Shuke-shuke

Itace bishiyoyi - yadda zaka rabu da tushen bishiyar

A kusan kowane yanki na kewayen birni akwai buƙatar kawar da bishiyar girma. Dalilin wannan na iya zama daban: itaciyar ta bushe ko ta lalace, ta haifar da inuwa mai yawa, hadarin rushewar layin wutar lantarki da makamantansu. Bugu da kari, mummunan ayyukan da ake faruwa a cikin tsire-tsire na bushewa na iya kaiwa ga makwabta ka kashe su. Idan tsagewar itace bata gabatar da wata matsala ba, to cire ragowar kututturen zai iya zama babban aiki.

Itace bishiyoyi

Idan har yanzu itacen zai iya samun ceto, to, zaku iya amfani da sabis na kwararru - masu arbor, waɗanda suke da yawa a manyan biranen, alal misali, a cikin Moscow da kuma yankin Moscow. Farashinsu ba mai sama-sama ba ne.

Shirya

Koyaya, idan an yanke shawara, lalata itacen ya kamata ya fara. Haɓaka bishiyoyi ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa, na farkon shine yanke babban akwati.

Yawancin bishiyoyi ke rayuwa

Alurar riga kafi daga bishiyoyi a cikin bazara, hanyoyin samar da 'ya'yan itace itatuwa na masu farawa

Ya danganta da nau'in halittar, tsawon rayuwar bishiyoyi na iya kasancewa daga dubun dubata zuwa dubun dubatar shekaru. Koyaya, tsari na haɓakarsu ba ya tsayawa, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a diamita na gangar jikin da girman tushen saiti. Hakanan yana tasiri da yanayin girma: abun da ke cikin ƙasa, hazo, halin muhalli.

Don bayani! Wato, iri ɗaya kuma iri ɗaya na iya isa ga dabi'u daban-daban a cikin birni da cikin gandun daji.

Teburin da ke ƙasa yana ba da bayani game da yawancin itaciya bishiyoyi, waɗanda suka fi yawa a Rasha. Ana ba da kyawawan dabi'u a cikin kyawawan halaye waɗanda zasu iya rayuwa da yawa.

DubawaMatsakaicin tsawo, mShekarun rayuwa, shekaru
Gidan plum6-1215-60
Grey alder15-20 (25)50-70 (150)
Aspenhar zuwa 3580-100 (150)
Mountain ash talakawa4-10 (15-20)80-100 (300)
Thuja yamma15-20sama da 100
Alder baki30 (35)100-150 (300)
Warty birch20-30 (35)150 (300)
Elm santsi25-30 (35)150 (300-400)
Balsam fir15-25150-200
Siberian firhar zuwa 30 (40)150-200
Na kowa Ash25-35 (40)150-200 (350)
Applean itacen apple10 (15)har zuwa 200
Pear gama garihar zuwa 20 (30)200 (300)
M Elm25-30 (40)har zuwa 300
Turawa30-35 (60)300-400 (500)
Pine na yau da kullun20-40 (45)300-400 (600)
-An ƙaramin tsintsiyahar zuwa 30 (40)300-400 (600)
Gidan kudan zuma25-30 (50)400-500
Itatuwan itacen al'ul na Siberianhar zuwa 35 (40)400-500
Kayan siliki30 (45)400-600
Turai larch30-40 (50)har zuwa 500
Siberian larchhar zuwa 45har zuwa 500 (900)
Juniper1-3 (12)500 (800-1000)
Lzhetsuga talakawahar zuwa 100har zuwa 700
Turakin itacen al'ul na Turaihar zuwa 25har zuwa 1000
Yew Berryhar zuwa 15 (20)1000 (2000-4000)
Turanci itacen oak30-40 (50)har zuwa 1500
Holly Maple12-28har zuwa 150

Yadda za a cire bushewar bishiyoyi daga wani shafi

Cututtukan bishiyoyi masu 'ya'ya, cututtukan bishiyoyi' ya'yan itace

Kafin cire kututture, ya zama dole a rabu da itace. Ya kamata a cire itacen da ya bushe a sassan. Da farko kuna buƙatar kawar da twigs da rassan akan gangar jikin kanta. Idan itacen ya kasance babba kuma mai ƙarfi, zaku iya hawa shi, kuna lura da matuƙar kulawa. Idan ƙaramin abu ne ga tsayi, ya kamata ku yi amfani da tsani ko ƙwararriyar mace.

Kula! Ya kamata a ɗaura mafi girma rassan tare da igiya kuma a hankali a ƙasa don kada a lalata tsire-tsire masu girma a kusa.

Lokacin da aka cire rassan gangar jikin, zaku iya ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba, watau rage gangar jikin. A lokaci guda, dole ne a zana shi a cikin sassan, da farko ɓangaren babba, sannan ƙananan, barin barin kututture kimanin mita da rabi. Upperangarorin sama na babban akwati, yana da kyau a runtse ƙasa da igiya.

Don aminci, ya wajaba don ƙaddara wurin da aka share inda aka shirya zubar da itace. Sannan sannu a hankali a narkar da akwati daga bangarorin daban-daban, a cimma nasarar da ta dace.

Yadda zaka rabu da kututturen bishiyoyi da asalinsu

Alurar riga kafi daga bishiyoyi a cikin bazara, hanyoyin samar da 'ya'yan itace itatuwa na masu farawa

Ya kamata a fahimci kalmar "rusawa" azaman aiwatar da cire dunƙule daga ƙasa tare da babban ƙoƙari. Sabili da haka, babban wahalar tumbi shine kawar da gonar Tushen, wanda, a zahiri, kiyaye itaciyar a ƙasa.

Haɓakawa

Hanyoyi don cire tsohuwar kututture akan wani shafi

Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don cire kututture:

  • inji, ta amfani da na’ura na musamman, gami da maye gurbin mutum. Wannan hanyar ta hada da murkushewa da hargitsi tare da tarakta ko ciwan injina;
  • sunadarai ta amfani da abubuwa masu aiki da ilmin sunadarai. Hanyar tana da sauƙi, amma tana buƙatar lokaci mai yawa (kusan shekara ɗaya) da farashin kuɗin da ake buƙata na magunguna;
  • Jagora, lokacin da kawai kayan aikin inganta da ƙarfin mutum ke amfani da su don tayar da hankali. Wannan hanyar tana da matukar tasiri kawai ga kututture da ke da ƙarama kaɗan, ko kuma idan ta bushe ko ta lalace.

Cire tarkacen bishiyoyi daga busasshiyar ƙasa ta murkushe

Don wannan hanyar, ana amfani da wata na musamman da ake kira crusher. Itace mai kwance tsaye tare da tuki, wanda ke yanke ragowar itace bushe a cikin sassan. A sakamakon haka, rami da kwakwalwan kwamfuta sun kasance daga kututture.

Murkushewa

Kula! Kirjin na iya cire ragyen juji zuwa zurfin cm 30. Godiya ga girmanta, ba lallai ba ne don shirya wurin aiki don murƙushewa, tsari kansa yana da sauri kuma daidai.

Irin waɗannan ayyukan ana ba da su ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi na musamman. Hakanan zaka iya siyan ɗanyen goro don amfanin mutum a cikin shagon da yake siyar da chainsaws da sauran kayan aikin makamantan su.

Koyaya, wannan hanyar tana da nasa abubuwan. Lokacin murkushewa, Tushen ba shi da alaƙa, saboda haka mafita ga matsalar yadda zaka rabu da tushen bishiyoyi ya kasance a wajan ma'anar shafin yanar gizon. Bayan cire kututturen ta wannan hanyar, ba za a shuka sabon itace a wurinsa ba akalla shekaru uku. Da kyau, mummunan yanayin da ya haifar da bushewar bishiyar yana ci gaba a cikin tushen kuma yana iya yada zuwa wasu bishiyun da aka dasa akan shafin. Haka ya shafi kwari da ba za a iya jera su ta wannan hanyar ba.

Yin amfani da kututture sama a shafin tare da gatari da kuɗaɗe

Da farko kuna buƙatar tono ƙasa a kusa da kututture a nesa na 0.5-1 m kuma zuwa zurfin rabin mita (dangane da tushen tsarin bishiyar). Bayan haka, tare da gatari, yanke tushen a cikin da'irar, ƙoƙarin kama da yawa daga cikinsu. Zai dogara ne akan yadda kututturen kututture ke barin wurin sa. Idan diamita daga cikin akwati ya kasance karami (har zuwa 20 cm), sannan ayi amfani da maƙil don raba itace, don haka cire kututture cikin sassan.

Idan itacen ya kasance babba, to, kuna buƙatar amfani da wata hanyar, wanda kuke buƙatar mataimaki da ɗan shiri. A kututture da kanta, kuna buƙatar amfani da tsaran tsalle, wanda ya kamata ku ƙulla igiya. Mataimakin zai ja ganga a fannoni daban-daban, yana ƙoƙarin sakin kututture. A wannan yanayin, za a fallasa sauran tushen, wanda ya kamata a yanke.

Don bayani! Yawancin bishiyoyi suna da tushe mafi kauri a gindi mai zurfi kuma suna girma a tsaye. Zaku iya samun shi ta hanyar tono ƙasa a gindin itace.

Da ya fi girma diamita daga cikin kututture, da more Tushen riƙe shi a cikin ƙasa. Wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyi, alal misali, baobab, suna da gangar jikin keɓaɓɓe mai mahimmanci har zuwa 8 m a diamita. Tsarin girma ya ci gaba matukar dai bishiyoyi sun kwashe tsawon shekaru.

Yadda ake murkushe bishiyoyi idan ƙoƙarin ku bai taimaka ba? A wannan yanayin, zaka iya amfani da matattarar keken da aka ɗora akan tractor. Rashin igiya yana da haɗari, tunda yana iya lalata tsire-tsire masu kewaye ko tarakta da kanta (iska mai lalata), har ila yau yana cutar da mutane. Sabili da haka, lokacin amfani da kayan aiki, ya kamata a cire wuce haddi daga yankin haɗari. Babban hasara na bulbulan bishiyoyi da kututture shine shirya wuraren aiki da rashin ingancin sa a wurare masu wuyar kaiwa, da kuma kimanta tsadar tsada.

Wani debe - ba a san yadda za a cire ragowar tushen Tushen daga shafin ba.

Kayayyakin aiki da kayan gyaran jiki da ake buƙata su yanka kuma su toshe itace

Za a iya samun manyan kayan aikin don ɗoraɗɗun kututture a kan kowane shinge na gida:

  • shebur (don tono ƙasa da sare ƙananan Tushen);
  • gatari
  • gwanin kwamfuta;
  • igiya (don karkatar da akwati);
  • takalma masu kyau, safofin hannu;
  • winch ko na inji (idan ya cancanta).

Yadda za a rabu da kututture ba tare da ɗaga haya ba: hanyar sinadarai na ƙonewa tare da saltpeter

Yadda za a halakar da tushen sawn itatuwa ba tare da amfani da uprooting manual? Chemistry zai taimaka. Babban abin da ake bukata shine kasancewar lokaci mai yawa. Misali, idan an saka gishirin bazara a lokacin bazara, to ya kamata a ƙone kututture da bazara mai zuwa.

Yin fita

Holes tare da diamita na kusan 1 cm da zurfin 40 cm an bushe da ƙasa a kan kututture .. Ana zuba potassium ko sodium nitrate a cikinsu a cikin adadin 100 g kowace, kuma ana zubo ruwa daga sama. Bayan wannan, an gama ramuka da katako, kuma kututture da kanta an rufe shi da filastik don hana danshi shiga. A cikin wannan halin, kututture ya kasance har sai lokacin bazara.

A cikin bazara, an cire fim ɗin kuma an cire makara. Duk wani ruwa mai saurin kashewa ana zuba shi a cikin ramuka kuma an kunna wuta. Nitrate ya riga ya shiga cikin zurfin tsarin kuma ya saki oxygen yayin konewa. Saboda haka, kututture an ƙone shi gaba ɗaya har zuwa ƙarami Tushen, wanda zai baka damar cire wakilan cututtukan bishiyoyi. Ba a buƙatar cire hannu.

Mahimmanci! Yi amfani da wannan hanyar da taka tsantsan. Ya kamata ku sami na'urar kashe wuta tare da ku idan kun sami ikon sarrafa kone-kone.

Tare da yawan ƙwayar magunguna fiye da ƙasa, an lalata ƙasa da nitrate. Ba za ku iya amfani da wannan hanyar ba a kan ƙasa na peat, in ba haka ba kuna iya ƙona ba kawai kututture ba, amma duka yankin tare da gidan.

Urea rooting fita tare da urea

Tsarin da kansa yayi daidai da wanda aka bayyana a sama, amma baya buƙatar ƙonewa, saboda haka ana iya amfani dashi akan kowane nau'in ƙasa.

An yanke kututture tare da ƙasa, bayan haka ana yin rami mai zurfi a ciki, inda aka sanya urea, ruwa yana zuba daga bisa. An rufe gidajen ramuka, kuma an rufe dungu tare da fim. Bayan shekara guda, itaciyar tana lalata gabaɗaya, har zuwa asalinsu.

Wani fa'ida bayyananniya ita ce urea, a matsayin taki, yana ƙirƙirar ƙasa mai ƙoshin ƙasa, don haka bayan irin wannan magani ya isa ya tono ƙasa kuma kuna iya shuka kowane tsiro. Da kyau, kuma mafi mahimmanci, ba kwa buƙatar cire tumbin da hannu.

Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da ƙarshen lalacewa mai tsawo da tsadar siyan urea.

Yin amfani da haushi ga ciyawa da ciyawa

Mulching yana rufe ƙasa tare da yanki na halitta ko kayan abu mara kyau don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai dacewa don ci gaban tsirrai (adana danshi da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, kare tushen daga matsanancin zafi, rashin ciyawar) da haɓaka kyakkyawa na gonar daga tsarin ra'ayi mai kyau. Ana iya aiwatar da shi duka a cikin kore ko a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa.

Mulching

Kayan da kansa, wanda ake amfani dashi don wannan, shi ake kira ciyawa. Yin amfani da haushi itace don haka yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:

  • haushi rots kuma cika ƙasa tare da abubuwan gina jiki;
  • lowers acidity na ƙasa, wanda ake buƙata don narkar da wasu nau'ikan shuka;
  • haushi yana yin kamar matatar ɗan adam na ruwa, yana hana shigarwar abubuwa masu lahani ga asalinsu;
  • hana hardening na topsoil. Yana ba da damar rage weeding, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman ga tsire-tsire tare da tushen tushen na sama;
  • a cikin kayanta yana da abubuwan da basa barin cututtuka kamar launin toka, cututtukan fungal, ruɗar da tushen sa;
  • ba ku damar fitar da aji na musamman na kwari daga ƙasa mai kewaye - ƙasa nematodes (kewayeworms). Wadannan kwayoyin cututtukan cututtukan dabbobi suna haifar da cututtuka da yawa a cikin tsire-tsire;
  • Yana taimakawa tsawaita rayuwar bishiya.

Yadda ake yankan itacen haushi a gida

Don amfani da mulching, haushi na kowane irin ake amfani da shi, kawai yanayin shine kada ta kasance da rai, saboda cire haushi daga gare su na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Hakanan ya kamata a guji tsufa ko bishiyoyi da aka lalata. Kwaro ko ƙwayoyin cuta na iya rayuwa a cikinsu. Zai fi kyau idan aka yi amfani da bishiyoyi da aka sare ƙasa da watanni shida da suka gabata.

Mahimmanci! Ana amfani da hawan itace kamar ciyawa kawai don perennials. Yawancin ya dogara da nau'in itace. Misali, itacen oak bai dace da tsire-tsire mai saurin kaya ba, Pine ya fi dacewa, kuma Birch yana da mafi kyawun kayan ado.

Don sanin idan haushi ya dace da mulching, kuna buƙatar cire karamin ƙaramin haushi. Idan ta tauraro cikin sauki, za a iya amfani da ita don ciyawa.

Bayan cire haushi, dole ne a murƙushe shi don girman girman yanki bai wuce cm 5. Ana iya yin wannan ko dai da hannu ta amfani da almakashi ko injin, ko sarrafa kansa a cikin shredder lambu.

Mataki na gaba shine bakara kayan. Ana yin wannan don hana kamuwa da cuta na tsirrai tare da cututtuka da kwari.

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:

  • tafasa cikin ruwa tsawon minti 10;
  • dumama a cikin tanda na minti 15-20. a 70 ° C.

Mahimmanci! Kar a wuce zafin jiki, kamar yadda ɓawon burodi na ƙone wuta.

Itatuwan bishiyoyi a cikin bazara ko kaka a kan ƙasa mai yawu. Shouldasa ta zama ta bushe da dumi (musamman ma bazara). Za'a iya amfani da takin gargajiya biyu - ciyawar doki ko saniya - da ma'adinai: urea, urea, ammonium nitrate, phosphorus da potassium da ke ƙunshe da abubuwa.

Bayan haka, zaku iya ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa mulching. An zubar da haushi tare da wani yanki na 2-5 cm, yana barin sarari kyauta kusa da tsire-tsire na 50 cm, kuma a kusa da bishiyoyi - 80 cm.

Miya

Don bayani! Dole a fitar da bishiyoyi na 'ya'yan itace kowane shekaru uku.

Lokacin zabar wata hanyar cire kututture daga ɗakin bazara, yakamata a yi la’akari da abubuwa da yawa lokaci guda, kamar tsadar aiki, kasancewar lokaci da kayan aikin da suka wajaba, gami da samun dama ga sauran itaciyar. Hakanan wajibi ne don amsa tambayar menene ayyukan cire tsohuwar kututture daga ƙasa yana taimakawa wajen warwarewa kuma ba shi da kyau a bar shi azaman kayan ado.