Abutilon wata shuka ce wacce ta kasance ta dangin Malvaceae. Furen ya bambanta da asalin asalin ganye wanda yayi kama da maple. A cikin Rasha, zaka iya samun fure iri da yawa: matasan, Amazonian, taguwar da Mesopotamian. Yadda za a yi girma cikin gida, abin da kulawa a gida don samar da - matsalolin da suka shafi yawancin masu shuka fure a Rasha.
Abutilon (Maple na cikin gida): kulawar gida
Bayan sayi maple na gida, yadda ake kulawa dashi yana da kyau a ware yanzun nan. Abutilon wata shuka ce mai daukar hoto wacce take fifita samar da haske. Ya fi kyau sanya fure a kan windowsill wanda ke fuskantar yamma, gabas ko kudu maso.
Menene kamarsa
Haushi
Yanayin bushewa sosai a cikin ɗakin na iya sa fure ta tsaya kuma ganyayyaki ta faɗi. Yanayi mai kama da wannan na iya faruwa yayin fara lokacin dumama. Kada ka sanya fure kusa da masu wuta.
Don bayani! Don hana ganye faɗuwa, zaku iya sanya kwanon ruwa kusa da tukunyar.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata na walƙiya
Rashin hasken wutar lantarki yana haifar da blanching na ganye da kuma budewa daga tushe. A lokacin rani, ana shawarar tukunya da shuka tare da farfajiya a waje. Ba za ku iya fesa fure da ke cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙonewa.
Zazzabi
Cikin gida a gida yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Barazanar ga Maple na cikin gida shine zayyana. Yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau a cikin gidan a lokacin rani ya zama yakai kimanin 16-25 ° C. A cikin yanayin zafi, dakatarwar buds tana faruwa. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don fesa tsire-tsire.
Yana da mahimmanci a hana ƙasan bushewa, kamar yadda abitilon zai fara ɗiban fure. Rashin danshi yana bayyana a cikin hanyar yellowing na ganye. A lokacin girma kana buƙatar ciyar da shuka tare da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 14.
Maple shine fure na gida, kulawa wanda ya bambanta, alal misali, daga geranium. A cikin hunturu, akwai raguwar ci gaban shuka. Furen ba ya buƙatar ƙarin koto. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na cikin gida a cikin hunturu ya zama kusa da 18-22 ° C
Kula! Godiya ga yin shayarwa na yau da kullun, bushewa daga ƙasa za'a iya kiyaye shi. Don hana overcooling na tushen tsarin, zaku iya shigar da tukunya akan wani kumfa.
Yadda ake yin kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don asali Maple na cikin gida.
Yankan
Don yin hanya, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar harbe-harbe apical. An sanya su a cikin cakuda yashi, peat da substrate. Don ƙirƙirar yanayin gidan hot, an rufe ganyen tare da hula na fim ɗin cellophane. A shuka dole ne a lokaci-lokaci ventilated.
Farkon harbewa
Mahimmanci! Fa'idodi da kayan ciyayi na yaduwar ciyawar Abutilon sun hada da adana launin furannin furanni.
Don shirya kayan dasa, dole ne ku bi mataki zuwa umarnin umarni:
- Da farko kuna buƙatar yanke itace daga harbe masu lafiya. Tsawonsu ya zama kusan 10-14 cm.
- Dole ne a yayyafa abin da ke ciki tare da gawayi don hana yaduwar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Wajibi ne don cire ganye da ganye daga kasan shuka.
- Bayan wannan, an sanya cuttings a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya. Hanzarta aiwatar da tushen tushen ta amfani da maganin zircon.
Kula! Hanyar itace tana da amfani domin hakan tana hanzarta tsarin girma na cikin gida.
Tsaba
Don haɓaka abutilon daga tsaba, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da kayan dasa. Madadin maganin dindindin na potassium, yan lambu sun fara amfani da ingantacciyar hanyar don tsabtace tsaba (phytosporin, trichodermin).
Yakamata kowane iri ya shiga cikin ruwa a zazzabi na 15 ° C. Abun fashewa yakamata ya bayyana a cikin kwanaki 21.
Lokacin da kake haɓaka abutilone, zaka iya amfani da jullar matasan. Tsawon tsirrai na iya kaiwa zuwa 1.5 m. Abutilon matasan cakuda Bellevue ana ɗaukar fure ne mara ma'ana. Girma daga tsaba yana buƙatar mai girbi na fure don shirya kayan.
Alurar riga kafi
Akwai yuwuwar samar da nau'ikan tsirrai daban-daban a jikin akwati na Abutilon.
Mai jan tsami
Don datse abutilone, kuna buƙatar la'akari da lokaci na shekara. Abubuwan harbi suna fi taqaitaccen lokacin bazara. Ba tare da pruning, abutilon ba kawai hasarar da siffarta, amma da kusan daina yin fure. Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar kambi mai kyau har zuwa 1.5 m high.
Bayan an gama girki, ana iya mayar da girkin a cikin aan makonni. Dole ne a harbe harbi zuwa 1/3 na tsayin asali. Bayan hanya, dole ne a canja tsire da shuka zuwa ɗakin dumi.
Ta yaya za a rage karfin halittar
Kula! Tsawon shuka lokacin da yakamata yakamata yakai cm 30. A hankali, zaku iya shuka daidaitaccen daji.
Ƙasa mai dacewa
Mafi kyawun ƙasa don abutilone yakamata ya sami isasshen ƙarfin danshi da kuma numfashi. Don guje wa chlorosis, pH ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 6-7.
Shirya ƙasa don fure wanda zaka iya siyan shago
Don haɓaka abutilon, zaka iya shirya ƙasa da kanka. A matsayin tushen, ana amfani da peat dawakai da humus. An ƙara takin mai ƙasa zuwa cakuda da aka gama. A cikin abin da kashi zuwa Mix:
- 2 sassa na duniya;
- 1 bangare humus;
- 1.5 sassan m yashi.
Kwaro da Cututtuka
Abubuwan haɗari ga abutilon sune kwari: fararen fata, gizo-gizo mite, mealybug, scutellum. Kwayoyin cuta suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma zasu iya haifar da mutuwar shuka.
Don gano kwari masu cutarwa, kuna buƙatar bincika ganyayyaki a kai a kai kuma mai tushe don lalacewa ta waje. Don cire ticks da whiteflies, ana amfani da fungicides waɗanda zasu iya lalata kwari.
Fitowar wani fure ta shafi whitefly
Lokacin da mildew powdery ya shafa, wani farin farin ya bayyana a saman ɓangaren ganyen. Kuna iya shawo kan kwari ta hanyar amfani da tushe. M lalata whitefly lalacewa take kaiwa zuwa yellowing da fadowa daga ganye. Don adana abutilone, ya kamata ku kula da fure tare da dakatarwar pyrethrum ko kuma maganin decis.
Rashin nasara da mealybug ya nuna kanta a cikin hanyar plaque mai halayyar, wanda ke rikita yanayin samun iska da haske. A wannan yanayin, ganyen fure ya fara toshewa. Cutar tana da mummunar tasiri akan tushen furen. Kuna iya kawar da mealybug ta hanyar magance tare da auduga swab a cikin barasa.
Mahimmanci! Yankunan da cutar ta shafa suna buƙatar kulawa da karbofos.
Abin da za a yi idan ganye sun juya launin rawaya
Me yasa ganye mai ruwan ciki Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da wannan:
- abutilone rasa haske ko abubuwan gina jiki;
- wanda bai bi ka'ida ko doka ba;
- inji ya shafi kwari.
Ganyen yellowing saboda karancin sinadarin nitrogen
Tare da rashin abubuwan ganowa, ganyen abutilon ya fara fadowa. Florists lura da raguwa a cikin girma shuka. A matsayin babban riguna, zaku iya amfani da takaddun takaddun ma'adinai "Ferrovit". Ganyen ganye na iya bayyanawa lokacin da fure ke tsayawa don dalilai na halitta.
Me yasa abutilon curl ganye
Ganyen Abutilon ya zama ja ya fadi saboda yanayin muhalli da bai dace ba. A lokacin rani, mafi yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon daga 16 ° C zuwa 25 ° C. Bugu da kari, tsiron ya mayar da martani ga yawan hasken rana.
Abin da za a yi idan ganyayyaki abutilon ya faɗi
Saurin bushewa yana nuna isasshen ruwa. Gano karanci bayyana kanta a cikin hanyar fada greenery. Abutilone discards bar idan tushen rot ya faru saboda karuwa zafi.
Dalilin wannan na iya zama rashin ruwa, yawan zafin jiki da yawa ko rashin haske. Hakanan yana da daraja a bincika shuka don alamun lalacewar kwaro. Za'a iya danganta fitar da ƙusoshin tare da rage yawan awoyi. Wannan tsari yana nuna shiri na abutilon don lokacin hunturu.
Abutilon shuka ce mai daukar hoto, mutane da yawa sun fi son lambu. Karka sanya tukunyar fure kusa da kayan wuta. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki a lokacin rani ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 16-25 ° C. Kuma a sa'an nan zai Bloom duk lokacin rani da kuma farin ciki tare da buds na gida.
