaliya a lokacin ruwan sama sosai. Hood ba ya kare a karkashin ruwa. Hidden yana haifar da tashar tashar ƙirar ƙofar ta shiga cikin bututu da aka rufe da gashi. An kafa karamin tarko don tadpoles. Idan sun yi iyo, ba za su iya fita ba. Hanyar hanya ita ce gaba, zuwa kasan rami. Gidan yana son haske mai haske kuma zai iya girma a matsayin tsire-tsire a gida ko kuma kudancin kudancin taga.

Sarracenia jan (Sarracenia rubra)

Wannan sarration wani nau'i ne mai ban mamaki. Girman shuka - daga 20 zuwa 60 cm. Yanayin rarrabe shi ne gaban ja lebe. Yana janye kwari. Launi na ganye yana canzawa daga ja-burgundy zuwa haske mai ja. A lokacin bazara, tsire-tsire yana fure da ƙananan furanni mai launin furanni wadanda ke da tsalle-tsalle.

Shin kuna sani? Watering da shuka a gida yana da muhimmanci cewa kasar gona ba ta bushe ba. Don haka, ana iya sanya tukunya a cikin kwanon rufi tare da yumbu mai yalwa. Gwaran labaran ganyayyaki ba zai yiwu ba, saboda zanen gado ya kasance stains.

Sarracenia purpurea (Sarracenia purpurea)

A yanayi, yana girma a gabashin Amurka da Kanada kuma yana da nau'in jinsuna. An gabatar da wannan jinsin a cikin marsh na tsakiya ta tsakiya kuma an kama shi. Ganye yana da ƙanshi mai launin fure ko furanni masu furanni suna girma a cikin bazara da kuma ƙanshi na 'yan tsalle.

Ana yaduwa ganyen tarko na purple purpurea a cikin jakar. Saboda haka Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba wai kawai tsuntsaye masu tashi ba, amma har ma suna motsawa. Ruwan ruwa bazai tasiri tasiri na enzymes ba.

Tsarin yanayi na banbancin purpurea shi ne cewa ba ya haifar da enzymes don cinye ganima, amma har yanzu yana da mahimmanci. A kan murfinsa aka rufe shi kuma gashi suna girma. Amma tana buƙatar taimako don yawo ganima. Kwancen kwari sun nutse kuma suna zuwa kasa. Kuma akwai tsantar maciji na maciji na Metrioknemus ci su, suna kwashe kananan kwayoyin cikin ruwa. Sama da su su ne larvae na sauro Vayomaya. Suna shayar da ƙananan barbashi kuma suna haifar da rafi na ruwa. Wadannan sunadarai sun ɓoye kayan sharar gida a cikin ruwa, wanda tsire-tsire suke shafewa. Yanayin yanayi na musamman ne saboda dukkanin nau'o'in larvae suna samuwa ne kawai a cikin irin wadannan tsire-tsire.

Sarracenia yellow (Sarracenia flava)

An shuka wannan shuka a 1753 da masanin kimiyyar Sweden Carl Linnaeus. A yanayi, an samo shi a Amurka a kan ƙasa mai laushi da kuma cikin ruwa.

Sarratseniya yellow yana da furanni na ruwa mai haske da launi mai launi tare da ja veins, wanda aka kwatanta dashi 60-70 cm. Lokacin flowering shine Maris-Afrilu. Jugs suna da murfin kwance, wanda ya hana ruwa daga samun ciki. Nectar yana da mummunar tasiri akan kwari. A gida, tare da yawan abinci da kulawa da kyau, inji zai iya zama ba tare da tsoma baki ba daga kwari.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin ganyayyaki da sassan ƙasa na wasu nau'ikan sarracenium, an gano alkawalin ganyarinin, wanda aka samu nasarar amfani dashi a magani.

Sarracenia ƙananan (Sarracenia ƙananan)

An bayyana wannan jinsin a 1788 ne ta Thomas Walter. Ƙananan tsire-tsire, mai tsayi 25-30 cm, tare da launin jug mai juyi da kuma tinge mai tsabta a saman. Flowering faruwa a watan Maris da Mayu. Furen rawaya ne ba tare da wari ba. Ƙarin kyakkyawa shine ga tururuwa. Wannan injin yana da hood a cikin babban ɓangaren da ke rufe tarkon tarko. Amma daga wannan ƙwarewarsa ba zai rage ba. A cikin alfarwa akwai yankunan translucent na bakin ciki. An tsara su ne don su kwantar da kwari. Lokacin da suke so su tashi daga lakaran ruwa, sai su tashi cikin haske kuma su rufe taga ta rufe kuma su koma cikin ruwa.

Wasu nau'o'in sarrasenium sun girma ne a matsayin tsaka-tsakin gida a cikin rukuni na Rasha, amma bayan juyin juya halin, yawancin adadin masu zaman kansu an hallaka. Yau, shayarwa suna aiki don bunkasa sababbin nau'o'in. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, shuka zai iya faranta maka da furanni.