Orchid dendrobium: zaɓuɓɓuka don kulawa da haifuwa a gida

Orchids an san su da kyawawan tsirrai. Orchid Dendrobium yana da cikakkiyar daidaito da waɗannan ra'ayoyin. Kyawawan furanninta sune idi ga idanu. Shuka ba ta da matukar buƙata a cikin kulawa, wanda ke ƙaruwa da kyan gani ga furannin fure.

Babban nau'ikan

A yau, akwai nau'ikan wannan nau'in orchid. Cikakken launi na fure Dendrobium fari da launin shuɗi, launin shuɗi da launin ruwan hoda suma sun zama ruwan dare. Wasu nau'ikan suna da furanni masu launuka masu launuka waɗanda suka bambanta tare da gefuna da kuma tsakiyar.

Orchid Dendrobium a cikin yanayi

Da farko, Dendrobium ya rayu akan bishiyoyi ko duwatsun. Tushen iska da yawa waɗanda ke jawo danshi da abubuwan gina jiki daga sama suna aiki don gyara shi.

A cikin duka, an san nau'ikan nau'ikan Dendrobium orchids guda 1,500. Suna da mai tushe wanda ake kira pseudobulbs, wanda m leathery ganye m da tsawon game da cm 10 Lokacin da girma girma ya ƙare, da shuka garken bar, a cikin lafiya mutane harbe girma da kuma sake.

Pseudobulbs yana ɗaukar nau'ikan daban-daban dangane da nau'in orchid. Zasu iya zama tubular, mai sheki ko ƙirar ƙwallon ƙafa. Tsawon ya bambanta ƙwarai: daga fewan santimita zuwa 1 m.

Yawancin nau'ikan matasan sun fito ne daga Dendrobium nobile da Dendrobium phalaenopsis. Rarrabe su dangane da tsarin launuka abu ne mai sauki. Dendrobium nobile yana da furanni waɗanda ke girma daga gefuna mai tushe na shekarar da ta gabata, idan sun samar ne kawai a ƙarshen harbi, wannan alama ce ta Dendrobium afalenopsis.

Dendrobium Nobile

Kalma ta biyu "nobile" bayan an fassara Dendrobium da "daraja". Wannan babban tsire-tsire ne mai madaidaiciya, mai rassa, mai kama da itace. An shirya ganye masu launin fata a jere biyu.

Dendrobium Nobile

A kan harbe-tsiren marasa ganye a bara, an kirkiro gajerun kafa, wanda ya kunshi furanni 2-3 da ke dauke da furannin da ba a barin su, an yi launin fari a gindin, lilac ko ruwan hoda a gefunan. Furen fure, wanda aka rufe shi da ƙananan gashi, yana da tabo mai launin shuɗi a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren. Lokacin fure shine Janairu-Mayu.

Kinga

An bambanta Royal Dendrobium ta hanyar ɗaukar furanni masu kamanni har zuwa saman da kuma sililin a cikin ragowar harbe har zuwa tsawon cm 30. Siffofin ganye mai laushi sun cika sutturar.

Dendrobium Sarki

Lowarancin fure mai fure na fure ya ƙunshi ƙananan furanni masu ƙanshi, masu launuka daban-daban daga fari zuwa haske mai haske. Furen fure ne mai lobed uku, sepals din suka girma tare a gefen falon. Fabrairu shine watan bayyanar furanni na farko, wanda ya kasance har zuwa makonni 3-4.

Berry ode

Wannan orchid wani tsari ne na Dendrobium King. A lokacin da fure, ke yada ƙanshin mai daɗin ɗanɗano na vanilla.

Dendrobium Berry ode

Ya bambanta da tsawon lokacin fure idan shuka yana da kyakkyawan yanayi: daga Mayu zuwa Disamba.

Hibiki

Wannan shine karamin nau'in tsiro na Dendrobium, har zuwa 15 cm tsayi don shuka da aka kafa. Babban fasalin fasalin furanni sune furanni masu launuka biyu masu haske: violet da orange. Don fara fitar da furanni, pesudobul cm 3 sun isa; buds yana wuce kwanaki 30. A sakamakon inflorescences dauke da har zuwa 8 furanni.

Hibiki Dendrobium

Harbe suna taqaitaccen, suna da launin ruwan hoda, ganye suna duhu kore, mai yawa. Yana blooms a Maris-Afrilu, aiki tsawon yana zuwa watanni biyar.

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis

Babban nau'in orchids, mai tushe mai tsayi, mai launin fata. Ganyayyaki da furanni suna nan a ƙarshen mai tushe. Manyan furanni sun kai girman 3-8 cm, daga bayanan inflorescences da aka karɓa daga furanni 5 zuwa 40 tare da launi daga fari zuwa launin shuɗi, ja mai duhu har ma da rasberi.

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis

Inflorescences suna riƙe ɗanɗanonta ya daɗe na lokaci mai tsawo, wanda ke ba su shahara a tsakanin masu furannin furanni lokacin ƙirƙirar furanni.

Dendrobium Chrysotoxum

An orchid tare da furanni rawaya da ƙanshi mai daɗin ɗanɗano. Tana da manyan furanni da yawa, ana tattarawa cikin inflorescences of 10-15 guda. Ganyen Chrysotoxum kunkuntar ne kuma tsayi, har zuwa 10 cm.

Dendrobium Chrysotoxum

Dendrobium trantuanii

Tratuniai yana haɓaka ta halitta a cikin kurmin Vietnam. Yana da sananne ga flattened mai tushe wanda ya ba da shuka asali.

Dendrobium trantuanii

Dogon dorewa, manyan, furanni masu launin shuɗi suna kan furannin mutum.

Dendrobium moniliforme

Moniliform itace orchid dutse ta Jafananci. Yana fure a ƙarshen hunturu ko kuma daga farkon bazara; fure na biyu yana yiwuwa a ƙarshen watannin ƙarshe. Inflorescence yana da furanni masu kamshi guda 1-2; ana iya samun yawansu a daya tushe.

Dendrobium moniliforme

Launi fari ne, cream, yellow, kore ko ruwan hoda. Farfajiyar takaice ce, an bambanta furannin ta hanyar sifofinsu mai tsawo.

Kula da orchids na cikin gida

Wadanda suka dasa Dendrobium orchid bayanin kula cewa kula da shi a gida yafi sauki fiye da sauran nau'ikan wannan shuka. Orchids sun fito ne daga Asiya na wurare masu zafi da ƙasa, inda suke girma da kwayar cutar, watau, suna amfani da wasu bishiyoyi ko duwatsun azaman tallafi. Waɗannan takamaiman yanayin rayuwa suna ayyana buƙatun kulawa.

Watse

Kada a shayar da tushen orchids na Dendrobium, amma ta nutsar da ruwa. Ana maimaita wannan hanyar a mako-mako.

Watse Orchids Dendrobium

Ka'idojin ban ruwa na asali:

1. Rage kwallon daga tushe a cikin ruwa sau daya a mako;
2. Kafin sake yin baftisma, maɓallin ya kamata ya bushe sosai;
3. Ana ɗaukar ruwa a zazzabi a ɗakuna, low a cikin kalsiyam, ba tare da shi kwata-kwata. Ruwa mai wuya yana lalata tsire-tsire;
4. Bayan nutsar da tukunyar cikin ruwa, kuna buƙatar jira har sai kumburin iska ya tashi zuwa saman ruwan;

5. Ruwan ruwan sama ya dace da ruwa da kuma feshin orchids;
6. Danshi a cikin ɗakin ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 50%, ya zama dole a duba shi lokaci-lokaci. Idan gumi yayi ƙasa, tozalin orchid yana buƙatar fesawa;
7. Idan ya cancanta, ciyar da takin shuka da narkar da ruwa. Kada a taɓa yin amfani da abubuwa masu yawa, yana da kyau a biya shi fiye da yadda ake yinsa. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman ga orchids waɗanda ke cikin kasuwanci;
8. Ana yin suturar miya babba a lokacin girma, a lokacin bazara.

Zazzabi dakin

Don kiyaye Dendrobium orchid lafiya, kulawar gida ya ƙunshi kiyaye yawan zafin jiki da ya dace. Dankin yana jin daɗin yanayin zafi daga + 16 ° C zuwa + 23 ° C. Idan ɗakin ya yi zafi sosai, wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli. A cikin hunturu, Dendrobium fi son zazzabi na + 16 ° C zuwa + 18 ° C. Guji da ke ƙasa + 10 ° C ya kamata a guji shi.

Haske

Wannan nau'in orchid na hoto ne, amma rana tsakar rana tana iya kaiwa ga ganye na ƙonewa cikin ganyayyaki. A gida, suna ƙarƙashin alfarwa ta tsire-tsire masu watsa shiri a cikin dajin mai yawa, saboda haka ana samun kariya daga rana.

Orchid Bark

Idan an sanya shuka a kan taga ta kudu a buɗe, zai fi kyau amfani da labulen kariya wanda ya haifar da haske. A cikin hunturu, ya wajaba don amfani da ƙarin haske, alal misali, tare da fitilun fitilun fitila.

Kasar

Inasa ta ƙasa don tsire-tsire na cikin gida bai dace da orchids ba. Yana da mahimmanci a gare su suyi amfani da ƙasa na musamman, wanda shine tsire-tsire, wanda ya ƙunshi bast, gawayi, yanki na haushi, peat da polykesrene flakes. Yawancin furannin fure suna shirya shi da kansu. Kafin a cika abin da ake yi, ana sanya dunƙule mai kyau na pebbles ko kwakwalwan bulo a ƙarshen tukunyar. Ana yayyafa ƙasa ƙasa da haushi.

Gudun ruwa

Lokacin fure na orchids ya dogara da nau'in halittu. Wannan yakan faru ne a lokacin bazara, lokacin rani ko bayan hutun hunturu. A wannan lokacin, ya zama dole don samar da riguna na sama da ruwa. Yayin hutawa, ya yi akasin haka, ya kamata a rage ban ruwa kuma yawan zafin jiki ya wuce + 18 ° C.

Dalilai na rashin fure

Rashin fure an lura dashi ne musamman idan ba'a lura da shuka yadda yakamata ba. Sai kawai a wasu lokuta, wasu kwari da yawa suna tsoma baki tare da wannan.

Dalili mai yiwuwa:

1. Rashin wadatar sanyi a lokacin hutawa. Idan zazzabi ya kasance mai girma, yara zasuyi maimakon furanni akan pseudobulbs. Bambanci a yanayin zafi dare da rana har zuwa 5-7 ° C yana da kyakkyawan sakamako a kan shuka;
2. Shuka ba ta da isasshen haske, ya zama dole don tsara haske;
3. Ba a mutunta ban ruwa na Orchid

Hanyoyin kiwo

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yaduwar ƙwaƙwalwar 'Dendrobium orchid a gida: ta hanyar rarrabuwa da harbe biyu.

Raba

Kodayake wannan hanyar kiwo Dendrobium ita ce mafi sauki, kawai tana da dangantaka da shekaru, manyan mutane, rhizome wanda za'a iya rarrabawa, sun dace da shi. An sarrafa cut ɗin tare da kirfa ƙasa. Abubuwan da aka rarrabe dole su ƙunshi ɓarke ​​huɗu. Yawancin lokaci, sababbi biyu ne kawai ake samu daga tsire ɗaya.

Orchid daji rarraba

Abubuwan da aka fifita an sanya su cikin tukwane tare da ƙaramin digiri. Kafin matasa harbe bayyana, watering ya kamata sosai wanda bai isa ba. Wasu lambu bayar da shawarar kada su sha ruwa kwata-kwata na tsawon kwanaki 7. Bayan tserewa ta farko, zaku iya fara kulawa kamar yadda kuka saba.

Yankan

Don ƙirar cuttings, ana amfani da tsohuwar mai tushe waɗanda sun riga sun faɗi ganye. A matakin farko, babban aikin shine a samu yaran. Don yin wannan, yankan da aka yanka tare da ci an sanya su a cikin yanayin greenhouse, wanda zai iya aiki a matsayin kwandon filastik, kasan da aka yi liyi da sphagnum. Dole murfin ya ƙunshi ramuka na samun iska.

Kwaya orchid a cikin akwati

An sanya cutukan kai tsaye a kan sphagnum kuma an yayyafa shi tare da haɓakar mai saurin ci gaba "Epin". Sannan a sanya kwandon a wuri mai dumi.

Yara sun rabu da abin rikewa kawai lokacin da tushen 2-4 suka bayyana, to ana iya dasa su a cikin akwati dabam.

Juyawar fure

Plantungiyar ornamental tana jin daɗin gamsarwa a cikin ƙananan tasoshin, kodayake, idan tsarin tushen ya yi girma sosai, ana buƙatar dasa shuka. Ba a zaɓi manyan tukwane da yawa ba - galibi suna da yawan danshi, wanda hakan na iya haifar da alamun cututtuka a cikin orchids. Don sauyawa ta al'ada, dole ne a kiyaye ƙa'idodin waɗannan masu zuwa:

1. Sauya tsirar da shuka kusan sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3;
2. Matsakaicin lokacin dasawa shine bazara;
3. A hankali cire orchid daga tsohuwar tukunyar;
4. Cire kayan dasa tsohon;
5. Yanke mara lalacewa, bushe da lalatattun sassan shuka, gami da ganye, ganye da asalinsu;
6. Zaɓi girman sabon tanki tare da isasshen sarari don akalla harbe biyu;
7. Sanyaya tsirar shuka, a sanya mafiɗaɗa harbe a gefen tukunyar;
8. Cika tukunya da daskararren tsire-tsire kuma a matse a hankali;
9. Don tabbatar da cewa an rarraba madaidaicin daidai, za ku iya girgiza tukunyar da dan kadan.

Dendrobium Orchid Canjin

Fasaha don dasa shuki yara ya bambanta da dasa shuki da ya girma:

1. Yi hankali da raba yara ƙanana da tushen daga sare, bi da wuraren yanka da ci;
2. A cikin tukwanen da aka shirya, sanya magudanar magudanar ruwa, shigar da tsiron kuma yayyafa tare da musanya;
3. Sanya tukunya cikin wani akwati. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya yi yawa, sai a ba da ruwa sauyin kai tsaye. Idan yayi sanyi, zaku iya zuba ruwa kadan a cikin kwalin na waje;
4. Tare da bayyanar sababbin ganye da asalinsu, a hankali zaku iya fara yin takin;
5. Bayan shekara guda, dasa karamin shuka a cikin tukunyar da take da faɗi.

Kula bayan fure

Bayan fure, shuka yana buƙatar tsawon hutawa. Ciyar da abinci yana tsayawa kuma adadin ruwa ke raguwa. Tsoffin harbe da sannu suna rasa ganye, amma ba a sare su ba, kamar yadda sababbin furanni ke iya samarwa a can.

Shuka Dendrobium Yara

Da zaran sabon harbe ya kai tsawon 5 cm, ana iya sake sanya orchid a wani wuri mai dumin ruwa, ciyar da ciyar da sannu a hankali.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, orchid na Dendrobium baya bukatar a girbe shi, amma ana cire sassan jikin tsiren kafin su fara lalacewa:

1. Ana yanka furanni, ganye da harbe a lokaci-lokaci;

2. Kusoshin launin rawaya kaɗan, kamar tsoffin maganganun, kasance kan orchid;
3. Matattu da ruɓaɓɓun Tushen an yanke su, da kyau lokacin dasawa;
4. Yankan yana farawa da kyau, a hankali mafi kyau duka duka lokaci guda;
5. Tabbatar yin amfani da kayan yankan don kaɓantar da shuka.

Shawarwarin da aka gabatar na duniya duka ne na kowane nau'in Dendrobium, don zaɓin mafi kyawun kulawa kuma ku more kyakkyawar ra'ayi na shuka mai lafiya, zai fi kyau gano takamaiman nau'in orchid ɗinku kuma kuyi nazarin halaye na mutum.