Vallota - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Vallota (Vallota) - wata itaciya ce mai fure a jikin dangin Amaryllis. A cikin yanayin muhalli, wanda aka rarraba a yankin da ke ƙasa mai mahimmanci na Afirka ta Kudu, mahaifar Wallota shine yankin Cape, wanda shine ɓangare na Afirka ta Kudu. A gida, fure ya girma tun tsakiyar karni na 17.

Itace mai tsiro mai tasowa a cikin matsakaicin matsakaici, yawanci tsayinsa baya wuce 0.5 m. fure na wallota yana faruwa a lokacin bazara, amma wasu samfurori masu amfani da kwan fitila mai ƙarfi zasu iya yin fure sau biyu - a cikin bazara da damina.

Vallota yana jan hankalin mutane tare da furanni masu launin shuda, masu kama da manyan karrarawa, da kyawawan adon zinari. An ba da sunan ne ta sunan masanin ilmin halitta dan kasar Faransa Pierre Vallo, wanda ya ba da bayanin kimiya na farko game da shuka.

Tabbatar duba furen hemanthus daga gida ɗaya. Suna da kyau sosai cikin nau'i-nau'i.

M kaddarorin da ke cikin wallo

Duk da gaskiyar cewa Wallot mai kyau yana da guba, yana da fa'ida. Kyakkyawan kaddarorin shuka shine kyakkyawarta. Kasancewar wallota na fitar da fure yakan haifar da daɗin daɗin kwalliya.

Murnar sadarwa tare da wakilin flora yana inganta yanayi, yana kara sautin jiki. Dankin ya jaddada mahimmancin cikin, yana samar da yanayi mai sanyin gwiwa a cikin gidan.

Vallota: kulawar gida. A takaice

Domin wallota ya inganta cikin jituwa a gida, ya kamata ka gano abubuwan da ake son shuka kuma ka samar da yanayi mai kyau a ciki:

Kula Wallot a gida. Daki-daki

Vallota kyakkyawan shuka ne na ƙasashen waje. A ɗaka, zai ɗauki tushe sosai kuma yana fure lushly, idan kun ƙirƙira yanayi mai kyau.

Lokacin hutawa

Bayan fure, Wallota za ta ambaci cewa tana buƙatar lokacin wahala na bushewar farfajiyar. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana faruwa a tsakiyar Satumba. An cire ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarancin peduncle. An sake shirya Vallota a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi kuma a ajiye shi a zazzabi kimanin + 12 ° C.

Watering ya kamata sparse don tallafa wa ganye kuma kada ya haifar da Rotting na asalinsu. Manyan riguna suna tsayawa.

Shiryawa

A farkon Afrilu, Wallota zai fara farkawa ya saki ganye. A wannan lokacin ne ake fara shiri don fure. Dole ne a ba da izinin wuce gona da iri cikin sauri, ingancin fure nan gaba ya dogara da wannan. A hankali ƙara yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki, ba tare da haifar da ƙaruwa ba.

Suna ciyar da shuka tare da takin gargajiya mai cakuda, diluting shi a cikin rabin. Lokacin da farjin ya bayyana, adadin ƙwayoyin phosphorus a cikin suttura yana ƙaruwa: kashi yana ƙarfafa fure. A substrate ko da yaushe ya kasance matsakaici m. Tabbatar cewa babu wani tururuwa na danshi.

Gudun ruwa

Tsire-tsire daga dangin Amaryllis ba kawai kyakkyawa ba ne, amma a bayyane. Furen furannin wallota wani abu ne wanda ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba, duk da cewa gamut launuka masu launi sun fi iyakance ga launin ja - tabarau mai haske. Bulaya daga cikin kwan fitila samar da biyu ko fiye da karfi peduncles, tsawo wanda bai wuce 0.4 m A kowane ɗayansu har zuwa manyan furanni 7 - gramophone fure.

Dansu diamita sau da yawa ya wuce cm 5. An tattara furanni a cikin inflorescences - laima. Abun maraba da zinari ya jaddada da laushi irin na alaƙa. Matsayin rayuwar farfajiyar har zuwa sati daya. A lokacin furanni, Wallot ya ci gaba da ciyar da abinci. Ruwa a hankali, ƙoƙarin kada rigar furanni. Suna kare shuka daga abubuwan kirkiro da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Don tsire-tsire tare da tushen kudu, yana da mahimmanci don kula da tsarin zafin jiki, in ba haka ba za su ci gaba ba tare da haɗu ba, rage jinkirin girma, kuma ba za su yi fure ba. A cikin hunturu, shuka wallot a gida ya kamata a kiyaye shi a zazzabi da bai wuce + 28 ° C ba, kuma a lokacin zafi a + 12 ° C.

Furen ba ya yarda da zayyana da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. A lokacin rani, Vallota tana jin daɗin fitar da iska mai tsabta a cikin lambu ko a baranda.

Fesa

Furen yana jin daɗi yayin da ɗakin matsakaici yake. Kula da wallot a gida yana bada shawarar fesa shi a kullun a lokacin rani. Dole ne a yi wannan a hankali, ba tare da samun furanni ba. Don kula da zafi a matakin da ya dace, ana sanya akwati na ruwa kusa da shuka, wani lokacin ana kunna hura iska. Lokaci-lokaci shafa ganye tare da m damp zane.

Haske

Itatuwan kudu sun yi farin ciki lokacin da haske ya sauka a kanta. Haskoki na rana suna da amfani mai amfani ga ci gabanta, kunna mahimmanci. Wallota na gida yana ƙaunar hasken rana mai haske, amma a ranakun zafi dole ne a girgiza shi, in ba haka ba za'a iya ƙone ƙone ƙonewa. Mafi dacewa don sanya wallo sune windows suna fuskantar kudu, kudu maso gabas da kudu maso yamma.

Windows na arewa shugabanci aka cire: furen zai shimfiɗa, dakatar da ciyawar. Amma a cikin hunturu, 'yan lambu masu gogewa suna ba da shawarar sanya tukunya tare da wallot a kan windows ta arewa, don shuka ya iya shakatawa da kwanciyar hankali. A cikin bazara, an dawo da fure zuwa ga tsohon - mai da-lit - wuri.

Watering Wallots

Wajibi ne a lura da saman ƙasa kuma a hana samuwar ɓawon burodi a kanta. Watering ganuwar lokacin fure da ci gaba mai zafi ana aiwatar da su lokacin da ƙasa ta fara bushewa.

Yawancin lokaci wannan yana faruwa sau ɗaya kowace kwana 7, lokacin zafi - morean sau da yawa, don hana ganyayyaki daga bushewa (wallota yana jin zafi sosai fuskantar duk canje-canje masu alaƙa da su). Bayan fure, ana rage yawan shayarwa, a cikin hunturu, shayarwa wajibi ne a matsakaita a kowace kwanaki 12. Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa mai kariya mai amfani sosai.

Tukunyar Wallot

Sakamakon ci gaban jituwa na wallota shine ciyawa, cigaba da fure. Yana da mahimmanci ga mai girbi ya kirkiro yanayi mai kyau ga shuka don nuna kyawawan "karrarawa" ga duniya. Babban mahimmanci shine tukunya don wallon. Idan ka sayi filin kwandon shara mai yawa, yara da yawa zasu kirkiro, kuma maimakon yin yalwataccen yalwatacce, mai kirin zai kula da su, yana ba da ƙarfi ga ci gaban kwararan fitila.

Sabili da haka, tukunya yana buƙatar ɗan abin wuya. Girman kwan fitila na fure mai girma kusan 80 mm. Nisa daga gareta zuwa kowane bangon tukunyar ya zama bai wuce 40 mm ba, wanda ke nufin cewa diamita na kwandon don wallota na manya shine 160 mm. Matasa mai tsire-tsire yana buƙatar tukunya wanda diamita ba ya wuce 100 mm. Tsawon kwantena bai kamata ya zama ya fi girma girma ba.

Lokacin sayen tukunya, koyaya koyaushe don duba cewa akwai ramuka na magudanar ruwa a ƙasan.

Kasar

Abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa yakamata su gudana kyauta daga tushen shuka, to wallota zai haɓaka da kyau. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne idan kun ɗauki ƙasa mai lalatacciyar ƙasa kuma ku dasa fure. A cikin shagon zaka iya siyan siyayyar ƙasa ta tsire-tsire na fure kuma ƙara da shi tare da gawayi foda, yankakken spruce haushi, sphagnum.

Don inganta kaddarorin magudanan ruwa, an ƙara bulo bulo, ƙaramin ƙwayar ciyawar a ƙasa. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ƙasa da kansa, ɗaukar daidai gwargwado humus, ciyawar lambu, peat, yashi. Inganta abun da ke ciki na abin da aka gama.

Taki da taki

Domin wallota ya haɓaka a cikin gida kuma yayi kyau da kyau, ana buƙatar miya da kuma takin gargajiya. Yi amfani da takin zamani mai lalacewa na tsire-tsire na fure. Ana amfani da kayan aiki a cikin nau'in diluted bayan watering yamma. Takaitaccen ciyawa ya fi dacewa da sha, ta hanyar rage haɗarin mamayar da shuka.

Furen da ya wuce gona da iri zai gina taro mai koren kore kuma yayi matukar kyau. Wannan zai rage kayan kwalliyar kayan kwalliya. Ana yin riguna da sutura a cikin lokacin ciyayi mai tsayi sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 14. Bayan fure, rage mita na hanya, kuma a cikin hunturu tsaida gaba ɗaya. Ciyar da shuka, an sha shi kwana daya.

Juyawa

Vallota tsire-tsire ne mai bulbous. Tana da hankali sosai ga kowane tasirin waje. Yawanci, ana yin jujjuyawar wallot kowane shekara 2.5, a cikin bazara. An dasa tsire-tsire a hankali daga tukunya, yana ƙoƙarin kada ya lalata kwan fitila da asalinsu. Juyawar fure shine lokaci don canja tukunya, ƙasa kuma ƙara yawan magudanar ruwa.

Canza wallet ɗin, kada ku zurfafa kwan fitila don kada lalata lalata daga tushe. Kashi na uku ya kamata ya tashi saman farfajiyar. Bayan hanyar, Wallot zai saba da sabon wuri na dogon lokaci kuma ba zai ci gaba da bunƙasa nan da nan ba. Samun girma Tushen, furen zai haɓaka sashinta na sama.

Bayan dasawa, yakamata a sanya Wallot a wani wuri da aka kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Madadin maye gurbin shuka mai girma, ana yawan maye gurbin rukunin ofarfin sama na abin da ke ciki. Bayan makonni uku, ana iya ciyar da Wallot.

Yadda za a datsa da walat?

Vallota yana buƙatar pruning don cire ganyayyaki da ya bushe. Idan takardar ba ta kasance cikakke ba, kada ku taɓa shi har sai ƙasa ta ƙafe. Bayan fure, an cire tsintsiyar wilted gaba daya an cire shi.

Wallot yaduwa

Wallota yaduwa yana yiwuwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu.

Shuka Walyoyi daga Tsaba

Ku ciyar a cikin Oktoba ko Nuwamba. Tsaba suna soyayye a cikin cikakken bayani na potassium permanganate da tsiro tsakanin yadudduka na moistened gauze ko tace takarda. Sown a cikin musanya zuwa zurfin kusan 50 mm. Tare da gilashi ko fim, germinate tare da ƙananan dumama. An cire tsari zuwa ruwa da ciyar da .an seedlings. Bayan kwanaki 20, seedlings suka bayyana. Bayan watanni 3.5, ana dasa ƙananan albasa, ana nutsar da su cikin ƙasa. An shuka shayar da shuka sosai. Shekara guda bayan haka, a cikin bazara, ana dasa shuki da kwararan fitila wanda ya sa tushe wuya ya zama a bayyane sama da ƙasa. Vallota da aka shuka tare da tsaba zasu yi fure a cikin shekaru 3.

Wallot yaduwa ta yara

Yawo bayan dasawa. Kafa kwararan fitila a hankali rabu da tushen uwa uwa da kuma dasa a cikin kananan tukwane, binne a cikin substrate by 2/3. Da farko, ba a shayar da tsire-tsire na seedlings. Vallota, girma daga yara, fure a shekara ta ta biyu.

Girma kyakkyawan kyakkyawan shuka daga ƙananan ƙananan tsari ne mai tsayi. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da hanyar ta biyu mafi yawan lokuta. Hakanan yana da mashahuri saboda furanni da yara suka dasa sun fi kama da shuka - "uwa".

Cutar da kwari

Cututtuka da kwari ba sa shafar shuka. Sakamakon kulawa mara kyau, matsaloli sukan bayyana:

• tukwanen ganyayyaki ya bushe wallo - tsire yana da zafi (don ba da iska cikin dakin, kare fure daga daftarin; fesa)
• launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye - alama ce ta launin toka mai lalacewa saboda abin da ke cikin ɗumi mai zafi da kuma a inuwa (a yanka ganyen da abin ya shafa, a kula da mai da maganin kashe kwari
• ganye bushe, alagammana - alama ce ta fussysis (cire duk sassan da suka lalace, yayyafa wuraren da aka sare tare da sulfur ko gawayi; idan shuka ya yi mummunar lalacewa, ba za a iya ajiye shi ba);
• wallota baya fure - rashin lokacin hutawa; kasancewa a cikin wurin da ba shi da hasken da kuma girma a cikin tukunyar fili (ci gaba da sanyi a cikin hunturu da wuya ruwa; matsa zuwa wuri mai wuta; canja wuri zuwa tukunyar da ke kusa).

Mafi sau da yawa, wallota yana shafar aphids, mealybugs, kwari masu kwari, da kuma ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo.

Nau'in wallon gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin al'adun gida, nau'ikan biyu suna tartsatsi:

Asalin samfurin Vallota

Tsawon tsirran ya kai kimanin 0.65. diamita na kwan fitila na fure ya kai mm 45. Furanni suna kama sosai da furannin fure. Abubuwan alaƙa masu launin ja tare da tintin ruwan lemo suna da siffar m, ƙaramin alama a ƙarshen. Umbrella inflorescences ne a bude kuma aka gabatar zuwa sama. Fuskokin ganye suna da tsayi (kusan 40 mm) kuma faɗiɗa (har zuwa mm 30), suna da sifar da take da bel, ana zane ta a cikin ruwan zaitun mai duhu. Tsarin na fure a tsakiyar watan Agusta.

Vallota purpurea

A kan layi ɗaya, furanni 6 zuwa 8 tare da diamita na sama da mm 50 ana kafa su lokaci guda. Scarlet petals an nuna a ƙarshen. Tsawon ganye mai kunkuntar ganye ba ya wuce cm 0.35. Yana fure a farkon kaka.

Wallota na fure yana kawo farin ciki a gidan. Lokacin da labulen ja ja mai haske ya bayyana, wahayi ya zo kuma bakin ciki ya shuɗe.