Hydrangea a Siberiya - dasa shuki da kulawa a buɗe ƙasa

Hydrangea tsire-tsire ne mai tsananin zafi, saboda haka yana iya zama da wahala a shuka shi cikin mawuyacin yanayin Siberiya. Hydrangea a Siberiya, dasa shuki da kulawa da shi a cikin ƙasa yana buƙatar babbar sha'awa da kuma wasu dabarun aikin gona. Mafi yawan lokuta, masu girbin furanni sun fi son ganin ta a matsayin shukar gida, amma wasu suna yin kwalliyar gonar su da wannan fure. Zai iya zama da wahala, amma sakamakon ya cancanci ƙoƙari.

Asalin da kuma bayyanar da shuka

Akwai ra'ayi cewa furen ya sami sunan ta godiya ga likitan Faransa kuma masanin ilimin halitta F. Commerson a cikin karni na XVIII. An yi imanin cewa ya ga shukar a yayin tafiyarsa zuwa Japan. Ya yi farin ciki da daskararren shukar dajin da ya saba da shi, wanda babu wani daga cikin Jafananci da ya sani. Sannan likita ya yanke shawara kuma ya kira shi hydrangea don girmamawa ga ƙaunatacciyar mace.

Garden hydrangea inflorescence

Akwai wani juzu'i na asalin sunan furen, wanda a ciki ya karɓi sunansa saboda girmamawa ga Gimbiya Hortense. Ita ce 'yar'uwar ɗaya daga cikin membobin ƙungiyar balaguron Faransa a duniya, wanda aka yi wa ƙarshen karni na XVIII. Wakilan wannan balaguron ɗin sun gano wata shuka a Indiya kuma sun kawo ta daga tsibirin na Mauritius.

Daga Japan zuwa Turai, tsire-tsire ya samo asali ne kawai a cikin 1820. A cikin 1900, masu shayarwa sun fara nazarin shi kuma suna aiki akan samun sababbin nau'ikan. Zaɓuɓɓukan farko sun kasance masu tsananin zafin-ƙauna kuma sun girma ne kawai a gida. A yau, halittar Hydrangea ta haɗa da nau'ikan 90, waɗanda wadansunsu suna da irin wannan muhimmiyar dukiya kamar juriya ga yanayin yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan ire-iren waɗannan ne da suka dace da haɓakawa a cikin mawuyacin yanayin Siberian.

Lambun hydrangea shine daji na dogon lokacin hunturu na kyakkyawan kyakkyawa, wanda girmansa zai iya kai mita 2. A lokacin furanni, wanda ya kasance daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, an kafa manyan inflorescences akan daji, wanda ya kai 30 cm a diamita. Yawan inflorescences a kan girma shuka zai iya zama fiye da ɗari.

Bayanin Shuke-shuke

Alumlar hydrangea tana da sihiri kamar yadda take. Kowane ya ƙunshi furanni iri biyu: na farkon su ne ƙananan m, waɗanda ke a tsakiya, na biyu su ne manyan bakarare (bakararre) waɗanda ke gefen gefuna na inflorescence. A cikin wasu nau'in, furanni ne kawai ke wakilta.

Yawancin nau'ikan suna da furanni fentin na musamman da fararen fata, amma akwai kabeji a wasu launuka: cream, shuɗi, ja, Lilac da ruwan hoda.

'Ya'yan itacen furanni akwati ne da ke da dakuna 2-5 dauke da ƙananan tsaba.

Jinsuna da iri

A cikin duniyar zamani akwai nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan wannan shuka. Amma da nisa daga duk zaɓuɓɓuka sun dace da dasa, kulawa da yaduwar hydrangeas a Siberiya. Mafi sau da yawa ana shuka itace da nau'in ƙwayar cuta.

Itace kamar

Mafi yawanci ana samun itace a cikin Siberiya. Lambu suna yin irin wannan zaɓin ne saboda wannan nau'in na jure yanayin yanayi mai kyau, yana da sauƙi fiye da lokacin hunturu ga waɗansu zuwa hunturu, kuma tana jurewa da cututtukan da za su yiwu. Su ne unpretentious ga ƙasa.

Arboreal hydrangea Annabelle

Babban nau'ikan da suka dace da namo a Siberiya:

• Hydrangea Annabelle yana da manyan fararen fata. Yana farawa zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara (ƙarshen Yuni - farkon Yuli) kuma yana ƙare a farkon kaka. Height shine 120-150 cm, nisa - har zuwa santimita 350. Zai iya jure yanayin zafi cikin sauri har zuwa −28 ° C, amma a yankin tsakiyar Siberiya da yankuna na yamma yana da kyau a dasa shuki a cikin tukunya don hunturu kuma a sanya shi a cikin gindin ƙasa;

Tsarin itace mai ƙarfi Annabelle

• Mai ƙarfi Annabelle. Wannan nau'ikan yana da ban sha'awa a cikin asali na inflorescences. Sun yi kama da Dome ko hula. Furanni a farkon farkon lokacin fure su ne mint da furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara-fari, a ƙarshen lokacin da suke juya gaba ɗaya fari, kuma zuwa ƙarshen ƙarshen sun juya ƙaramin kore. Gashi ba su da tsayi, har zuwa 1.5 m ba ga tsayi kuma ya kai mita 1.3. Ganyen suna riƙe har zuwa farkon sanyi, ba tare da canza launi ba. Zai iya yin hunturu a −34 ° C;
• Ruhun Invincibelle. Hydwararren itace na hydrangea, wanda ya fi dacewa da Siberia, tunda zai iya jure dusar ƙanƙan ƙasa har zuwa −38 ° С. An gabatar da shi kwanan nan a cikin 2010 a Amurka. Da farko blooms ruwan hoda, sannu-sannu canza launi zuwa rasberi. Tana da fure mai tsayi: daga watan Yuni zuwa Satumba. Babban ga rassan. Tsawon sama har zuwa 1.3 m, nisa har zuwa 1.5 m.

Bishiyoyi Invincibelle Ruhun

Panicle

Har ila yau, tsoro na hydrangea ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a Siberiya. Itace mai matsakaici mai girman gaske tare da ganye mai siffa-fure. Furanni ƙananan, an tattara su a manyan goge tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi.

Dollar Azumi ta Dollar Hydrangea

Mafi kyawun kayan masara da ke dacewa da girma a Siberia sune:

• Dollar Azkar ta Hydrangea. Itace mai tsayi (tana iya kaiwa tsawon mita 3 a tsayi, amma bata girma sama da 2 m a Siberiya) tare da manyan furanni masu dusar kankara wadanda aka tattara cikin kyawawan launuka masu launuka, wanda a ƙarshen fure suka samu kwalliya mai haske. Varietyaƙwalwa marasa daidaituwa wanda zasu iya jure canje-canjen zafin jiki har zuwa −25 ° C;

Tsoron Hydrangea Medical Wuta

• Wutar Lafiya. Iri-iri sun fi dacewa da Siberiya, tunda tana da sanyi sosai. Pewarewarsa cikin kyawawan launuka na dabam. Canjin inuwa shine kamar haka: fari - ruwan hoda - ja mai haske. Tsawan yana kusan 2 m, nisa - har zuwa 1.5 m;
• Iyakance. Ya girma zuwa 1.8 m a tsawon kuma har zuwa 1.5 m nisa. Wannan shi ne karamin daidaituwa na hydrangea. Inflorescences na lemun tsami inuwa, wanda ya zama mai laushi Lilac a ƙarshen fure. A tsakiyar yankin Siber, wannan nau'in dole ne a rufe shi, tun da mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki wanda ba ya daskarewa −30 ° С.

Tsoron Hydrangea Limelight

Manyan ganye

Wani nau'in hydrangea da aka girma a Siberiya mai girma ne. Lambu suna kula da ita saboda rashin daidaituwa na zaɓin ƙasa da lokacin fure, wanda zai iya wuce daga ƙarshen watan Agusta zuwa farkon Nuwamba. Inflorescences na iya samun launuka iri-iri kuma a jiki suna kama da ƙafa mai fa'da. Rashin dacewar duk nau'ikan ita ce cewa a cikin hunturu ya fi kyau canja shi daga gonar zuwa ginin, tun da yake suna kasancewa ne kawai a yanayin zafi har zuwa −25 ° °.

Yaushe shuka hydrangea a bude ƙasa a cikin bazara a Siberiya

Mafi kyawun lokacin don siye da yaduwar hydrangea shine lokacin bazara. Koyaya, ga kowane yanki na Rasha, lokacin ya bambanta dan kadan dangane da yanayin yanayi. Hydrangea an shuka shi a cikin ƙasa a cikin Siber a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu.

Abin da kuke buƙata don saukowa

Muhimmin abu shine a tantance lokacin da za'a shuka hydrangea a fili a Siberiya. Wannan ya kamata ya zama lokacin da sanyi ya riga ya wuce, saboda matasa bushes su ne m kula gare su. Hakanan zaka iya tuntuɓi kalanda.

Don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da ya dace kuma shirya ƙasa. Ya kamata ya ƙunshi peat, humus da yashi (2: 1: 1). Zai dace a ƙara allura na Pine don bayar da isasshen acidity. Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar zaɓar zurfin rami da nisan da ke tsakaninsu. Don ƙananan seedlings, zurfin ya kamata 50 × 50 × 50 cm, don girma - 80 × 80 × 80 cm. Nisa tsakanin bushes ɗin yana da akalla 60 cm.

Zabi mafi kyawun wuri

A Siberiya, yana da mahimmanci musamman a ƙayyade wurin da ake da ɗan itacen hydrangea. Da farko dai, dole ne a kiyaye shuka daga iska. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau dasa shi tare da shinge ko rayayye, fure mai tasowa, shinge mafi girma na shrubs. Amma ga hasken rana, shuka ba ya yarda da haskoki kai tsaye. Da kyau, zai yi girma a cikin inuwa m. Kasar gona shima yana da mahimmanci. Bai kamata ya zama alkaline ba, dan kadan ko acid ya fi dacewa. Amincewa ga duk waɗannan yanayin, hydrangea zai faranta maigidansa da kyakkyawan haɓaka da fure mai fure.

Yadda ake shuka

Mataki-mataki-saukowa tsari:

1. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kafin dasa, dole ne a zubar da ramin a hankali.
2. Don seedling tare da bude tushen tsarin a kasan ramin, yi karamin tudun dafawa ya ƙunshi ƙasa mai ƙoshin peat.
3. Sanya seedling a tsakiyar ramin.
4. Yada Tushen saboda basa lanƙwasa.
5. Daidaita cika ramin tare da cakuda ƙasa mai kyau da peat acid (ba tare da zurfafa wuyan tushe ba, sama da 4 cm).
6. Tam da ƙasa a hankali.
7. Ruwa da shuka sosai.
8. Idan bayan wannan ƙasa tazauna, ƙara shi zuwa matakin farko.
9. A 5-7 cm, ciyawa wurin dasa tare da allura, peat acid ko ciyawa mai narkewa.

Kiwo

A Siberiya, kamar yadda yake a sauran yankuna na Rasha, yaduwar hydrangea yana faruwa ta hanyoyi biyu - ƙwaya da iri. Na farko ya fi dacewa, tunda haɓakawa da haɓaka za su gudana a mafi kyawun gudu, kuma wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma ba zafi Siberian zafi ba.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Yanke don sabon shuka an yanke su ne daga balagagge, bushes mai girma. Suna yanke daga lignified harbe na baya kakar. Idan ana tsammanin hanyar a lokacin rani, zaku iya ɗaukar kore. Abu na gaba shine tushen cikin ƙasa. Zaɓin da ya dace zai kasance shine dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse kafin a dasa. Idan babu, to, zaku iya dasa shi a cikin ƙasa a buɗe kuma ku rufe tare da fim, wanda dole ne a buɗe lokaci-lokaci don mintuna da yawa don samar da iska ga matasa shuka. Furanni na farko ya kamata ya bayyana akan shuka a cikin shekaru biyu.

Itace Hydrangea

Noma

Hanyar iri iri da ake amfani da hydrangea shine mafi ƙanƙantar da tasiri sosai kuma fiye da itace. Koyaya, ya kuma wanzu, kuma zaka iya amfani dashi a Siberiya. Lokacin zabar tsaba, kuna buƙatar kula da amincin su da rashin aibobi. Idan waɗannan tsaba ba na tarin kansu bane, to, tabbatar da tuntuɓi mai siyarwa. Bai kamata su zama masu sanyi ba, mai raɗaɗi ko kasala.

Hanya mafi sauki ita ce shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar substrate wanda ya ƙunshi peat, yashi, turɓaya, humus da ƙasa mai ganye. An zubar da cakuda da aka sanya a cikin akwati 15 cm saboda kusan 3-4 cm daga saman gefen ya ragu. Idan ba a shuka iri a baya ba, to kawai suna warwatse a ƙasa. Don mutanen da aka yi shuka suna yin ramuka 1 cm zurfi, inda ake shuka tsaba. Sannan ana shayar da ƙasa daga ruwa mai ruwa ko aka fesa daga kwalban fesawa kuma an rufe shi da fim ko gilashi. Isasa ta jike yayin da yake bushewa, kuma an buɗe akwatin don buɗe iska. Ana cire murfin lokacin da harbe-harbe na farko suka bayyana.

Haka kuma ana shuka iri a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa. Zai dace a yi wannan a tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da ƙanƙanin sanyi ya ƙare gaba ɗaya, ƙasa kuma ta yi zafi.

Kulawa a yanayin Siberian

The thermophilic hydrangea girma a Siberia yana buƙatar kulawa sosai musamman a hankali. Babban mahimmancin ruwa shine, sanya riguna na yau da kullun, kulawa da kyau da shiri don hunturu na Rasha.

Yanayin Watering

Hydrangea wata shuka ce da ke son danshi, amma ba ta yarda da wuce gona da iri ba. Ana gudanar da ruwa a yayin da saman ƙasa yake bushewa tare da ruwa mai taushi, ingantacce. Saboda danshi ba ya ƙafe da sauri, zaku iya sanya Layer ciyawa a gandun daji.

Manyan miya

A lokacin kakar, ana ciyar da sau hudu:

• taki a cikin bazara tare da bayani na taki ko nitroammofoski;
• nitroammophos miya a watan Yuni;
• lokacin da farkon buds ya bayyana, ana buƙatar ciyarwa tare da phosphorus da potassium;
• Kafin hunturu, ana buƙatar saka 5-8 kilogiram na takin da aka lalace a ƙarƙashin kowane daji.

Siffofin kulawa a lokacin furanni

A lokacin furanni, yana da mahimmanci kar a kyale ƙasa ta bushe, ta takin bushes cikin lokaci kuma don tabbatar da cewa shuka ba ta fama da cututtukan fata da cututtuka. Lokacin da suka bayyana, tabbatar cewa cire ɓangarorin da suka lalace kuma ku bi daɗaɗɗan daji.

Siffofin kulawa a hutawa

A lokacin dormancy, dole ne a yi girki a cikin bazara. Hydrangea ya yarda da kwantar da jini na Cardinal, wanda aka yi don ba daji yadda ake so. Amma kuna buƙatar rayar da shuka a shekara. Bayan hunturu, cire rassan bushe da furanni yana da mahimmanci. Don tsoffin tsire-tsire, ana iya yin pruning yanzunnan zuwa ƙananan kututture, saboda an sabunta daji gaba ɗaya don bayyanar matasa harbe kuma mafi fure mai ban sha'awa.

Shiri don hunturu na Siberian

Ya kamata a shirya Hydrangea tare da kulawa ta musamman don lokacin hunturu a Siberiya. Duk da gaskiyar cewa tsire-tsire sun girma akwai kyawawan tsayayya ga sanyi, ya kamata a guji daskarewa. In ba haka ba, a lokacin bazara babu furanni akan bushes, rassa da yawa zasu bushe, yana iya isa har hydrangea zai mutu gaba daya. Don shirya don hunturu kuna buƙatar:

• spud Tushen da misalin 30 cm, yayyafa peat ko takin a ƙarƙashinsu;
• lokacin da za'a lanƙwasa mai tushe, bai kamata a aza su a ƙasa ba, amma ya kamata a sanya wani abu a ƙarƙashin su. Zai iya zama spruce paws, kwali, allon. Dole ne a tsai da reshe don kauce wa tsayawarsu;
• Karku bar danshi ya shiga wurin mafaka;
• Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa tsohuwar hydrangea, shine yake tsayayya da shi shine sanyi.

Ana shirya hydrangea don hunturu a Siberiya

Hydrangea shine shuka wanda ya cancanci kulawa. Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a yankuna na tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Russia, amma 'yan Siberiya kada su hana kansu jin daɗin jin daɗin bayyanarsa mai ban mamaki. Idan kun bi duk ka'idodi don kulawar hydrangea, to zai yi farin ciki tare da dusar ƙanƙanun sa a duk lokacin bazara kuma zai iya jurewa har da tsananin sanyi.