Plantsaya daga cikin mafi kyawun tsire-tsire don wuri a kan wani yanki a Tsakiyar Rasha shine rhododendron daursky. Wannan tsiro na zamani wanda bashi da tushe zai faranta maka rai tare da sabon furanni da ƙanshi mai daɗi shekaru da yawa.
Bayanin halittu
Rhododendron Daurian (a cikin Latin Rhododendron Dauricu) yana girma a Asiya da gabashin tsaunin Altai. Yankunan da aka rarraba sun haɗa da Transbaikalia, gabashin Siberiya, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Sakhalin, Koriya, Japan, Manchuria da Northeast China, inda take girma a matsayin tsintsiya madaurinki da kuma babban itace.
Rhododendron daji a Buryatia
Itace shishshigi ne, wanda ya kunshi harbe 20-50, sanduna, samun launi mai duhu. Matasa harbe suna na bakin ciki da na roba, to, gaba daya sun zama woody. Tsawon tsirrai ya tashi daga 1.5-2 m, tsinkayen rayuwa ya kai shekaru 50.
Far Eastern rhododendron (sunan yana nuna babban yanki a yanki) sananne ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a farkon furanni sun bayyana akansa: a kan firan harbe daga ɗaya zuwa ukun, yawancin ruwan hoda, lilac da lilac, wasu lokuta fararen fata. Kuma kawai bayan da suka fito daga fure - daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Yuni - tsire-tsire yana samar da ganyayyaki masu matsakaici daga 1 zuwa 4 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa m cm a siffar tare da zagaye a ƙarshen. Launinsu ya bambanta da gefen ganyen: ɓangare na sama shine duhu kore kuma mai santsi, ɓangaren ƙananan shine paler tare da tsarin scaly.
Don bayani! Kusan dukkanin ganye suna faɗuwa don hunturu, curling sama tare da bambaro.
Sakamakon fure, an kafa akwatin 'ya'yan itace. Tushen tsarin bishiya yana da fadi da kuma na zahiri; a cikin daji, ya fi son ninkawa daga tushen, lokaci-lokaci ta hanyar tsaba.
Abubuwan sunadarai na rhododendron
Itatuwanta mai guba ne sosai, ƙanshin furanninta na iya haifar da tashin zuciya da ciwon kai tare da tsawan inhalation, zuma daga fure itaciya na iya haifar da abubuwan ɗimbin yawa, ganyayyaki kuma sun ƙunshi andromedotoxin, wani abu mai tasirin narcotic, wanda da farko yana iya tayar da jijiyoyi sannan kuma ya kange shi sosai, takaici aikin zuciya. Rhododendron shima ya ƙunshi babban adadin mahimmancin mai, duka a cikin ganye da furanni.
Kula! Wannan inji, duk da yawan gubarsa, magani ne. Rhododendron da Rosemary sune tsire-tsire iri ɗaya, kuma kusan kowa ya ji game da kaddarorin na biyu.
Kyawawan furanni - fa'idodi da haɗari
Dukiya mai amfani
A cikin adadin matsakaici kuma kamar yadda likita ya umarta, shirye-shiryen rhododendron suna da waɗannan kaddarorin:
- kwayoyin cuta;
- antipyretic;
- painkillers;
- nutsuwa;
- majalissar gargajiyar.
Wannan ya sake tabbatar da cewa duk abu mai kyau cikin matsakaici, har ma da gubobi suna da kaddarorin warkarwa. Tare da taimakon wannan shuka rabu da ƙarancin numfashi da kumburi, yana haɓaka aikin zuciya, yana rage hawan jini.
Ana amfani da ganyen Rhododendron wajen maganin cututtukan rheumatism, amai, colitis da amai, da kuma mashako na jiki da wasu cututtuka. Tea daga ganyen shuka zai iya rage ciwon kai da ciwon makogwaro, haka nan kuma rage tari da maniyyi.
Abubuwan hana rigakafi don amfani da shirye-shirye daga Ledum sune cututtukan zuciya, ciki, lactation, aikin nakasa mai lalacewa.
Tsarin iri
'Yan lambu da ke son shuka irin wannan tsiron daga zuriya suna fuskantar tsari mai wahala, yana buƙatar kulawa da taka tsantsan. Zai fi kyau farawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris. Yana da Dole a shirya kasar gona - peat-sand cakuda a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1, wanda yana buƙatar farkon kamuwa da cuta. Ana zuba ƙasa a cikin tanki ba tare da tamping ko moistening ba. A saman zuba tsaba daga Rosemary.
Mahimmanci! Abubuwan ƙanana suna da ƙanana sosai, saboda haka za'a iya haɗa su da yashi, babban abin magana shine cewa an kiyaye nesa tsakanin tsaba a tsakanin 1-1.5 cm.
Ana yin ruwa ta hanyar kwanon rufi har sai an share ƙasa gaba ɗaya, an cire danshi mai yawa. An rufe Shuka tare da fim ko gilashi. Farkon harbe ya bayyana bayan makonni 3 a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Bayan fitowar, an cire fim ɗin, kuma ana tura tsire-tsire zuwa ɗaki mai zafin jiki na 8-12 ° C. Ana ba da harbe-harbe tare da ingantaccen haske, amma guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye. Dole ne a tabbatar da cewa substrate yana da rigar koyaushe. Don haka ya kamata a hankali kumbura da tsire-tsire zuwa iska mai kyau.
Matasa na rhododendrons sun nutse a watan Yuni, dasa shuki a cikin manyan kwalaye tare da nisan 1.5 cm. Tsarin tsirrai a waje a lokacin rani ana maraba da su. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi na farko, an kawo ƙaramin fure Rosemary cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na 8-18 ° C, kuma yana da mahimmanci a samar musu da hasken rana na 12-awa a duk lokacin hunturu.
A ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris, ana sake dasa tsire-tsire a cikin nisa daga 3-4 cm daga juna. Shouldasa ta zama mai daɗin danshi koyaushe, amma a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwar rhododendrons sai su fara yin ma'adinan. A lokacin rani ya kamata a sake tura su zuwa gonar.
A shekara ta uku, ana dasa shuki a cikin gadaje da aka shirya a cikin ƙasa, ba a manta da shayarwa da kayan miya, kuma ana tura su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa ne kawai na shekaru 4-5.
Cutsi na Rosemary
Farfagandar ta yanke
Ba kamar hanyar girma daga tsaba ba, yaduwar tsiro ta hanyar itace itace mafi sauƙin tsari kuma tana da ƙarancin amfani da kuzari. Yankan an shirya kawai a farkon rabin bazara. An zaɓi Semi-lignified da ƙarfi harbe kuma a cikin kwana na 45 ° sun yanke apical ɓangare na aƙalla 10 cm kuma ba fiye da 15 cm a tsawon. A m ganye an cire kuma soaked cuttings a cikin wani girma stimulator.
Sa'an nan kuma an sanya ƙwayar a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya a wani kusurwa na 30 °, zurfafa shi kuma matsi shi tare da ƙasa. Sannan aiwatar da shayarwa da rufe daga sama tare da hula daga fim ko wasu hanyoyin inganta.
Mahimmanci! Tsarin tsari bai kamata ya kasance tare da shi ba.
Don tushen nasara, ya zama dole don kula da zazzabi na 25-30 ° C kuma ƙara sa'o'in hasken rana zuwa awa 14-16. Bayan watanni uku, ya kamata Tushen ya bayyana.
Matasan rhododendrons daga yankuna ana shuka su na shekara guda ko biyu a cikin kwalaye, lura da shayarwa, kayan miya da kuma yanayin zafin jiki, kamar yadda ake batun tsiro daga zuriya, sannan kuma an dasa shi a mazaunin zama na dindindin.
Tushen Tushen
Hakanan ana iya yada Rhododendron, ko Rosemary, ta hanyar farashi. Ana aiwatar da wannan hanyar a bazara. A daji, an zaɓi harbe mafi kusa ga ƙasa, ba fiye da 5 inji mai kwakwalwa ba. daga wani daji. A wurin da ake hulɗa da ƙasa, ana yin sashin layi mai tsawo a kan reshe, ana saka mai narkewa a ciki don kada ya rufe.
Na gaba, yi rami game da 15 da 15 cm a girman, wanda aka daidaita ƙaddara tare da ƙanana. An rufe ramin da ƙasa na acidic kuma mulched da peat, sauran ɗaurin harbi an ɗaure don haka ya zama sama. Ya rage kawai don kula da danshi na ƙasa kuma kada yayi rush. Tuni shekara mai zuwa, inji zai kasance a shirye don bayar da sabon harbe.
Raba Bush
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar lokacin dasa bishiyoyi: yana da hankali sosai (Tushen suna da rauni da bakin ciki) don rarrabe daji zuwa sassa da yawa, yana kiyaye tushen tushe. Actionsarin ayyuka za su kasance iri ɗaya ne da na sauran al'amuran.
A cikin yanayin halitta, rhododendrons suna kiyaye nesa da juna.
Shrub dasa
Dasa kuma kula da Daurian rhododendron yana buƙatar zaɓin wuri mai kyau da kuma daidaito, amma gaba ɗaya ana iya kiran tsire-tsire marasa fasali.
Zaɓin wurin da kuma shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Dole ne a zaɓi wurin musamman a hankali, tun da shuka za ta iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 50 kuma ba ta da goyon baya ga yawancin jigilar kayayyaki. Sabili da haka, ingantaccen wurin zai zama yanki mai haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba, ana kiyaye shi daga iska. Ya dace a gefen arewa na rukunin yanar gizon ko makwabta tare da conifers. Yana da kyau a zaɓi ɗakin kwana inda turɓaya da tara ƙasa ko wani ruwa baya faruwa. Soilasa kada ta kasance mai nauyi ko mai yawa, daidaitaccen ma'aunin acid-tushe shine daga 4.5 zuwa 5.
Mahimmanci! An fi yin sauyawa a farkon bazara.
Ramin shiri
Wajibi ne a ƙara taki ma'adinai a ƙasa, sannan kuma shirya ramuka: faɗin su da zurfin su ya zama cm 60-70. Nisa tsakanin bushes ɗin ya bambanta daga nau'in shuka kuma yana iya kasancewa daga 70 cm zuwa m 2. Lokacin dasawa, yana da muhimmanci a kula da tushen wuyan, shi ya kamata ya kasance saman farfaɗim na santimita.
Bayan dasa, ana shayar da shuka kuma an mulched tare da needle na Pine ko peat.
Kyawun Ledum shine mafi kyawun sakamako ga duk masu aiki
Kulawa
A farkon lokacin bazara da kuma bayan an gama furanni, ana amfani da takin mai magani, kasar ba ta kwance zurfi, dole ne a cire ciyawa. Tare da alamun rashin danshi, shayarwa wajibi ne, kuma yana da kyau a kula da yawan ciyawa duk shekara. A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki, Rummary ba a yarda ya yi fure ba, wannan ba ku damar shuka shuka mai ƙarfi da haɓaka.
Mahimmanci! Ana yin datti ne a farkon lokacin bazara ko bayan fure kuma ana aiwatar da shi ta bin ka'idodi na yau da kullun.
Idan ana lura da rhododendron daidai, to, ba shi da haɗari sosai ga cututtuka. Koyaya, a farkon alamar, mafi kyawun mafita shine cire duk harbe-harben da aka shafa da ƙone su, da aiwatar da daji dangane da bayyanar matsalolin.
Ledum yana da sanyi sosai-yana jure sanyi har zuwa −45 ° С. Ana yin lissafin kuzarin na tsari na tushen sa na hunturu bisa yanayin yanayin zafi na yankin girma, kodayake, in ya zama dole, ana amfani da hanyoyin daidaituwa, gwargwadon fasahar aikin gona, tare da babban earthenware a gindin tushen, ganyayyaki da rassan tsiro. Ana iya yin harbi a ƙasa.
Daurian rhododendron kyakkyawan furanni ne da ke da furanni masu kyau. Al'adar tana da kaddarorin amfani kuma tana warkar da cututtuka da yawa. Ana iya dasa shi a cikin tsiri a arewacin Rasha, saboda yana sauƙaƙe sanyi, amma yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
