Tsakanin 'yan lambu, wani tsiro mai ado da ake kira zinnia (zinnia) ya shahara sosai. Tsoffin Aztecs sun fara fure furen. Wurin haifuwa na zinnia yana kudancin Mexico. Ana amfani da furen fure a Rasha don yin ado na lambun da kuma yankuna kusa da su.
Zinnia: Irin Shuka
Dukkanin perenni da zinen shekara ana iya yaduwa ta hanyar samarwa.
Zinya m
Ta yaya kuma lokacin tattara tsaba
Dole ne a tattara tsaba daga dasa furanni daga furanni waɗanda ke da launi mai haske da kuma madaidaiciyar siffar. Zai fi kyau pre-zaɓi samfurori waɗanda suke faranta wa ido rai musamman a lokacin fure. An bada shawara don ɗaukar kayan ƙwayoyi ne kawai daga waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da lokacin farin ciki da kuma ingantaccen shugaban. Zai fi kyau kada ku ɗauki kayan iri daga tsirrai masu tsinkaye, tunda zai kasance mai inganci.
Don bayani! Zinnia tsaba suna buƙatar tattara watanni biyu bayan farkon fure. Daga wannan lokacin, ana ganin su balaga ne.
Yadda ake tattara tsaba
Wajibi ne a tattara tsaba a cikin bushewa da yanayin rana. Idan ya yi ruwan sama kafin lokacin girbi da ake tsammani, to ya kamata ku jira har sai kututtukan sun bushe gaba ɗaya, a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 3-4. Idan bazara ta yi ruwa, kwararrun 'yan lambu a cikin irin wannan yanayi suna yanke furannin rigar da bushe su a gida. In ba haka ba, da tsaba na iya rasa germination saboda Rotting.
Kafin ka fara tattara tsaba, kana buƙatar shirya akwataccen bushe, takarda ko jakuna na auduga. Bayan haka, ana yin tarin abubuwa a jerin masu zuwa:
- Na farko, an ƙaddara mafi dacewa da bushe furanni. Gaskiyar cewa suna shirye don tara tsaba an tabbatar da shi ta launi mai duhu na shugaban da tushe mai launin shuɗi. Kyakkyawan buroshi yakamata yayi kama da tsakiyar fure.
- Tare da yatsunsu kuna buƙatar cire cire tsakiyar daga fure kuma sanya shi a cikin akwati.
- Da zaran an fitar da tsakiyar daga furanni duka, ya kamata a girgiza tsaba a hankali a kansu daga takarda, sannan a zubo su.
Bayan an tsara tsaba, kuna buƙatar ware su kuma shirya su a cikin akwati, jaka, ambulan kwalliya, gwargwadon yadda kuka zaɓi.
Kula! An haramta tsananin ajiye tsaba a cikin jakunkuna na filastik, saboda wannan yana barazanar jujjuya su, a sakamakon abin da ya zama bai dace da dasa ba.
Zinnia tsaba
Zabin iri da lokacin shuka
Lokacin tattara tsaba, kwararrun lambu nan da nan ware su cikin rukuni dangane da siffar su da girman su. An adana su a cikin jaka na numfashi ko fakiti, a wuraren da aka kiyaye su daga haske da yanayin sanyi. Idan an yi komai daidai lokacin tarin tsaba, to sai sun riƙe germin har tsawon shekaru 3-4. Don tabbatar da ingancin tsaba kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a tsabtace su. Babu matsaloli a zabar tsaba.
An ƙayyade kwanakin dasa shuki gwargwadon hanyar dasa da yanayin yanayin yankin. A cikin yankunan kudanci na zinnia, an shuka shi nan da nan a cikin ƙasa a farkon bazara. A duk sauran yankuna, lokaci mafi kyau da aka shuka don shuka iri don shuka ana daukar su a tsakiyar watan Afrilu.
Ana shirya tsaba don dasa shuki
Lokacin dasa shuki fure kamar zinnia, girma daga tsire-tsire ana ɗauka mafi kyawun zaɓi a duk yankuna na Rasha banda na Kudu. Seedlings za a iya girma duka a gida da kuma a cikin greenhouses ko greenhouses.
Kafin yin shuka, tsaba da aka tattara daga tsire-tsire, ana ba da shawarar ku da kanku a cikin takamaiman maganin maganin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar potassium ko phytosporin. Irin waɗannan al'amuran zasu taimaka wajen lalata ganimar fungi. Idan an sayi tsaba a cikin shagon, to, ba sa buƙatar shiri na farko.
Shuka tsaba a cikin bazara kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa
Da zarar an kafa yanayi a yankin, ana shuka zinnia a cikin ƙasa. A yankuna inda winters ba sanyi sosai, ana iya shuka tsaba kafin hunturu, saboda basa tsoron ƙananan yanayin zafi. A cikin bazara, an shuka furanni daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa ƙarshen Mayu. A Siberiya da Urals, ya fi kyau a shuka har a ƙarshen lokaci.
Tsarin dokoki game da shuki
Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa kuma ana shayar da su sosai. Idan germin ya yi yawa sosai, to dole ne a fitar da shi. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin jigilar furen ba, tunda yana da tushen tushen rauni sosai. Irin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru suna rage jinkirin ci gaba.
Ana bada shawarar shuka iri a cikin ƙasa wanda ba zurfi sama da 1-2 cm ba. Azara tsakanin layuka ya kamata ya zama tsakanin 30 da 40 cm.
Yadda ake shuka zinaniyar a gida
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, dasa shuki da zineniyan don shuka bai kamata ya kasance sama da tsakiyar Afrilu ba. Idan ka yi wannan a baya, to, amfanin sa na shuka zai kasance mai rauni ne, kuma zai zama da matsala don sauya su.
Kula! Kafin farawa a kan shuka, gogaggen lambu ya ba da shawarar kallon kalanda watan, kuma a cewarta, yanke shawara akan kwanan wata da ya dace.
Shuka tsaba don shuka
Lokacin dasa shuki tsaba don seedlings, ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa furanni ba sa son ɗaukar hoto, don haka ya fi kyau shuka su kai tsaye a cikin kwantena mutum. Dole ne a sanye su da ramuka magudanar ruwa.
Matsayi mai mahimmanci yayin dasa shine shiri na cakuda ƙasa, wanda za'ayi kafin shuka iri. A kasar gona ya zama haske, mai gina jiki, permeable da sako-sako.
Hanyar seedling ana ɗauka mafi yawan lokaci-lokaci kuma tana ƙunshe da matakai-mataki-mataki:
- An shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye kuma ana kiyaye su a zazzabi na 18 ° C zuwa 20 ° C. Idan duk yanayin ya cika, tohon ya bayyana bayan kamar kwana biyar.
- A duk cikin girma, dole ne a kiyaye seedlingsan itacen daga hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma matsakaicin shayarwa.
- Lokacin da seedlings na zinnia a gida suna ba da ganye na farko, dole ne a daskare shi.
- Tun da rabin na biyu na Mayu, ana girma seedlings a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
Shuka shuka
Pickling seedlings da kuma kula da matasa zinnias
Da zaran wasu ganye na gaskiya da yawa suka bayyana akan shukokin, an bada shawarar a dasa su nan da nan cikin kwantena daban. Lokacin ɗaukar hoto, ya kamata ku yi hankali sosai game da tsire-tsire, tunda yana da matukar muhimmanci don hana lalacewar tushen.
Wannan yiwuwar za a iya kawar dashi ta hanyar ciyar da fure da yawa kuma ya bar shi awanni da yawa. Bayan wannan, kowane tsiro za a iya motsa shi da yardar kaina.
Kula! A cikin kowane akwati mutum ya kamata a sanya ba fiye da uku bushes.
Domin zinnia ta bunkasa sosai, tana buƙatar samar da ingantaccen matakin haske da danshi.
Seedling hardening
Matsayi mai mahimmanci shine hardening na seedlings, wanda ya kamata ya fara a farkon Mayu. Don yin wannan, dole ne a dauki shuka a waje akan ranakun kwana da dumin. Da farko, lokacin zama yana da iyaka na minti 30, sannan a hankali ana ƙaruwa da shi.
Me yasa aka jawo seedlings
Lokacin girma zinnia daga tsaba a gida, zaku iya haɗuwa da gaskiyar cewa seedlings fara farawa. Wannan na faruwa ne sabili da rashin yarda da yanayin girma. Don tsokane irin wannan sakamako na iya zama da wuri dasa na tsaba, babban zazzabi a wurin da seedlings, da ma lokacin farin ciki shuka.
Don kada seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings su shimfiɗa, ya kamata ku samar da shi da ƙarin haske tare da phytolamps na musamman, tsarin iska da kuma kula da yawan zafin jiki.
'Ya'yan Zinnia suka shimfida
Dasa zinnia
Kafin dasa shuki da zin zin a gida, lambu suna shawarar soya shi a cikin rigar. Irin wannan shawarar zata taimaka wajen sanin tsirarwar tsaba. Shuka ne da za'ayi da zaran lokacin bazara frosts ƙare.
Yaushe dasa zaknias a cikin ƙasa
Dayawa daga cikin lambu farawa suna nuna damuwa game da tambayar yaushe zaka iya dasa zinnias a bude. Amsar ita ce mai sauqi qwarai: zaku iya dasa fure da zaran hatsarin dawowar sanyi ya shuxe. Wannan yakan faru ne a tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Dasa zinnia a cikin ƙasa buɗe
Don girma fure mai kyau, ya zama dole don samar masa yanayi mai gamsarwa. Wurin da aka shirya don bunkasa zinnia yakamata ya haskaka sosai, kuma yana da kariya daga acidity na ƙasa da kuma zayyana.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa kuma ya ci gaba da shuka shi, ya wajaba don aiwatar da matakan shirye-shiryen: shafin yana buƙatar tsabtace ciyawar. Don yin wannan, tono ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 45 cm, ƙasa kuma tana buƙatar haɗuwa. Idan an yi komai daidai, to zinare zata yi fure a farkon watan Yuni.
Saboda haka, matsaloli tare da narkar da waɗannan furanni kada su taso har ma da mai kula da lambun novice. Babban abu shine shuka iri akan shukar a cikin lokaci, sannan a ɗauke su a hankali. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci kar a bata lokaci mai kyau don dasa shuki a cikin fili. Hakan ne kawai zai iya gamsar da furannin ta a duk lokacin bazara.
