Lupine ya yadu cikin ƙasashe da yawa. Kowane iri-iri yana girma a cikin takamaiman yankuna - ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. Furen yana da daraja don kamanninta kyakkyawa, unpretentiousness a cikin kulawa. Ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan don dalilai na aikin gona. Koyaya, masu kiwon kudan zuma suna da nasu sha'awa - da farko, suna da sha'awar tambaya: shin lupine mai shuka ne ko a'a? Don amsa daidai, yana da kyau a shiga cikin bayanin Botanical na wasu nau'in shuka.
Shin lupine mai shuka ne
Sai kawai wani gogaggen kudan zuma zai iya amsa daidai tambayar - lupine zuma shuka ko a'a. Duk nau'ikan tsire-tsire suna da kama da cewa kowane irin fure za'a iya kuskure don shuka zuma. A zahiri, nau'ikan 3 ne kawai.
Lupine kamar ƙwayar zuma
Lupine, a matsayin ƙwayar zuma, ba ta da mahimmanci musamman, tunda nectar wannan al'ada a cikin samfurin gaba ɗaya ƙaramin yanki ne idan aka kwatanta da sauran furanni da tsire-tsire. Amma wannan ya isa ya sanya zuma ta zama sanannu a cikin abubuwan warkarwa.
Aya daga cikin tsirrai iri ɗaya na wannan al'ada tana da girman daraja na shan ƙwayar zuma - lupine mai ganye-ganye. Sauran nau'in suna samar da pollen da yawa da ƙarancin zuma.
Shin shuka itace zuma
Bayanin nau'in nau'in zuma lupine
Lupine na zuma na dogara da nau'ikan tsire-tsire Gabaɗaya, nau'ikan 3 ne kawai masu mahimmanci don kiwon kudan zuma: fari, rawaya da kumburi mai ganye. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da nau'in fari da rawaya a matsayin tushen fure na ƙudan zuma, amma kunkuntar mai tsalle-tsalle tushen asalin nectar. Ya juya cewa ba kowane lupine zuma tare da kyawawan alamun alamun aikin nectar ba.
Amma game da kayan fure na fure, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu abubuwa:
- Dangane da yawan sinadarin nectar, lupine a matsayin inji mai zuma yakan bayar da nauyin 50-90 a kowace hatsi, idan akasarin shine lupine mai kunkuntar da ke girma a yankin.
- Ana tattara tarin nectar da pollen ta kwari bayan kwanaki 100 - 130 na ciyayi.
- Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan furanni, yawan ƙwayoyin nectar daga wannan tsire-tsire ƙanana ne - kawai 10-12%.
Bayanin fure na melliferous
Kasancewar pollen ko nectar daga lupins ana iya tantancewa ta ƙirar halayyar onan itacen a jikin firam ɗin ko ofungiyoyin kwari. Aroanshin irin wannan taɓawa yana da daɗi, ɗanɗano kuma yana da ɗaci kaɗan.
Rawaya
Don samar da ƙudan zuma tare da pollen, ya zama dole don shuka iri-iri na rawaya iri-iri. Wannan nau'in yana girma a cikin Polesie (gandun daji-steppe), a wasu yankuna kana buƙatar dasa fure musamman.
Sanin irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna da sauƙi:
- Ganyen dabino masu launin shuɗi masu launi.
- Mai tushe har zuwa m 1 ba ga tsawo. Wasu lokuta akwai samfurori sama da 2 m.
- Furen yana da tsayi, cike da faren furanni masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda aka tara su cikin manya.
Matsakaicin Rawaya
Kula! Nemi lupine na rawaya a cikin wuraren da yashi, wanda ke da babban acidity.
Flow ya fara a farkon Yuni. Idan fure ya girma a cikin inuwa, to, buds zasu yi fure a farkon Yuli kuma ba za su yi fure mai tsawo ba.
Farin (lat.Lupinus albus)
Wannan iri-iri musamman sananne ne a yankuna na kudanci. Shuka zuma tare da matsakaicin matsakaita, saboda ya fi dacewa da pollen.
A waje, ana iya bayanin fure kamar haka:
- Kara yana kai mita 1 a tsayi. Tushen sau 2 ya fi tsayi.
- Alkalan zai iya kaiwa zuwa 1.5 - 2 m ba ga tsayi.
- Lokacin fure ya fi wata 1. A buds bude a tsakiyar watan Yuli.
- Furen sun girma, fararen launi tare da hadaddun sifar furen.
Farar fata
Informationarin Bayani! Al'adar ta girma ne kawai a wadancan wuraren da kasar gona take da haihuwa. Sabili da haka, duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ya kamata a yi amfani da takin ƙasa.
Farin furanni furen baya tsoron sanyi kuma yana jure fari, amma har yanzu ana ganin shine +25 digiri mai kyau sosai.
Tatse-yisti
Lrowine mai narkewa-shuɗi (shuɗi) ba ɗanyun ganye bane da ke tsiro iri-iri. Kyakkyawan fasalin shine launi na inflorescences. A kan ɗayan farfajiya ɗaya, buds na iya samun shuɗi, shuɗi, ruwan hoda mai shuɗi tare da fararen fata.
Row jinsin mai narkewa yana cikin tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin zuma tare da alamomi masu kyau. Farfajiyar ta kai tsayin mita biyu. Tana son yanayin dumin yanayi; saboda haka, yana girma a cikin yankuna na tsakiya da na gabas. Abun da yakamata na kasar gona yakamata yakamata yashi.
Itatacciyar ƙwayar zuma
Yana jure yanayin sanyi na -8, amma yana son lokacin zafi. Yana blooms na kimanin kwanaki 20, fara a ƙarshen Yuni. Manyan launuka masu launin shuɗi shine kyakkyawan shuka na zuma, amma ban da haka yana samar da ƙudan zuma da pollen shima.
Siffofin lupine a matsayin shuka na zuma: kaddarorin amfani na irin wannan zuma
Lupine ga ƙudan zuma wata itaciya ce mai kyan gani - ƙanshin fure mai ƙanshi na fure-fure, adadi mai yawa na fure mai ƙanshi da ƙoshin itacen nectar. Advantagearin amfani shine kayan musamman na zuma, wanda ya haɗa da ƙwayoyin nectar daga wannan shuka:
- mai rauni ne;
- yana taimaka wa waraka rauni;
- Mafi dacewa don rage kumburi.
Tsanani! Kudan zuma wanda ke dauke da sinadarin lupine na iya haifar da rashin lafiyan mutane a cikin rashin wadatar legume.
Ruwan Lupine
Tsanani! Sakamakon kasancewar duk abubuwan da ke sama, samfurin kudan zuma tare da irin wannan kayan aiki ana amfani da shi sosai don ƙirƙirar tinctures na magani da maganin shafawa, ingantaccen ɓangaren kayan kwalliya.
Yadda ake girma zuma lupine don yawan amfanin zuma
Lupine, wanda abun da ke cikin zuma ba shi da girma, yana buƙatar kulawa ta dace idan an dasa shi don ƙudan zuma. Ingantaccen namo aikin agrotechnics zai haɓaka samar da zuma. Wajibi ne a lura da wadannan abubuwan:
- Kuna iya shuka shuka bayan amfanin gona, beets ko masara. Idan kafin wannan, kayan legumes sun girma a shafin, to furen zai ci gaba da talauci.
- Kafin yin shuka, yana da kyau a takin kasar gona da takin gargajiya. A bu mai kyau don haɓaka acidity na ƙasa kuma ya sa shi ƙima.
- Dole makircin a bude yake. Matsakaicin kusancin bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi shine 1.5 m.
- Dasa kayan (tsaba) ya fi kyau kwanciya tun daga faduwar, kusan a watan Nuwamba. Sannan fure zai faru da wuri.
- Dangane da ka'idodi don shuka hectare 1 na ƙasa ya bar 3 kilogiram na tsaba. Kuna iya ɗaukar kilogiram na 2 na dasa kayan shuka, sannan samfurori za su zama mafi girma kuma lokacin fure zai daɗe.
Noma al'adu
- Kuna iya sanya tsaba a cikin rijiyoyin. An sanya kusan tsaba 4 a cikin kowane hutu. Nisa tsakanin su ya zama akalla 20 cm.
- Kuna iya shuka a cikin tsagi. Jere jeri ya zama 40 - 45 cm.
- Don haka cewa seedlings su bayyana a kan lokaci, kuma tsaba ba su daskare a cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar yayyafa ramuka tare da ƙasa, Layer wanda zai zama akalla 4 cm.
- M lokacin farin ciki harbe bukatar a thinned fitar domin bushes girma da karfi da kuma Bloom daidai.
- Bayan kowace shayarwa, ya zama dole don sassauta ƙasa saboda ƙasa ba ta yi fure ba kuma ta wuce danshi da kyau.
Esudan zuma suna sanya zuma daga ƙwayoyin lupine.
Idan kun cika duk yanayin ingancin shuka da kulawa, da dasa shuki zaiyi farin ciki da bayyanar sa, ga ƙudan zuma kuma zasu sami isasshen pollen da ƙasan fure daga furanni. Bugu da ƙari, ingantaccen dasa zai taimaka wajen haɓaka kyawawan bushes tare da kyawawan furanni.
Ba yawancin masu kiwon kudan zuma sun gane cewa lupine na iya zama shuka zuma. Furen ba ya kawo nectar mai yawa, amma isasshen pollen ga ƙudan zuma. Amma varietiesan nau'ikan kawai ana la'akari da su kamar haka - wato 3. Bugu da ƙari, shuka shima yana jan hankalinsa tare da bayyanarsa mai ban sha'awa, ƙanshin mai daɗi. Containingan zuma da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin lupine ana ɗaukar su magani kuma suna da amfani sosai.
