Ana ƙaunar fure saboda kyawun daji da kanta, kyawun fure, kuma, hakika, don ƙanshin musamman mai daɗin ƙanshi ne. A baya can, mazauna tsakiyar Rasha suna iya hassada mutane daga yankunan kudu kawai, amma su da kansu ba su da ƙarfin yin girma ga wannan kyakkyawan fure akan rukuninsu. Amma a yau, kowane shingen gidaje 3 yana alfahari da aƙalla guda tashi daji.
Rosa Maritim: halayyar sa
Ofaya daga cikin tsire-tsire da aka fi sani da kuma mashahuri shine fure. Tun daga tsakiyar shekarar 2019, akwai nau'ikan furanni sama da 1000, da kuma kusan iri 10,000. Kari akan haka, masana basu gushe ba; sama da sabbin nau'ikan fure iri 35 ne ake karban su duk shekara. Tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar sabon salo, sabbin launuka na furanni.
Sarauniyar yankin karkara
Baya ga kyakkyawa, fure yana da kaddarorin magani. Hakanan, ana amfani da fure na fure a cikin kayan kwalliya da ƙanshin wuta. A cikin na dafuwa, fure shima ya sami aikace-aikacensa: an dafa tumatir daga gareta, ana sanya ganyen, ana amfani da shi azaman sha mai ko kuma kayan yaji.
Maritim fure iri-iri ne ke jan ragamar Jumlar a cikin 2007. Kuma ya riga ya sami kyakkyawan yabo daga wurin lambu da ke Turai da Rasha. Wannan itace shuka ta zamani wacce ke cikin dangin hawan dutsen. A tsayi, shuka mai girma ya kai mita 3.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Tun da shekaru 12 kawai suka wuce tun lokacin gabatar da nau'ikan, suna magana da taka tsantsan game da ainihin girman wannan fure.
Rose Maritim yana girma cikin tsayi a hankali, yana girma a ɓangarorin. Kurmin ya kai faɗin cm cm 150. Shuka tana da harbe-harbe masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi, har zuwa 1.5 cm a diamita. Ganye mai haske yana barin halayyar hawa wardi.
A buds na wannan fure iri-iri sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Suna da yawa, har zuwa 15 cm a diamita, tare da adadi mai yawa na filayen fure. Da farko, alkalamiyoyin suna buɗewa ta hanyar ƙwallon ƙwallo, amma kan aiwatar da fure da buɗewa sun zama lebur.
Illolin da aka saukar zuwa ƙarshen baya fallasa ainihin. Rosa Maritim tana tsayayya wa mai kara kuzari, a cikin yanayin rana mai haske, don haka launin alkalami ya kasance mai haske kuma yana dawwama yayin tsawon lokacin furanni. A lokacin kakar, shuka zai iya yin fure sau 2-3, tare da gajerun matakai na hutawa, gwargwadon yankin da aka shuka shi.
Maritim ya tashi: fa'idodi da rashin amfani
Ribobi da fursunoni sun bayyana lokacin da aka kwatanta wannan nau'in tare da sauran nau'ikan iri ɗaya na iri ɗaya. Wannan nau'in shuka a tsawon shekaru na bincike da kuma bayan bincika kwatankwacin bayanin martaba da ra'ayoyin lambu, an gano ire-iren waɗannan fa'idodin:
- juriya zuwa low da kuma zafi zafi, kazalika da zayyana;
- manyan buds da ke rufe ɗaukacin shuka;
- maimaita fure a duk tsawon lokacin;
- tsari mai dacewa na daji, don amfani da abubuwa masu ƙira iri iri.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Mummunan ingancin da aka saukar shine guda ɗaya - ƙanshi mai rauni, kusan ƙanshin rashin wari.
Sakamakon fa'idarsa, fure Maritim yana ɗaukar girman kai a cikin wurin amfani don ƙirƙirar ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Mafi mashahuri wuri don dasa shi ana daukar su fences, shinge ko ganuwar. Itace tana da tsari mai sauƙin biyayya da biyayya, wanda zai baka damar amfani da fure idan kana son ƙirƙirar baka, rafi, shinge da adadi.
Tare da shinge
Dasa kuma fure fure
Maritim ya dasa fure a tsakiyar kaka: a ƙarshen Satumba, farkon Oktoba. Wajibi ne a zabi lokacin dasa domin shuka ya iya yin tushe kafin farkon yanayin sanyi.
Dasa kayan da aka shirya a gaba, mahimmin shiri shiri ne na tsiro, tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen gangar jikin. An sayi seedling a cikin wuraren adana dabbobi ko shagunan sana'a na musamman, amma a wasu lokuta ana iya shuka shi da kansa.
Don wannan, gogaggen masu girbi na fure suna amfani da:
- tsirowar ƙwayar cuta;
- yanke;
- rarraba daji.
Kafin dasawa, ya zama dole don shirya wurin da daji zai girma. Wannan fure iri ne da yanayin yanayi yake tsayawa, amma bai kamata ku dauki kowane wata dama ba. Rose tana son rana kuma yakamata a tsare ta daga ayyukanta. Koyaya, ɗan itacen yana buƙatar samun damar samun iska mai kyau kyauta. Ya kamata a zaɓi fifiko ga ƙasa mai ciyawa, ƙasar loamy.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Tsaye da ruwa na ƙasa a cikin kusancin tushen tsarin bai kamata ba. Idan akwai haɗari, dole ne a shigar da hawan magudanar ruwa.
Hakanan, kafin dasawa, kuna buƙatar shirya kayan dasa. A saboda wannan, an keɓe seedling daga marufi kuma an sanya shi a cikin sa'o'i 24 a cikin ruwa. Bayan wannan, kuna buƙatar cire harbe masu rauni, barin ba fiye da guda 5 daga cikin mafi karfi ba. Har ila yau, suna buƙatar a taƙaita su zuwa cm 15. Ya kamata a bincika tushen tushe kuma a cire tushen da ya lalace a hankali, idan akwai. Bayan haka, an sanya seedling a cikin cakuda-ruwa mai-ruwa kuma ana ajiye shi a ciki har zuwa 5 hours.
A lokaci guda, an shirya rami don saukowa. Ya kamata diamita ta rami ya zama kimanin cm 50. An sanya magudana a ƙasan ramin kuma an zuba cakuda kayan abinci. Bayan wannan, an shigar da seedling a cikin rami da aka shirya kuma an cika shi da ƙasa. Tushen tushe bai kamata ya zauna mai zurfi sama da cm 4. Bayan dasawa, ana shayar da Maritim fure tare da maganin dungum-ruwa kuma an ɗaure mai tushe.
Saukowa
Kula da hawan Maritim
Rosa tsire-tsire ne mai ƙaunar ruwa, saboda haka yana buƙatar yin ruwa akai-akai, musamman a farkon kwanakin bayan dasawa. Babban bukatun ruwa don ban ruwa - dole ne a zaunar dashi, babu yanayin sanyi. Shayar da safe da maraice don kauce wa kunar rana a jiki a kan shuka.
Don shuka ya girma lafiya kuma ya yi kwanciyar hankali, mutum dole ne ya ba da izinin ƙasa ta bushe a gindin daji. Rosa yana buƙatar samun isashshen oxygen a koyaushe. Don yin wannan, daji yana buƙatar a kwance kullun kuma a kula da ciyawa. Don ciyarwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, an zaɓi takin gargajiya. Manufa: takin zamani da takin gargajiya.
Ganyen yana faruwa kamar yadda ake buƙata a duk lokacin. An shawo kan ciyawar ko dai don baiwa shuka yadda yakamata, siffar da aka shirya, ko don kula da kamannin lafiya a shuka. Cire mai rauni, fashe fashe, buds da suka lalace ko suka kasa haɓaka.
Mahimmanci! Idan kana buƙatar dasa shuki na datti zuwa wani sabon wuri, to lallai ne a yi shirye-shiryen cikakke.
Domin dasawa da ciyawar daji ta bayar da furanni mafi kyau fiye da da, dole ne a bi ƙaƙƙarfan dokokin dasawa.
Don juyawa, farkon bazara ko tsakiyar kaka ya dace. Ya kamata a shirya fure: tsofaffi, mara ƙarfi da bushe rassan an datse, tsawo na shrub kada ya wuce 0.5 m. Tushen buƙatar a haƙa a hankali, kiyaye ƙammar ƙura. Bayan tono sama, dole ne a ɗaure tushen tushen tare da zane mai laushi ko gauze.
A cikin sabon rami, ya zama dole don sanya takin da takin mai magani, sannan a kafa shuka mai ban ruwa. Ana iya cire iska kawai lokacin rami ya cika da ƙasa. Wannan zai ba da damar tushen ya ɗauki sabon matsayi a hankali kuma ba tare da damuwa ba. Sannan ramin ya cika gaba ɗaya, yayin da ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa fure na fure yana daidai da yadda ake yin girbin da ya gabata.
Tsara don hunturu
Domin fure zuwa hunturu cikin nasara, dole ne a shirya. An tsabtace bishiyoyi na tsohuwar harbe da fure, kawai 10-15 lafiyayyun harbe an bar don hunturu. Peat da humus ne suke yin ginin dajin. An tattara harbe a cikin ɓoye ɗaya kuma an ɗaure shi. Idan akwai gibba tsakanin harbe, to ya zama dole don matsawa daji tare da paws coniferous. Sannan dole ne a ɗaure fure tare da kayan ruɓaɓɓu, misali, isolon ko agrofibre.
Mahimmanci! Kuna iya rufe shi da polyethylene, amma kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan ingancinsa. Dole ne fim ɗin ya zama mai sassauƙa kuma mai laushi.
Gudun ruwa
Wannan ire-iren, wani lokacin ana kiran shi da Maritime fure, yana cikin bayyanar maimaitawa ta hawan hawan zamani. Abin da ya sa fure na Maritim ya tashi daga ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni zuwa ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba. Dukkanta ya dogara da irin nau'in saukowa yankin da wane yanayi yake cikin yanayi. Furanni ana fentin launuka iri-iri na rasberi mai haske: daga ruwan hoda mai haske zuwa lilac mai rauni. Wani lokaci, a cikin fure, suna kama da fure mai fure.
Fure fure, rufe duka daji tare da buds, daga kasa zuwa sama. Bayan cikakkiyar fure, bishiyar tana cikin yanayi mai sanyin jiki na wani kankanin lokaci. A wannan lokacin, yana samun dole don fure na abubuwan da aka gano da abubuwan gina jiki. Lokacin hutawa zai dogara da yanayin yanayi kuma yana iya wucewa daga 7 kwanaki zuwa makonni 6.
Bud
Kula da tsiro a lokacin da bayan fure ba shi da banbanci da kulawa ta yau da kullun. Abinda kawai, a ƙarshen fure da kuma lokacin cin amana, Maritim ya tashi yana buƙatar ƙarin kayan miya a cikin nau'in takin gargajiya da ma'adinai.
Idan ciyawa na dogon lokaci ba zai iya samun launi ko buds waɗanda suka saita ba su faɗi, yana da buƙatar duba danshi ƙasa da acidity. Logona ruwa mai yawa na iya dakatar da fure na fure har sai shuka ya koma al'ada. Acidasafin ƙasa kuma yana rinjayar samuwar launi.
Hankali! Don rage yawan acidity, ruwa da fure tare da dan kadan alkaline bayani.
Yabon fure
Kuna iya shirya Maritim fure don yaduwa a kowane lokaci na shekara. Koyaya, a cikin hunturu zaka iya yada kawai idan yana cikin yanayin ɗakin. Ba shi yiwuwa a hargitsa wani fure da aka keɓe don lokacin sanyi.
Daji yana yaduwa ta hanyar yanke. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar bugun, wanda kwanan nan ya watsar da duk buds. An datsa harbi tare da wuka mai kaifi, a wani kusurwa na 45 °. Dukkan sassan da za'a yanke akan mai zuwa nan gaba dole ne ayi, lura da wannan kusurwa
An yanka harbi a cikin yankan, kimanin 10-15 cm tsayi. Yana da mahimmanci aƙalla wakilai masu samar da koda guda 3 su zauna a kan sashin. Sannan, an girka kayan da aka shirya a cikin akwati na ruwa. Ruwa ya kamata ya rufe rassan ba fiye da rabi.
Hankali! Don saurin haɓakawa cikin ruwa, zaka iya ƙara magani kamar "Kornevin."
Bayan fure sun yi toho, kuna buƙatar jira har sai sun isa tsayin 2-3 cm Bayan wannan, hanyoyin sun rabu da makaman tare da mashin mai kaifi da bakin ciki, a hankali a hankali, yana ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin haushi. Sannan a sake sanya shi cikin ruwan-da-abinci na rayuwa tsawon kwanaki. Bayan kimanin mako guda, ana iya dasa harbe zuwa cikin ƙasa kuma ci gaba da yin tushe a gida. Idan tushen wucewa da nagarta, to a farkon kakar dasa kayan za'a iya dasawa cikin bude ƙasa.
Cutar da kwari
Wannan fure iri ne mai tsayayya wa kwari da cututtuka daban-daban waɗanda tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu saukin kamuwa da su. Iyakar cutar da ke faruwa a kan Maritim fure shine mildew powdery. Ya bayyana daga wuce haddi na danshi. Bayan an samo naman gwari, ya zama dole don daidaita ruwan shuka da kula da ganyen daji tare da maganin sabulu mai wanki.
Hankali! Hakanan, fure na iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar aphids. Aphids a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na iya rufe dukkan ganye da harbe wani tsiro, yana lalata bayyanar bishiyoyin da fure mai fure. Zaka iya kawar da masifa da taimakon sunadarai da aka bunkasa musamman daga wadannan kwari.
Rose yana buƙatar kulawa, ƙauna da kulawa. Ko ta yaya, ba ta da ƙazamin ra'ayi kamar yadda take zato. Wannan fure mai ƙanshi mai kyan gani yana da iko mai ƙarfi. Idan kun koya don kula da fure, to, zai cika gonar, duka masoya da kwararru, tare da farin ciki da kyan gani na shekaru da yawa.
