Furen erythronium furen fure ne wanda yake farantawa da farawar sa a farkon bazara. Yana da launi wanda ba a saba gani ba, yawancin lambu suna amfani dashi don yin ado da lambun. Kula da erythronium bashi da wahala. Labarin zai gaya maka duk abin da ake buƙata game da wannan shuka.
Bayanin Botanical
Ana kuma kiran Erythronium kandyk. Furen yana perennial kuma yana cikin dangin Liliaceae.
Labarin bayyanar
Kandyk Pagoda a vivo yana girma a cikin Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Japan, Siberiya, Caucasus. Yana girma da kyau a cikin tsaunuka, cikin sanyi, bude da kuma wurare masu haske. An jera nau'ikan Siberian a cikin Littafin Red. Wannan itace sabuwar fure ga Rasha; tana mamakin yadda take da kyau yan lambu da yawa.
Erythronium pagoda yana da wani suna - kandyk
Abubuwan shuka
Kandyk fure ne wanda yake fara yin fure a farkon bazara. Rassanta sunyi kama da fure. Yawancin tabarau na filayen fure sune rawaya, shunayya, fari, da ruwan hoda. Ya girma zuwa tsawo na cm 47. Ya kasance nau'in tsire-tsire masu bulbous. Yana da furanni na ado.
Don bayani! Kandyk shuka kwararan fitila ana ɗauka don abinci. Hakanan ana amfani dasu azaman magunguna. A baya can, an yi amfani da tubers don murmurewa daga tsutsotsi da colic, kazalika da aphrodisiac.
Habitat Kandyka - bude wurin
Bayanin nau'ikan erythronium
Da aka jera a ƙasa su ne mafi mashahuri nau'ikan Pagoda kandyka.
Ba’amurke
Wannan nau'in yana girma a cikin ƙananan wurare da sassan tsakiyar Amurka da Kanada. Furanni suna girma a cikin tsaunuka. Albasa tayi kama da siffar kwai. Ganyayyaki sun kai tsawon 20 cm, nisa na cm 5. Akwai ƙananan aibobi launin ruwan kasa akan ganye. Tsawon Peduncle na kusan 0.3 m. Petals suna da launi mai rawaya mai haske. Wani lokacin akwai launin toka mai launin shuɗi.
Gashi
Wannan nau'in yana fure a cikin tsakiyar Kanada da Amurka ta Amurka. Ya yi kama da kallon Amurka. Petals na iya zama ruwan hoda, shunayya ko shuɗi.
Ganin fuska
Multi kara
Ya girma a cikin yankuna yankuna na Amurka. Yankunan da suke rarrabawa sune gandun daji masu haske da dutsen kwari. Ganyayyaki suna da nau'i mai juyawa. Furanni-cream-fure tare da tushe mai ruwan lemo. Peduncle yana da furanni ɗaya zuwa uku.
Henderson
Yana girma a cikin Oregon a cikin gandun daji mai haske da ciyawa. Ya bayyana a Turai a cikin 1887. Kwan fitila yana da sifofi mai fadi da kuma gajere. Ganyen suna da duhu launin shuɗi. Harbin ya kai tsawon 10-30 cm a kan daji daga fure daya zuwa uku.
Ra'ayin Henderson
Dutsen
Ya girma a arewa maso yammacin Amurka. Ya fi son makiyaya mai ciyawa. Kwan fitila na oblong siffar. Gashi ya kai tsawon 0.45 m .. ganye yana da siffar kwai, a tushe suna da kunkuntar. Furanni suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Bract orange.
Lemon rawaya
Ya haɗu a cikin yankin Amurka mai ɗaukar hankali. Ana samunsa a cikin gandun daji. Akwai aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki. Kara tsayi 10-20 cm.
Kula! Furanni masu launin shuɗi ne. Idan suka tashi, sai suyi ruwan hoda.
Kalifoniya
Ya girma a cikin gandun daji na California. Ganyayyaki suna da silo mara nauyi. A saman su tabo ne. Leaf tsayi har zuwa cm 10. maure mai tsayi ya kai tsawon 0.35. Furanni sune launin farin-cream. A masu noman furanni, ire-iren wadannan sun shahara kamar:
- Kandyk Erythronium Farar Fata (Kyawawan Zama). Erythronium White kyakkyawa yana da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai duhu tare da zobe mai duhu mai duhu a tsakiya. Ganyen Perianth suna kama da pagoda na kasar Sin;
- Gidan Ruwa na Harvingtown. Kayan fure-mai launin fata tare da tushe mai rawaya.
Manyan
Yana girma a cikin matakan Amurka da Kanada. Hakanan an samo shi a cikin gandun daji da tsaunuka. Tushen gajere ne, albasa ke kan su. Tsawon tsinkaya 0.3 zuwa 0.6 m. Tsawonsu shine 0.2 m. A kara daga aya zuwa shida furanni. Petals suna rawaya launin shuɗi. Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan wannan nau'in:
- fararen - petals suna da dusar kankara;
- zinari - furanni rawaya;
- Nuttal - jan anhs;
- Rubens - ruwan hoda-ja.
Babban gani
Oregonum
Yana girma a cikin zurfin teku na tekun Pacific na Amurka da Kanada. Tsawon daga 0.1 zuwa 0.4 m. Akwai aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki. Suna da yawa. Ganyen Perianth fari fari. Kyawun fasalin - yana son danshi. Sanannen nau'ikan wannan nau'in:
- yadudduka da fararen fata - filayen fararen fata;
- An rufe Johnson - launin ruwan hoda mai duhu mai duhu;
- nannade farin - furanni masu launin fari-cream.
Tuolumni
Kandyk Tuolumni Pagoda yana girma ne a cikin Sierra Nevada. Kai 0.3-0.4 m. Ganyayyaki kore kore.3.3 m .. Furanni masu launin rawaya ne da launin zinare. Mafi shahararrun iri:
- Pagoda - rawaya-lemun tsami;
- Kongo wani tsari ne wanda aka kirkireshi ta hanyar tsallake wani nau'in juyawa da jinsin Tuolumni. Furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da tint na launin toka.
Siberiyanci
Yana girma a kudancin Siberiya da Mongolia. Kwan fitila masu launin kwai ne. Kara shine 0.12-0.35 m. Petals na launin ruwan hoda-mai ruwan hoda. Brownish ya fita tare da tsarin kore.
Caucasian
Ana samo shi a cikin gandun daji na yammacin Transcaucasia. Yankin kwararan fitila suna da sifar-cylindrical siffar. Tsawon kara shine 0.25 m. Akwai aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki. Perianth yellowish ko fari.
Kallan Caucasian
Don bayani! Yana jurewa frosts talauci.
Turai
Yana girma cikin yankuna masu faɗi da keɓaɓɓu na Turai. Launi na kara ne mai launin shuɗi. Tsawonta 0 0-0-0.3 m. Petals fari ne, ruwan hoda, shunayya. A kan tushe fure daya ne. A sa ne sanyi-resistant.
Jafananci
Yana girma a tsibirin Kuril, Sakhalin, Karelia da Japan. Kwararan fitila sune silsilar silinda. Kara 0.3 m. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa. Tsawon su shine cm 12. Kyautan fure mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Damuwa
Waɗannan nau'ikan iri ne da aka samo sakamakon haɗuwa da nau'ikan halittu da yawa. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu:
- White Knight - furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara-fari;
- Scarlet - furanni na launi rasberi mai zurfi;
- Fangaran farin - rawaya mai launin shuɗi.
Kandyk: saukarwa da kulawa
Girma kandyka tsari ne mai sauki. Yana buƙatar rare ruwa. Mulching wani lokaci ana buƙata.
Watse
A lokacin girma, yakamata a sha ruwa ya zama cikin matsakaici. Karku bar danshi ya yi turɓaya ko ƙasa ta bushe sosai.
Mahimmanci! A ƙarshen watan Yuni, furanni sun faɗi, amma ana buƙatar ciyar da ruwa sosai, kamar yadda kwararan fitila suka kasance a ƙasa.
Fesa
Furen ba ya buƙatar ƙarin spraying.
Haushi
Yawan wuce haddi ba a buƙatar shuka don tambaya. Idan fure yake toshe ruwa, to yana iya yin rashin lafiya.
Kasar
Ana buƙatar ƙasa mai zuwa don dasa kandyka: Turf ganye, ciyawar lambu, humus, yashi sun haɗu.
Manyan miya
A cikin farkon kakar, ba a amfani da takin mai magani ba. Bayan fadowa furanni suna buƙatar kwayoyin. A cikin bazara sanya takin mai ma'adinai.
Siffofin Kula da hunturu
Rimwayar da shuka ba shi da daraja. Lokacin da fure ta shiga hutu, za'a iya cire sashin ƙasa. Kandyk yana da sanyi mai tsaurin sanyi, saboda haka za'a iya barin sa a cikin ƙasa ta bude. Koyaya, idan yankin yana da tsananin sanyi, yana da kyau a rufe shukar tare da bushewar ganye da kuma rassan spruce.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Itaciyar fure ta farawa ne a farkon lokacin bazara. Furen ya ƙunshi ganye shida. Launinta, dangane da nau'in, na iya zama fari, cream, ruwan hoda, shuɗi.
Manyan fure-fure mai yawa. Lokacin ruwa - 1 watan.
Yadda ake yin kiwo
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka uku don yadda ake yaɗa wannan fure.
Tsarin shuka
Furen da ake tambaya ana iya yada shi ta zuriya ko yara.
Kula! Dukkan nau'ikan Amurka za'a iya girma tare da tsaba.
Ba a sarrafa iri-iri kafin dasa shuki idan an shuka su kafin hunturu. Waɗannan irin shuka da aka shirya dasa shuki a cikin bazara suna buƙatar daidaitawa. Don yin wannan, dole ne a adana su a cikin jakar filastik tare da yashi rigar a cikin firiji na watanni uku.
Mahimmanci! Babban abu shine kada a rasa lokacin da kwalaye na iri suka fara budewa, in ba haka ba zasu fadi a ƙasa kuma su ninka da shuka-kai a inda manoma ba sa so.
Dole ne a haƙa ƙasa kuma a bi da ta da shirye-shiryen tururuwa.
Zai fi kyau shuka tsaba kafin hunturu. Wajibi ne a shuka a cikin layuka tare da nisan 10 cm .. Nisa tsakanin tsaba shine cm 5. Wajibi ne a zurfafa ta cm 3 Bayan dasa, ana yin shara mai yawa. Tsara don hunturu ba lallai ba ne.
Harbi zai tashi a cikin bazara. Bulwan fitila tsari ne mai tsawo. Flow zai faru a cikin shekaru 4-7.
Kwan fitila dasa
Lokacin dasa kwararan fitila ga kowane nau'in, akwai wasu buƙatu. Fitar da nau'ikan Yuro-Asiya ana yin su ne da cm 10 cm, kuma Amurkawa tazarar cm 16-20. Tsakaita a bangarorin biyu ba kasa da 15 cm.
Yawon fitila da yara
Ta wannan hanyar, fure zai zama shekara mai zuwa. Ana saukowa ƙasa a ƙarshen Yuni. Matakan-mataki-mataki akan yadda ake yin wannan:
- Shirya rijiyoyin.
- Ana sanya kwararan fitila 3-4 a cikin kowane rami.
- Yayyafa da ƙasa, m kuma zuba.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Erythronium wata itaciya ce da ke iya tsayawa cuta. Karin kwari na shuka sune bears, moles da mice. Ana sarrafa iko sosai ta amfani da tarkuna. Don beyar, suna yin ramuka, suna sanya sabon taki a can kuma su rufe shi da wani abu. Lokacin da kwari da yawa suka taru a wurin, an lalace.
Erythronium wata itaciya ce wacce ake yawan amfani da ita wajen kawata wani shafi. Hakanan ya zama sananne saboda gaskiyar cewa dasa da kuma kula da kandyk a cikin ƙasa shine tsari mai sauƙi. A inji shi ne resistant zuwa cuta kuma yana da kyau hunturu hardiness.
