Shuka eggplant seedlings

Shuka eggplant seedlings: shawara mai amfani

A zamanin yau yana da wahalar samun mutumin da bai yi kokari ba a cikin hunturu: a cikin hunturu, tsirrai, a lokacin rani - akan ginin, da dai sauransu.

Akwai m m kuma a lokaci guda sauki yi jita-jita, inda babban aikin da aka sanya eggplants.

A cikin mutane masu yawan mutane sau da yawa ana iya jin irin wannan kayan lambu ana kiranta "blue" ko "demyanka".

Duk da cewa cewa eggplant ne gida dumi Indiya, a yau wannan kayan lambu ake horarwa a ko'ina cikin duniya.

Har ila yau, yawancin iri.

Zaka iya girma su duka a cikin yanayi na greenhouse da kuma a ƙasa bude.

A cikin wannan labarin za muyi nazarin duk matakai na girma eggplant seedlings.

Eggplant seedlings: duk matakai na shiri don shuka

Idan ka rigaya yanke shawarar girma eggplant seedlings kanka, sa'an nan kuma ya kamata ka yi la'akari da muhimman al'amurran da suka shafi a cikin wannan al'amari:

  • Kafin ka daina idanuwanka ko daya suna so iri-iri iri-iri, bincika nazarin kowane nau'i na noma, wato: yanayin da ake buƙata na ƙasa, nau'i-nau'i mai ban sha'awa, siffofi na girma (gine-gine ko ƙasa ta ƙasa), dressings, irrigation, picks, da sauransu.

    Kuma kawai bayan haka zaka iya zaɓar wasu iri-iri don yanayin girma.

  • Zai zama mai kyau don zaɓar tsaba, da aka aika zuwa yankinka, wanda aka daidaita.
  • Idan kai da kanka ke cikin shirye-shirye na dasa kayan, to ka tabbata cewa an cika yanayin ajiya daidai. Idan an saya tsaba, tabbas za ku kula da kwanakin ƙare da aka nuna a kan kunshe.

Zabi da kuma shirye-shirye na tsaba: na farko da mafi muhimmanci

Matakan farko na aiki na lambu masu kwarewa shine gwajin iri don germination. Kuna iya yin shi kamar haka:

  • Ɗauki jakar auduga, ko kuma irin wannan nau'i.
  • Kunsa tsaba a ciki (game da abubuwa goma).
  • Saka wannan jaka da dasa kayan cikin ruwa a cikin dakin da zafin jiki, akalla rana ɗaya.
  • Ku fita daga ruwa a kan farantin karfe kimanin 3 ko 6 days. Yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da ajiye jakar.
  • Bayan fitowar tsaba na nakliuvshihsya, zaka iya ƙayyade nasarar ci gaba da dasawa. Idan biyar daga cikin hatsi guda goma sun tsiro - tsaba suna da kyau.

Dole a biya hankali a kan wannan matsala mai muhimmanci na aiki kamar yadda ake nunawa a mafi yawancin marasa tsaba. Kuma wannan na iya zama calibration, ƙarfafa, disinfection, bubbling, da sauransu.

Mafi m, kuma a kan wannan da kuma na kowa hanyar disinfecting dasa tsaba, shi ne potassium permanganate:

  • Jiƙa da tsaba na 20-30 minti a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
  • Kurkura tare da ruwa mai tsabta.
  • Matsar da rana a cikin abin da ke gina jiki. Za'a iya shirya nau'in kayan abinci mai gina jiki a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa: tsarma da cokali na itace (tare da nitrophosphate ko sodium mai zafi) a cikin lita na ruwa.
  • Cire tsaba a kan saucer kafin germination.

Irin wannan hanya mai sauƙi da mai sauƙi zai rage lokaci don shuka germination da dasa shuki harbe a ƙasa, da kuma taimakawa wajen karuwa da haɓaka farkon girbi.

Hardening yana daya daga cikin m na kowa hanyoyi na shirya dasa shuki tsaba. Don yin wannan, ya kamata ka bi matakan da za a iya bayarwa ga tsarin mulki daban-daban:

  • Tsaba, a baya an bi da shi tare da bayani mai gina jiki, a cikin jakar guda, sanya kwana biyu a cikin ɓangaren firiji.
  • Sa'an nan kuma cire kuma matsawa zuwa wuri mai dumi (zai fi dacewa da zafin jiki na akalla 25 - 30 °).
  • Again sanya a firiji don kwana biyu.
  • Cire tsaba daga firiji kuma nan da nan sai su dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai shirya.

Duk wannan lokacin yana da muhimmanci don tabbatar da cewa tsaba sun kasance m.

Wannan yana da ban sha'awa: Mutane da yawa masu shahararrun lambu sun bada shawarar amfani da iri ba don shekara ta farko na ajiya don shuka ba, an fi la'akari da ita idan yana da shekaru biyu. Suna da'awar cewa shi ne shekara-shekara na tsaba wanda ke da tsayi na tsawon lokaci na germination, da kuma low germination. Amma, zabin yana koyaushe naka.

Tsirrai iri na shuka bishiyoyi - yadda ya kamata a shirya ƙasa

Dukkanmu mun san duniyar da ake bukata domin shuka ƙasa: dole ne ya kasance mai kyau, sako-sako, haske, kusa da tsaka tsaki (bayan matakin acidity).

New bai san kome ba, shin ba haka bane? Kuma mafi yawan lambu suna da tabbacin cewa idan kun tsaya ga waɗannan gaskiyar, za a tabbatar da nasarar nasarar yakin basasa. Amma ba a nan shi ne. Eggplant yana da matukar wuya akan amfanin gona.

Zaka iya shirya cakudawan ƙasa ta amfani da wadannan girke-girke:

  1. Mix a cikin maɗaura: humus, peat da sod sodiya.
  2. 60% na saman peat, 10% na ƙasar sod, 20% na humus, 5% na yashi ko sawdust, 5% na biohumus.
  3. Hudu hudu na layin lowland, sassa uku na takin ko humus da kashi 1 na kogin yashi. Bayan zabi guga na irin wannan cakuda, ƙara gilashin ash ko wasanni uku na superphosphate. Sanya sosai.
  4. Idan ka ɗauki kasan da aka saya, to, tabbatar da ƙara yashi mai laushi da vermicost (kashi biyu zuwa kashi goma na ƙasa). Saboda haka, za ku ƙara girman phosphorus.

Babban abu shi ne haɗuwa da dukan abin da ƙarshen ya dace da cikakkun bukatun don shuka ƙasa. Zaɓi girke-girke da ya dace da dandano, da la'akari da abubuwan da ka ke so da kuma abubuwan da ke ci gaba da noma.

Idan kuna shirin shirya eggplant seedlings a kan shafin, to, yana da shawara don fara shirya wannan wuri a cikin fall. Da farko na zurfin lokacin kaka, kafin yin wasa, ƙara kimanin mita daya: humus - 3 zuwa 4 kg, superphosphate - 400 - 500 g, potassium chloride - 100 - 150 g

Babban abu shine bi sabõda haka, pH na ƙasa bai wuce matakin 6.0 - 6.7. Idan kasar gona ta fi yawan acidic, kada ka manta ka kwashe shekaru uku zuwa hudu.

Zaka iya sanya eggplants bayan kowace kayan lambu kayan lambu, sai dai iyalin Nightshade. Kuma ba'a da shawarar komawa baya baya fiye da shekaru biyu ko uku baya.

Zaɓi na tankuna don dasa shuki tsaba

Zuwa kwanan wata, damar da ake girma a gida eggplant seedlings, wata babbar saiti. Suna iya zama daban. Tsarin mulki a zabin zane-zane - shine irin wannan nau'in kwantena, don haka a nan gaba zai yiwu ya kauce wa aiwatar da ɗaukar seedlings, ya maye gurbin shi tare da sassaukarwa.

Kamar yadda tsincewa shine dalilin lalacewa ga asalinsu marasa ƙarfi, da kuma lakaran rashin girma.

Sabili da haka, muna ci gaba da tankuna masu kyau. Zaka iya saya su a cikin kantin sayar da kayan abinci, ko sanya kanka daga kayan kayan.

Yanayi mafiya sayen sayan su ne kofuna na peat. Suna da numfashi sosai kuma ba su dashi ba. Tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin wannan akwati ba a cire su daga kofin ba, amma sunyi birgima ko dai cikin babban akwati ko kai tsaye a ƙasa. Tushen ba iska ba kuma ba ta lalacewa, wanda shine a asirce "ba mai jinkiri bane, amma cikewar mai girma."

Akwati mai mahimmanci ga seedlings, shekaru da yawa a yanzu, suna da nauyin kofi na filaye. Yawancin siffofi da kuma masu girma iri-iri sun kasance kwarewar irin wannan nau'in nau'i na seedling.

Zabin don shuka seedlings, zaka iya zabar takamaiman layi. Saboda haka, za ku sanya kowace shuka dabam. Rashin ruwa daga gare su yana kwashewa sannu a hankali, kuma siffar jita-jita yana inganta harkokin sufuri. Dukkan tsire-tsire suna cikin wannan yanayi, wanda zai taimaka wajen sauƙaƙe kulawa.

Har ila yau, yana da ban sha'awa don karantawa game da namo na barkono mai dadi.

Dasa tsire-tsire da kuma dasawa: asali da kuma muhimmancin bayanai

Idan kun riga kuka yanke shawara a kan nau'o'in tsaba, kunyi aiki tare da su, ku ɗauki kwantena masu dacewa, ku cika su da ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma aiwatar da shuka tsaba na eggplants ya biyo baya. Har ila yau akwai adadi mai yawa na nuances da suka danganci lokacin shuka da kuma makirci.

Terms of shuka eggplant tsaba - yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye su? Kuma yadda za a ayyana su?

A kan tambaya akan lokacin da ake bukata don shuka tsaba na eggplants, mafi yawan lambu zasu amsa cewa yana da kyau a yi wannan a Fabrairu ko a farkon Maris. A gaskiya ma, wannan amsar tana da nau'i biyu, tun lokacin da yankin da lokacin lokacin saukowa a ƙasa ya kamata a rika la'akari da shi (wanda ya danganta da yanayin yanayi na yanayi).

Tsarin bishiyoyi masu girma da balaga ba ne a lokacin dasa, za su kasance da yawa, wanda a nan gaba zai dace da rayuwarta. Late sowing - alkawuran yi watsi da m lokaci don daidaitawa bayan disembarkation.

Bisa ga bayanin da ke sama, ƙaddamarwa ita ce kamar haka: dole ne a ƙididdige takamaiman kwanakin da ake shuka shuka eggplant, tun da kowa yana da yanayi daban-daban da kuma saukowa (ƙasa, greenhouse, greenhouse).

Amma babban ma'anar ita ce: shuka da tsaba ya kasance 2.5 - 3 watanni kafin dasa shuki seedlings a wuri mai dindindin. Dole ne a lissafta cewa ƙasa ta wannan lokacin ya mai tsanani zuwa zafin jiki na akalla + 18 °.

A wannan lokaci, tsire-tsire ya ci gaba da tushen tsarin tushen karfi, akwai bishiyoyi 6-8, tsirrai mai karfi, kuma kasancewar buds tare da furanni ma zai yiwu. Ta hanyar bin abin da aka ambata a sama a kan shuka shuka lokaci, za ku rage haɗarin rasa amfanin gona ko tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa cutar da cutar zuwa mafi ƙarancin.

Babban yawan amfanin gonar da kuma dasa shuki: menene siffofi da haɗi?

Shuka eggplant seedlings yana da sauki idan an yi a karkashin fim na musamman don greenhouses, ko a cikin wani greenhouse, saboda wannan shuka yana da dumi sosai da ƙauna. Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin layuka zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 centimeters.

Dole ne a yi la'akari da raƙuman ƙasa tare da ƙasa da karamin kara. Yana yiwuwa ya hana evaporation na danshi Rufe seeding tare da filastik kunsa. Ya kamata a kula da zazzabi, kada ya kasance a kasa digiri 26.

Idan ka canja dukkan tsari na seedling don cika yanayin gida, kowane seedplant iri ko tsaba biyu ya kamata a dasa a cassette daban ko karamin tukunya, tare da canja wuri zuwa ga mafi girma akwati (kamar yadda seedlings girma).

Yana da muhimmanci a san: ba za ku iya shuka iri daban-daban na eggplants a cikin karami guda ba. Sharuɗɗan ƙwaya suna bambanta. Wata matsala zai iya fitowa: wasu tsaba sunyi girma kuma dole ne a cire su daga karkashin fim, yayin da tsaba na wasu iri-iri har yanzu suna ci gaba da shuka. Daidaita - kowace sa shuka iri dabam.

Yi haɓaka ƙasa tare da taimakon ruwa mai narkewa. Tun da yake daidai a wannan ruwa cewa kullun crystal ɗin daidai ne, kuma dan gajeren lokacin da ake nunawa a sanyi shine mai kara da karfi da kuma karfi.

A cikin yankuna da masu kula da zafin jiki mai sanyi, yana da wuya kuma ya rage muni ga cututtuka. Idan a lokacin shuka akwai gaske hakikanin dusar ƙanƙara, zaka iya amfani da shi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Wannan hanyar tsaftacewa yana dacewa da tsaba ba tare da tayi ba, amma idan an yi shuka shuka, sai a yi zafi.

Sa'an nan kuma zaka iya fara ɗaukar seedlings. Yana sauti kamar yadda ya dace, amma a gaskiya wannan tsarin yana da rikitarwa game da eggplant seedlings, tun lokacin da eggplant seedlings suna da lalacewar tushen tsarin da wuya a gyara.

Amma, idan har yanzu kin zabi hanyar da za a shuka tare da karɓa, to, ya kamata a yi shi da zarar cotyledons ya bayyana, don haka tsire-tsire za ta ji rauni sosai.

Ba don lalata tsarin tushen ba, yana yiwuwa, da farko girma seedlings a cikin kwantena daban, kuma daga baya, kamar yadda ake bukata, canja wurin kwantena mafi girma (misali, 200 na farko, sa'an nan 600 ml).

Basic kayan yau da kullum na kula eggplant seedlings

Da farko makon bayan germination, zafin jiki ya kamata daidaita a gefen +16 ° C. Yana da wannan zafin jiki ba zai taimakawa wajen shimfidawa ba. Da zuwan ganye na farko, za'a iya ƙara yawan zazzabi a cikin dakin zuwa +24 ° C a rana, kuma kadan kadan a daren.

Yana da kyau 10 zuwa 12 days kafin dasa shuki seedlings a kan gado na gado, don fara yanka shi, hankali rage dare (har zuwa 14 °) da kuma rana (har zuwa 18 °) zazzabi. Bayan wannan hanya, eggplant zai zama sauƙi don kafa tushen a sabon wuri.

Tsarin tsari na ban ruwa, ko duk nuances na danshi

Eggplant seedlings suna da muhimmanci a ruwa da kyau. Rashin rashin ruwa zai haifar da lalacewa na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, da kuma kara - don rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Idan kasar gona ta yi yawa, to, cututtuka daban-daban na cututtuka da tushen rot zai yiwu. Watering, kazalika da gyare-gyare, ana gudanar da shi a safiya na rana.

A manufa makirci don watering eggplant seedlings ne kamar yadda kamar haka:

  • Kafin bayyanar farkon leaflet gaskiya, 1-2 waterings ne da za'ayi (3-4 lita da m2).
  • Bayan bayyanar na farko ainihin leaf - 2-3 watering (14-16 lita per m2).

A cikin wuri na zama dole ne a kula don tabbatar da cewa zafi kusan 60-65%. Don yin wannan, zaka iya yin amfani da mai sauƙi na iska mai mahimmanci ko hanyar tsohuwar hanya - guga na ruwa kusa da mai radiator.

Don rigakafi, bayan fitowar seedlings na eggplants iya zuba a kan ta ruwan sanyi manganese bayani.

A lokacin watering, kauce wa ruwa a kan ganye. Ya kamata ku kuma tabbatar cewa ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi bai damu ba, saboda zai haifar da rot. Yin amfani da ɗakin yana mahimmanci ne a kula da seedlings, amma ya kamata a kauce wa zane.

Slow tsarin tushen tsarin ci gaba a eggplants, da farko na bukatar watering ne kawai karkashin tushen, kuma kawai bayan mako biyu ko uku za a iya shayar a cikin wani kwanon rufi. Dole ne kasar gona ta kasance a cikin karamin jika, amma kada ta kasance rigar.

Shin saman sakawa wata bukata?

An shirya cakuda iri na farko da aka shirya da kyau tare da na gina jiki. Kuma riga tare da ci gaba da ake buƙata ƙarin ciyarwa.

Kafin ɗaukar seedlings, zaka iya ciyarwa a lokaci daya tare da taki mai mahimmanci: domin lita 10 na ruwa - 25 grams na hadaddun taki na kowane irin. Watering ya kasance a karkashin tushe, a cikin kananan allurai.

Akwai mai yawa ko kadan haske ga eggplant seedlings?

Tare da fitowar seedlings zai iya samar da ƙarin haske. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai da fitilar bazai zama ƙasa da 20 cm ba. Yayin da yake girma, dole ne a tasir da fitilar.

Yana da kyawawa don fadada tankuna kowane kwanaki 2-4 zuwa 180 ° zuwa taga, saboda haka, hasken seedlings zai kasance ko da. Idan kulawa daidai ne, baza a miƙa tsire-tsire ba, za su kasance m, tare da launi kore da asalinsu.

Idan kun bi ka'idodi masu girma na eggplant seedlings da kula da shi, hakika za ku sami damar haifar da yawan amfanin ƙasa.