Ana amfani da yawancin nau'ikan bishiyoyi na ornamental a cikin zane mai faɗi. Zasu iya taka rawar shinge ko zama lafazi a cikin tsarin fure. Spirea, dasawa da kulawa a cikin filin budewa wanda yake mai sauqi qwarai, dacewa da manufa guda, kuma ga wata. Yana da matukar na ado da kuma unpretentious, da yawa fure ne mai girma ban da ta ab .buwan amfãni. Koda mai farawa zai iya girma.
Kafin ka fara dasa shuki wannan shuki, ya kamata ka san kanka da ka'idodin girma da karin kulawa, gano irin nau'in shuka shine spirea.
Yadda Ake Shuka Spirea: Shuka da Kulawa
Don girma shuka lafiya wanda zai yi farin ciki ba kawai tare da lush greenery, amma kuma tare da yawan fure, Ya zama dole don samar da duk matakai: daga sayan kayan dasa zuwa kula da dasa shuki na farko.
Spirea shine shukar daji mai ban sha'awa.
'Yayan itace
Mataki na farko shine siyan kayan dasawa. Ya danganta da dalilin da yasa shuka zai girma, a matsayin shinge ko don shuka guda ɗaya, yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade iri-iri. Suna da yawa daga cikinsu, suna da buƙatu daban-daban da halaye na waje. Daga cikin ire-iren wannan akwai tabbacin zama ɗaya wanda yafi dacewa da takamaiman yanayin.
Bayan da aka zaɓi iri-iri kuma ana ƙaddara yawan adadin ƙudura na seedlings, zaku iya ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa sayen kayan dasa. Akwai mahimman ƙa'idodi biyu don la'akari.
- Abu na farko da ya kamata ka kula dashi shine tushen tsarin. Dole ne ya zama yana da haɓaka sosai kuma yana da akalla ƙarfe uku na ƙarfi. Hakanan bai kamata ya lalace da wuraren da ke da alamun cutar ba.
- Ya danganta da lokacin shuka, ana kiyasta yanayin ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire. Idan sayan seedling ya faru a cikin bazara, to, kujerun da ke jikinta ya kamata har yanzu a rufe kuma ba kumbura ba. Game da batun dasa shuki, ganye akan harbe ya riga ya kasance ba ya nan.
Spirea seedling
Lokaci da kuma fasaha mai sauka
Don dasa shuki, zaku iya zaɓar lokacin kaka da bazara. Babban abu shine la'akari da yanayin. Ya kamata a zaɓa lokacin dasa shuki wanda kafin a fara yin sanyi shuka ya sami lokacin girma, kuma a cikin bazara kana buƙatar jira har sai barazanar sanyi ta shude.
Dasa seedling
Mahimmanci! Matasa seedlings suna da gaske wuya a kan danshi. Idan kuwa aka tsawaita lokacin rashin isasshen ruwan sama, ya zama dole a cika maye ruwa a kai a kai.
Fasaha
Tsarin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ana iya kasu zuwa matakai da yawa masu nasara.
- Harkar rami. Dankinta ya kamata ya wuce girman tushen tsarin seedling da kashi 20-30%.
- Cika rami rami tare da 2/3 tattalin ƙasa. Ya kamata a yafa ƙasa da ƙugiya.
- Jerawa iri. Tushen shuka suna buƙatar gyara, cire lalacewa kuma ya shimfiɗa a kan shimfin tufar ƙasa.
- Cika ramin tare da sauran ƙasa. Ya kamata a tabbatar cewa tushen wuyan seedling yana zamewa tare da saman duniya.
- Watse. Hakanan yana da kyawawa don ciyawa ƙasa kusa da shuka don rage asarar danshi.
Kula! Spirea baya jure rikodin tushe daga tushen sa. Idan ruwa na karkashin kasa ya ta'allaka kusa da wurin ko kuma ƙasa ta ƙunshi yumɓu mai yawa, dole ne a sanya maɓallin juji a ƙasan ramin sauka. Don wannan, kyakkyawan tsakuwa, kwakwalwan tubali ko tsakuwa zasu yi.
Idan aka dasa iri a dunƙule tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, ana yin shukar ruwa kai tsaye cikin rami mai dasawa, sannan ya cika da ƙasa.
Preparationasa shiri da zaɓi shafin
Spirea ne unpretentious ba kawai a cikin kulawa, amma kuma ba wuya a kan ƙasa. Yana da ikon yin girma kusan ko'ina, amma don kyakkyawan nau'in shuka kuna buƙatar lura da wasu yanayi. Wajibi ne a bincika abin da spirea ƙasa ke ƙauna da kuma inda ya fi kyau sanya shi a cikin lambu.
Wannan perennial shrub barnatar da haƙuri wuce haddi danshi, bi da bi, kuma kasar gona fi son haske da drained. Don haɓaka abun da ke cikin yumɓu, yana da kyau a ƙara yashi da peat a ciki. Idan ƙasa mai yashi ce kuma mai haske, ba ta jin daɗin yin yumɓu.
Hakanan, lokacin shirya ƙasa don shuka, takin ko ciyawar da ta lalace ya kamata a ƙara da shi.
Spirea itace shukar fure. Sakamakon yanayin yanayinsa, yana iya girma a cikin inuwa, amma yalwataccen fure a wannan yanayin bai kamata a tsammaci ba. Don yin wannan ɗan itaciya mai dadi ba kawai tare da ciyawar fure ba, har ma tare da furanni, yana da kyau zaɓi wuri mai dasa don dasa shuki.
Girma a cikin bazara da kaka
Flowering spirea na iya faruwa ko dai a lokacin rani ko bazara. Wannan abun yakamata ayi jagora lokacin zabar lokacin sauka. Lokacin bazara ya dace musamman don nau'in bazara-fure. A cikin kaka, zaka iya shuka dukkan nau'in halittu, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin furanni ba.
Mahimmanci! A lokacin dasa shuki, babban aikin shine samar da seedlingsan kananan yara tare da danshi, musamman tare da kasancewar rashin tsawon lokacin ruwan sama.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, kuna buƙatar kulawa da gina tsari don matasa tsirrai don hunturu. Ya danganta da iri-iri, ana saita matsuguni don hunturu ko wane shekara, ko kawai don farkon hunturu bayan dasa.
Siffofin kulawa a yankuna daban-daban
Sakamakon rashin daidaituwarsa kuma yana da tsaurin sanyi, spirea ya dace da girma har a Siberiya da Urals. Tabbas, ba duk irin wannan shuka ba ne ya dace da waɗannan yankuna. Mafi dacewa:
- ganye na Birch;
- matsakaici;
- oak-leaved;
- Vanguta;
- launin toka
- Billard;
- loosestrife.
Safiya Amarya
Ganin mawuyacin yanayin damina na waɗannan yankuna, ko kuma rashin yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu, tsari don spirea hunturu ya zama dole kowace shekara. Hakanan, kwanakin saukowa za su kasance daban. A lokacin bazara, zai fi kyau a fara aiwatar da wannan tsari daga baya, kuma a cikin kaka, akasin haka, da wuri, kafin lokacin sanyi ya zo. Spirea a cikin Urals, namo abin da ke da matukar wahala a nan, yaɗu kuma ya shahara.
Babu wasu buƙatu na musamman don shuka wannan shuki a cikin kewayen gari. Lokacin barin, ya kamata ka mai da hankali kan halaye na iri-iri, kuma mafi musamman akan taurin hunturu. Misali, White Bride spirea, dasa da kulawa wanda yake mai sauki ne, zai iya jure sanyi har zuwa −40 ° С.
Kula! A matsayinka na mai mulkin, duk nau'in halitta suna iya yin hunturu a cikin yankin Moscow ba tare da mafaka ba, wannan yanki yana ba su damar tsira daga sanyi kawai a ƙarƙashin wani dusar ƙanƙara. Yakamata a yi la’akari da yadda za a datse spirea daidai yayin shiri don hunturu.
Kiwo
Don spirea, har ma da sauran nau'in shrubs, akwai zaɓuɓɓukan kiwo da yawa. Kuna iya samun sabon shuka ta hanyar rarraba daji, ko zaka iya yin huɗa. Amma irin wannan dama ba koyaushe yake bayyana ba, musamman ma idan maigidan da ke son bai son cutar da itacen don rabawa. A wannan yanayin, yan itace a matsayin hanyar haifuwa cikakke ne.
Yankan
Zai dace a ɗauki actionsan matakai.
- Ana shirya ganyen. Don wannan dalili, kuna buƙatar zaɓar sabon shekara kuma ku yanke shi guda don kowane ɗayan yana da ganye 4-5. Ya kamata a cire ƙananan ƙananan, ragowar ya rage.
- Bayyanar da mafita. Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar sanya peren a cikin mafita daga abubuwan haɓaka mai haɓakawa tare da tsayayya da su don lokacin da ake buƙata.
- Saukowa a cikin ƙasa. Tushen daskararre na iya zama a cikin akwati daban ko a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Dole ne a shirya ƙasa a bangarorin biyu.
- Shigarwa tsari. Bayan dasawa, ya kamata a rufe gefuna tare da gilashin gilashi ko kwalban filastik da aka yanka.
Na gaba, koyaushe dole ne ka tabbata cewa kasar gona a wurin dasa shuki itace kasance da laima. Hakanan, fesawa lokaci-lokaci zai zama da amfani a gare su.
Don hunturu ana iya barin su a cikin ƙasa, amma tabbatar da rufe sosai. Wintered da balaga da tsiro ta bazara za a iya dasawa zuwa m wuri.
Tsaba
Wata hanyar samun sabon tsiron spirea shine ta hanyar yaduwar iri.
Mahimmanci! Wannan hanyar ba ta dace da kowane iri ba. Ga masu haɓaka irin su Wangutt, Billard da Spiked Spiraea, ba lallai ba ne.
Wannan tsari na kiwo shima ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa.
- Tarin iri. Don nau'in fure-fure-fure, wannan shine farkon watan Yuni, kuma don nau'in furanni-lokacin bazara - ƙarshen wannan watan ko kuma daga baya.
- Preparationasa shiri. A cikin akwati na musamman, zuba cakuda peat tare da vermiculite a cikin rabo na 4: 1.
- Shuka. Ana samarwa a farfajiya, ba tare da binne tsaba a cikin ƙasa ba.
- Moisturizing. Ya kamata a sanyaya ƙasa a hankali tare da kwalban feshi, a mai da hankali sosai kada a goge tsaba.
- Tsari. Ya kamata a rufe kwalin da wani fim ko gilashi.
Tsaba
Kuna iya sanya kwandon shara tare da tsaba a gida da waje. Babban abu shine cewa wannan wuri wuri ne a cikin inuwa, kuma ba cikin rana ba.
Kamar yadda harbe suka bayyana, ya kamata a cire fim ɗin. Lokacin da sprouts kai tsawo of 2 cm, da seedlings bukatar dasa. A cikin kaka, ana iya sake dasa su a cikin ƙasa, kuma a cikin bazara zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Kulawar waje
Don cikakken haɓakawa da fure na shekara, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake kulawa da spirea da yadda za'a samar dashi da kulawa ta dace. Ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa da yawa.
Watse
Wannan wajen fari m haƙuri yana bukatar rare amma yalwatacce watering. Zai isa masa lita 15 na ruwa sau 2-3 a wata. Idan hazo yana faruwa a kai a kai, wannan ƙimar zai iya raguwa. Game da rashin danshi, harbe da ganyayyaki na iya bushewa.
Kula! Matasa matasa sun fi buƙatu sosai a gaban danshi. Ya kamata a shayar dasu akai-akai.
Hakanan, wasu nau'in shrubs, alal misali, spirea na Jafananci, suna buƙatar ƙarin m ruwa. Af, furanninta suna da ɗanɗano ruwan hoda mai ɗanɗano.
Takin mai magani da kuma hadi
Spirea tana amsawa ga aikace aikacen takin zamani, na gargajiya da na ma'adinai. A cikin bazara, yana da kyau a yi amfani da takin ma'adinan hadaddun. Wannan zai hanzarta ci gaba da haɓaka shuka. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na Nitrogen kawai a wannan lokacin. A lokacin rani, bayan fure, da kuma bayan an gama girki, ana buƙatar takin gargajiya.
Mahimmanci! Duk wani rigar da yakamata a yi shi ne kawai a kan ƙasa mai laushi.
Don yin takin ma'adinai, yana da kyau zaɓi zaɓi takin da aka yi da hadaddun bishiyoyi na ornamental. Ana iya siyanta a shago na musamman. Misali, Gidan Lamunin Leningrad yana ba da babban zaɓi na irin waɗannan samfuran.
Kamar yadda takin gargajiya, zaka iya amfani da taki ko takin. Amma wannan ya kamata a yi shi da taka tsan-tsan. Me yasa haka Lokacin amfani da taki, yakamata a kiyaye sosai don kiyaye ƙonewa ga tushen tsarin.
Spring Spirea Care, Itace da Ciyarwa
Akwai wasu hanyoyin da ya kamata a aiwatar a cikin bazara. Don spirea, wannan shine tsabtar tsafta.
Mai jan tsami
Ya danganta da lokacin da lokacin shukar fure ya fadi, za'ayi aski mai dacewa. Nau'in bazara-mai fure yana buƙatar ɗan ƙulli kadan. Kawai ƙarshen harbe waɗanda suka sha wahala daga sanyi hunturu suna ƙarƙashin cirewa. Hakanan ya kamata ka cire duk rassan bushe.
Ya kamata a yanyanka fararen tsiro na ƙarshen fure, a bar su 1-2 kawai a kansu. Dole ne a cire takaddun da ya wuce gona da iri don kauce wa matsanancin bushewar daji. Dole mara lafiya da bushe harbe ya kamata kuma a cire.
Don bayani! Lokacin bazara yana da kyau don amfani da takin ma'adinai. Abubuwan da ke dauke da sinadarin Nitrogen an yarda dasu a wannan lokacin.
Shinge Spirea
Wannan ciyawar tana da kyau don amfani azaman shinge. Wannan bangon kore ba zai buƙaci musamman ba. Irin wannan ingancin kamar saurin haɓaka zai ba ka damar samun shinge mai duhu a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Misali, spirea, launin toka, yin kwalliya da samarda wanda yake mai sauki ne, ya dace da irin waɗannan abubuwan. A lokacin fure, ta yi kama da ainihin gimbiya ce fari.
Harshen farin shinge
Yawancin nau'ikan da yawa sun dace don amfani azaman shinge, kuma wasun su ba sa buƙatar yin girki. Amma don samun siffar da ta dace, ya kamata ku san yadda ake yanke spirea.
Kula da irin wannan shinge daidai yake da wanda aka yi amfani da wannan shukar a cikin dasa shuki ɗaya. Amma akwai abubuwanda yakamata ayi la'akari dasu a wannan yanayin.
- Zai fi kyau a ƙayyade yawan kayan dasa kayan da ake buƙata nan da nan kuma sayan seedlings a cikin shago ɗaya. Wannan zai cire yiwuwar dasa shuki iri daban-daban.
- Lokacin dasawa, ya kamata kuyi la'akari da halaye na nau'ikan shrubs. Ya danganta da girman girman shuka na wannan nau'in, ya kamata a ƙaddara tazara tsakanin seedlings a jere.
Mahimmanci! Dasa spirea don shinge ana aiwatar da ita a hanyar warkarwa. Fasahar saukowa ƙasa daidai take da hanyar da ake amfani da ita a cikin ƙasa guda.
Spirea kula bayan fure
Ko da a lokacin da lokacin da spirea blooms, yana da kyau a cire cire goge. Don farkon nau'in fure, wannan hanya ta zama tilas. Wannan yakamata ayi hakane bayan fure.
Don nau'ikan da suka fara bazara a cikin bazara, cire bushewar furanni ma kyawawa ne, amma ana iya yin wannan tare da girkin kaka.
Floweringanyan furanni na farko suna yanyanzu a farkon yanayin bazara kuma suna ɗauka da sauƙi a lokacin kakar. Late flowering ya kamata a pruned da hankali, da harbe ya kamata a muhimmanci taqaitaccen a farkon spring.
Dole ne a cire bushe da lalacewar harbe lokacin bazara da kaka. Wannan ya shafi dukkan nau'in wannan bishiyar.
Mahimmanci! Ya kamata a fitar da daskarewa domin daji ya kunshi harbe harbe daban daban. Wannan zai tabbatar masa da cigaban da ya dace. Ya kamata ka kuma tsai da wa'adin lokacin da aka bayar, lokacin da aka yanke lokacin da za'a yanke spirea ya zama dole.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Kafin shuka ya shiga wani yanayi mai sanyi a cikin hunturu, ya kamata a sanya masa tsafta. Duk bushe harbe dole ne a cire. Harbe suna taqaitaccen zuwa tsawon da ya dace da wannan nau'in halittu. Autumn pruning ya kamata a da za'ayi a cikin irin wannan hanyar da shuka yana da lokaci don motsawa daga gare ta a farkon yanayin sanyi.
Abin da za a ciyar da spirea a wannan lokacin? Bayan wannan hanya, zaku iya ciyar da shigan tare da takin gargajiya-potassium phosphorus.
Wasu nau'in spirea suna buƙatar tsari don hunturu, kuma wasu nau'ikan sun sami damar yin hunturu a dusar ƙanƙara. Yana kan buƙatun iri-iri waɗanda ya kamata a bishe su yayin yanke shawara kan shigarwa mafaka.
Cutar da kwari
Spirea yana da tsayayya sosai ga cututtuka da kwari. Amma har yanzu, wani lokacin ana iya jefa shi cikin nau'ikan fungi da harin wasu kwari. Misali, kamar:
- aphids;
- gizo-gizo mite;
- ganye;
- fari.
A irin waɗannan halayen, ana iya lalata ƙwayar shuka sosai. Don guje wa wannan, a kai a kai bi da bi da shirye-shirye na musamman don dalilai na prophylactic.
Spirea shine asalin itacen ornamental wanda yake unpreentious da sanyi mai iya jurewa. Akwai ire-iren ire-iren wannan shukar da ke bambanta ba wai kawai a bayyanar ba, har ma a cikin hanyoyin kula da su.
Mahimmanci! Don cikakken girma da fure, wannan shukar yakamata ya samar da ƙasa mai kyau, ciyawar matsakaici da ciyarwa ta yau da kullun. Hakanan ana buƙatar ingantaccen girki na shekara-shekara.
Spirea za a iya yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji, dasa, yanke da tsaba. A cut mai sauki da wani sashe, da kuma rayuwa kudi na sakamakon seedlings ne sosai high.Don hana kwari da cututtuka, rigakafin rigakafin yau da kullun tare da sunadarai wajibi ne. Sai kawai tare da samar da yanayin da zai dace zai kasance spirea mai daɗi tare da ciyawar da ke tsiro da fure mai yalwatacce a duk shekara.
