Rhododendron Nova Zembla yana daya daga cikin shahararrun ciyawar furanni a tsakanin masu zanen fili. Duk wani lambu wanda aka kirkira lambun fure tare da wannan tsiron ya fara wasa da launuka masu haske. Wani ƙari na wannan nau'in rhododendron na musamman shine hardiness hunturu, wanda yasa shi kyakkyawan zaɓi don yankuna masu sanyi.
Tarihin Tsarin Lambun Rhododendron
Sunan "rhododendron" ya fito daga yaren Girka kuma yana nufin "rosewood." Binciken da kuma kiwo da wasu nau'ikan rhododendrons sun fara ne a karni na XVII. a Ingila, amma wadannan tsirrai sun zama ruwan dare a Turai karni biyu baya. Daga cikin masana kimiyyar da ke da hannu a cikin binciken bishiyar Rosewood, D. Hooker, J. Forest an rarrabe su.
Rhododendron Nova Zembla
E. Regel ya gabatar da rhododendrons cikin Russia kafin juyin-juya hali. Amma sanannan shahararsu ta zo ne a cikin 'yan lokutan nan. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa masu noman fure na Rasha ba da daɗewa ba sun fara zurfin bincike da ƙirƙirar yanayi don nasarar aikin wannan nau'in.
Don bayani! A Japan, ana kiran wannan shuka "bishiyar jaraba", saboda wasu nau'ikan nata suna ɓoye wani abu na musamman - andromedotoxin. Da yake jin ƙanshin wannan fure, sai mutum ya fara ɗan ɗanɗano maye.
Bayanin Shuka
Wannan shuka, mallakar dangin Heather ne, yana da nau'ikan halittu sama da 600 daban daban. Daga cikinsu zaka iya samun katako mai ban tsoro, bishiyoyi da ciyayi, bishiyoyi dwarf. Kowane nau'in yana da kyawawan fure.
Rhododendron Nova Zembla itace tsintsiya madaurinki daya. Bayani daban-daban:
- tsayin dabbar da ya girma yana daga 1.5 zuwa 2.5 m;
- ganye na elliptical na duhu koren launi mai santsi mai laushi mai laushi;
- yana da tushen daskararre, babban akwati mai ƙarfi tare da rassa masu yaduwa;
- a kowace inflorescence na maras nauyi, har zuwa furanni 15-17 na shuɗi mai haske ko launin shuɗi mai launi, a cikin ɓangaren ciki ganyayyun sun yi duhu. Furanni basa fitar da kamshi;
- lokacin fure na inflorescences shine farkon Mayu da Yuni.
Haɗe furanni masu launin shuɗi na wannan nau'in suna haɗe tare da ganyen emerald.
Ma'aikacin Dutch kuma A. Costner shi ma ya shiga cikin kiwo rhododendrons. An samo nau'in matasan Nova Zembla ta hanyar ƙetare nau'ikan Parsons Grandiflorum kuma ɗayan bishiyoyin Katevba.
Mene ne bambanci daga sauran nau'in halittu
A peculiarity wannan iri-iri ne cewa yana girma cikin sauri. A cikin hunturu, waɗanda harbe da dusar ƙanƙara ke tsira, kuma matattararsu na mutu daga dusar ƙanƙara. Saboda wannan, bushes a cikin tsakiyar latitude ba ya girma da tsayi, amma yana girma cikin faɗi.
Kula! Yawancin Nova Zembla yana tsayayya da sanyi zuwa −30 ° C, furanni sun fara mutuwa a −26 ° C kawai. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, ɗan itacen zai iya yin tazara akai-akai domin kakar a farkon kaka.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Wannan bishiyar Heather tana da kambin sarauta mai kyau. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a dasa rhododendron inda akwai wurare masu yawa kyauta.
Wannan nau'ikan zai yi kyau sosai a bangon ginin don cike sararin samaniya mai cike da haske, wadda aka cika ta da wani kandami ko kusa da wata giza. A cikin manyan lambuna, ana dasa shuki masu haske launin shuɗi tare da hanyoyi, suna haɗa Nova Zembla da furanni waɗanda suke buɗe a wani lokaci.
Laaƙƙarfan shimfiɗar ƙaya na iya zama koma baya ga rhododendron.
Kuna iya haɗaka rhododendrons tare da conifers, wanda zai iya dacewa ba kawai a waje tare da waɗannan bushes mai haske ba, amma kuma ya ba su inuwa mai mahimmanci.
Buƙatun ƙasa don Nova Zembla Rhododendron
Soilasa don wannan nau'in rhododendron ya kamata ya zama haske, mai ruwa sosai kuma isasshen acidic. Don yin cakuda da kanka, kuna buƙatar ɗauka:
- 3 sassa na sheet ƙasa;
- 2 sassan peat;
- 1 bangare na zuriyar dabbobi.
A cikin kowane rami saukowa, kuna buƙatar ƙara 50-100 g na ma'adinan ma'adinai mai rikitarwa.
Don bayani! Don haɓaka acidity na ƙasa, zaku iya tsarma cokali biyu na ruwan citric acid a cikin guga na ruwa, sannan ku zuba maganin a wurin shuka.
Saukowa daga waje
Yankin rhododendron ya kamata ya kasance a kwantar da hankula kuma ya sami inuwa. Wurin da ya wuce arewacin bango na gidan ya zama cikakke, inda babu haske da yawa kamar yadda sauran amfanin gona yake buƙata.
Rhododendron Nova Zembla an shuka shi mafi kyau a cikin bazara kafin lokacin furanni ya fara. A wannan yanayin, zaku miƙa hadaya da furanni na farko akan seedling don ba shi damar barin ruwan juji na rayuwa ba girma.
Tsarin Wuta
- An haƙa rami kusan 50 cm zurfi kuma ba ƙasa da 70 cm fadi.
- An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan shi (haushi, ɓarke, bulo da sauransu,).
- Ya danganta da girman tsirar tsiro, nisan da ke tsakanin ramin shuki ya kamata ya zama 70-200 cm.
- Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ramuka, an yayyafa shi da ƙasa.
- Soilasan da ke kewaye da isan itacen an mulched da peat ko Layer coniferous na 5-10 cm.
Mulching kasar gona zai taimaka wajen kula da danshi a ciki, hana ciyawa girma daga kewayen seedling, da rage zurfin daskarewa kasar gona a cikin lokacin sanyi.
Mahimmanci! Gardenerswararrun lambu da ke jayayya cewa yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar yanayin da ya dace don dasa rhododendron. Yanayin hadari mai yawa na tsawon kwanaki ba tare da ruwan sama ba da iska zai zama da kyau.
Rabin nasarar rhododendron namo ya dogara da kyakkyawan wuri
Tsohuwar Tsohuwar Shigar Kula
Kula da rhododendron na Nova Zembla cultivar ta ƙunshi sanyaya ƙasa a kai a kai lokacin shuka, ƙawance ciyawar, da kuma sanya takin. Sau 2-3 a mako, yakamata a shayar da itace, kimanin lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata ya tafi kowane daji. Matte launi na ganye, bayyanar duhu aibobi a kansu yana nuna isasshen ƙasa danshi. Kyakkyawan bayani zai zama don amfani da atare da atomatik.
Don hunturu, yana da kyau a rufe ƙananan bishiyoyi tare da lapnik, kuma ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsu tare da burlap. Za a buƙaci dumama don shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki, har sai da ƙarshe ya sami tushe a cikin sabon wuri a cikin yanayin sanyi.
Don bayani! Don namo a yankuna na arewacin, nau'in rhododendrons na kiwo na Finnish suna da kyau kwarai.
Ciyar da shuki
Tashin hankali ko hadaddun ma'adinai masu dacewa sun dace da takin mai magani, ya kamata a shafa su sau 2-3 a cikin watanni bazara. Don taimakawa rhododendron cikin dawowa bayan fure, kuna buƙatar yin takin phosphorus-potassium.
Wannan nau'in rhododendron baya buƙatar ƙirƙirar kambi, tun da inflorescences ya samar da tsattsauran ra'ayi. Kuna iya yanke waɗancan rassan waɗanda ba su yi kama da kyau a cikin zane-zanen filin ba ko tsoma baki tare da nassi ba. Bayan hunturu, ya zama dole don yanke rassan matattu.
Kula! Fure mai fure a cikin rhododendrons yana faruwa a cikin shekara guda. Don inganta halin da ake ciki, furanni iri-iri suna buƙatar yanka a cikin lokaci, suna ba da ƙarfi ga shuka don samar da sababbi.
A daji ba tare da furanni wilted zai kama da kyau sosai
Cutar da kwari
Mafi sau da yawa, matasan rhododendrons suna lalata irin waɗannan kwari kamar kwari da kwari gizo-gizo. Na farko suna kan ciki na zanen gado, suna cizon su. Kuna iya kawar da kwayoyi na rhododendron tare da taimakon actar da phytoverms. Ana cutar da gizo-gizo gizo a hanya ta gargajiya, wato, ta hanyar aiki da mai zana.
Daga cikin cututtukan, wannan nau'in galibi yana shafar tsatsa da mosaic ganye. Kyakkyawan magani a kansu shine amana.
Rhododendrons ba shi da wuya a kula da shi kamar yadda ake tsammani da farko. Rabin nasarar ya ta'allaka ne da irin nau'in bunƙasa mai dacewa, rabi na biyu - a wuri mai kyau don saukowa. Bambancin Nova Zemba zai zama kyakkyawan kayan ado na lambun, har ma a yanayin yanayin sanyi.
