Knifofiya - dasa shuki da kulawa a buɗe ƙasa

Wurin haifuwa na knifophia gari ne na Afirka. Zai iya zama misali na musamman a cikin lambun, don haka ana amfani da wannan fure a cikin keɓancewar ƙasa. An girma duka biyu a matsayin guda kuma a hade tare da wasu furanni. Labarin da ke ƙasa ya bayyana yadda kamannin knifophia suke, dasa da kuma kula da furen a cikin filin buɗe ido.

Bayanin Botanical

Kniphofia fure (Kniphofia) fure ne mai keɓancewa. Ya kasance ne ga Asphodelovs subfamily, dangin Xantorrevs. Tana da ganye mai haske mai launin shuɗi, mai zane a launin launi mai launin toka-kore. Dajin ya samar da Rosal Rosset

Menene kamarsa

A takaice game da tarihin bayyanar

Dankin knizofiya ya fara tarihinta tun daga karni na 18. An ambaci sunan shi daga masanin kimiyya daga Jamus E.I. Kniphof. Ya yi aiki a kan tsire-tsire kuma ya zama wanda ya fara bayanin knizofiya na shuka.

Siffofin

Rashin daidaituwa na inflorescences shine ikon su na canza launi. Da farko, kawunan suna da launin ja, sannan kuma su juye lemu, sannan kuma su sami launin shuɗi mai haske.

Bayanin nau'ikan halittu

Zuwa yau, an san nau'ikan knizofia 75. Yawancinsu suna girma ne musamman a ƙasashen Afirka masu zafi. A cikin yanayin tsakiyar yankin, zai yuwu a shuka wasu daga ciki.

Knifofia Tukka

Knifofiya Tukka nau'in tsinkaye ne. Inflorescence na iya girma zuwa 15 cm, kuma tsiron ya kai tsawon 80 cm. Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in sanyi wanda ke jure yanayin zafin jiki. Ana iya girma cikin tukunya a gida.

Ra'ayin Tukka

Mafi yawancin nau'ikan wannan nau'in sune:

• knifofiya Alkazar. Tsayi 80 cm, fure mai fure;
• Flening charshe. Yarinya ce kuma tana ficewa daga wasu saboda girmanta. Ya girma zuwa 65 cm.

Ifoan itacen Knifofiya

Yana da tsayi. Peduncles na iya kaiwa zuwa 2 m, kuma inflorescences har zuwa cm 25. Berry knifofiya wanda kuma ake kira Tritoma.

Grandiflora

Mafi mashahuri nau'in Berry knifofiya:

• Popsicle. Areasan ƙasa akwai launin rawaya mai haske, kuma a saman sune murjani;
• Martani. Girke zuwa 1.5 m Furanni na iya zama ruwan hoda ko ja. Haɓaka ƙauna ce mai zafi-zafi, dangane da wacce dole ne a dasa ta a wurare masu haske;
• Makowena. Yana girma zuwa matsakaici matsakaici. Furanni ya kai cm 10, thean itacen furanni ne mai launi da kamshin zinariya. Yin haƙuri da babban zafi.

Knifophia mai santsi

Hyifofin knifofiya - tsire-tsire mai wucin gadi wanda aka gina shi bisa ga nau'in Berry.

Mafi mashahuri nau'in nau'in:

• Cobra. Yana da latti na zamani. Buds fara Bloom ne kawai a watan Agusta. Fulawa tana faruwa kafin sanyi na farko;
• Roka. Yana da wani m iri-iri. Yana da wuya girma a cikin lambu. Bushan daji ya kai cm 50. Furen furanni kaɗan ne ja. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai budewa, yana farawa bayan watanni 1-2;
• Cardinal. Wannan nau'ikan yana da tsayi, ya kai har zuwa 1.5. Furanni masu launin ja.

Sauran shahararrun nau'in fure da ake tambaya sun hada da:

• Littafin Thomson. Dankin zai iya isa 3 m;
• Dr. Kerr. Tana da tsawon mita, kuma inflorescences din 25-30 cm ne.
• Kyawun Orange. Ya girma har zuwa mita 2. ganye yana miƙa zuwa tsawon 50 cm.

Yadda ake kulawa

Kulawa da kula da Knifofiya na buƙatar wahala matuƙar, tunda tana da tushen Afirka. Don haɓaka al'ada, fure yana buƙatar rana a ko'ina cikin rana. Ba ya yarda da inuwa da marubutan, har ma da yawan zafi.

Watse

Knifofiya shuka ne mai tsayayya da yanayin zafi, sabili da haka, baya buƙatar yawan ruwa.

Fesa

Ba lallai ba ne a fesa shuka, saboda ba ta son yawan danshi.

Haushi

Tun da knifofiya yana da laushi zuwa zafi mai wuce gona da iri, yana da kyau a dasa shi a kan tsauni kuma a ina akwai kyakkyawan tsarin magudanar ruwa.

Kasar

Sandasan yashi ya dace da amfanin gona da ake tambaya. Dole a warke shi sosai kuma a haɗa shi. A kasan ramin, inda ake shirin dasa shuki, shimfiɗa maɓallin magudanar ruwa, sannan a cika shi da ƙasa mai dausayi.

Manyan miya

Wajibi ne a ƙara miya a ƙarƙashin dajin knifofiya, an tsara shi ta hanyar waɗannan ƙa'idodi:

• lokacin da farkon ganye ke ƙyanƙyashe, ana buƙatar takin mai ɗauke da nitrogen;
• bayan wani lokaci, takin tare da takin gargajiya ake aiwatarwa: humus, takin, peat;
• bayan an gama fure, sai a kara potassium ko ash. Wannan zai ba da izinin shuka don yin haƙuri da daskararru.

Siffofin Kula da hunturu

Ya danganta da yankin yanayin zafi, yanayin hunturu na knizofia yana faruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban:

• a kudanci kasar. Ba a dasa shuka ba, amma suna ba da tsari. Lokacin kaka ya zo, an ɗaura ganyen don kada danshi ya shiga ciki. Ana yayyafa bushes tare da ganye ko an rufe shi da fim. A cikin wannan yanayin, fure zai iya canja wurin zafin jiki zuwa -15 ° C;
• a arewacin yankuna. A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ba a bar fure ba. Sun tono shi kuma sun watsa shi cikin wani akwati. Yakamata ya kasance yana da magudanar ruwa da ƙasa mai gina jiki. A cikin wannan yanayin, knizofia zai iya yin hunturu a zazzabi baya ƙasa da 8 ° C.

Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka

Peduncle yana da girma. Lokacin da knifofiya kewaya: daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Furen fure yana da sultanate inflorescence. Ana kuma kiranta spiky ta wata hanya daban. Furanni Bloom hankali.

Knifofiya: girma daga tsaba a gida

Knifofiya yana yaduwa ta iri biyu kuma ta hanyar ciyayi. Girma daga tsaba a gida tsari ne mai wahala, saboda yana da rashi masu yawa:

• ya fi aiki karfi;
• a arewaci da tsakiya babu isasshen hasken rana da zai bunkasa.

Ana amfani da tsaba da aka saya a shagon. Suna sown a karo na biyu rabin Maris. A kasar gona ya kamata mai kyau danshi iya aiki, zama sako-sako da kuma gina jiki. An rufe akwati tare da fim don makonni 2-3. Wani lokaci, ana buƙatar cire fim don fitar da iska da sanyaya ƙasa. A hankali, bayan 'ya'yan fari na farko sun girma, inji ya saba da zazzabi dakin. Lokacin da aka kafa ganye guda biyu, ana shuka tsiron a cikin kwantena daban-daban. Ana saukowa da saukowa a Yuli. Knifofiya za ta fara farawa a shekara ta uku.

Shuka seedlings

Hanyar Kayan lambu

Lokacin da shuka tayi shekaru uku, tana samar da kwandon shara. Ana iya cire su don yaduwar shuka. A farkon watan Mayu, waɗannan kantuna suna kebe tare da wuka mai kaifi. Wurin da ya bushe an bushe shi da kyau da gawayi. Don sassan mata, ana buƙatar shirya rijiyoyin kafin. Dole ne a cika su da ƙasa mai gina jiki. An rarrabe tsire-tsire masu rarrabawa a cikin sa'o'i bayan rabuwa. Da farko, ana yin shuka mai yawa na shuka, sannan kuma, yayin da yake girma, sau 1-2 a mako.

Matsaloli masu yiwuwa

Wasu cututtuka masu haɗari da kwari na iya lalata littafin.

• Daga cikin kwari, kwari masu cin ganye (aphids, gizo-gizo gizo) sun zama ruwan dare. Sun bayyana akan shuki. Don kawar da su, wajibi ne don fesa tare da wakilai masu kashe kwari.
• Daga cututtuka, rot ne na kowa. Yana tasowa akan asalin sa. Dalilin bayyanar shi ruwa ne na kasar gona. Da farko, ana bi da tushen da maganin kashe guba. Idan wannan bai yi aiki ba, to ana cire ciyawar da ke da cutar don hana ci gaba da yaduwar cutar.

Dasa kuma kula da knifofiya tsari ne mai wahala. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka ta fito ne daga Afirka. Yana buƙatar rana mai yawa da zafi. Mafi haɗari a gare shi shine danshi mai wuce haddi, wanda zai tsokani bayyanar cutar. A kowane hali, waɗanda suka yi yunƙurin shuka wannan tsiron na mu'ujiza za su yi farin ciki da furanni da baƙon abu.