Peperomia - kulawa ta gida, hotuna da sunayen jinsuna

Harshen Peperomia (Peperomia) - undersized, ornamental foliage shuka tare da rosettes na mai yawa, duhu kore ganye a taqaitaccen, Branching mai tushe. Wasu nau'ikan furanni suna ado da alamu mai haske a cikin hanyar jijiyoyi, iyakoki ko aibobi.

Succulents sun zo mana daga Amurka ta wurare masu zafi. Yawancin nau'ikan suna girma a cikin Brazil, Colombian, gandun daji na Mexico. Mafi sau da yawa, ana iya samun su a cikin rawar epiphytes da ke girma akan bishiyoyi.

Peperomia mara daidaitaccen tsarin tare da karamin tushen tsarin yana da kyau don karamin ofis ko ofis ɗin sarari, har ma da wuraren shakatawa na fili. Saboda girmanta, har zuwa 20 cm, yana ɗaukar tushe sosai a cikin mafi ƙanƙan tukwane kuma ana iya dasa shi tare da wasu tsire-tsire. Wasu nau'o'in succulents sun kai 50 cm a tsawo, misali, peperomia blunt.

Furen fure ne perennial, shekara-shekara girma na shuka ne matsakaita na 12 cm. Amma mazan da shuka, da karami kuma mafi unsightly da ganye zama, da yawa iri dake bukatar lokaci pruning da Ana ɗaukaka.

Dukiya mai amfani

Yana buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun. A dawowar, yana inganta yanayi a cikin gidan, yana tsaftace iska da gubobi da kuma fitowar iska, yana ba da yanayi mai kyau da walwala, yana haifar da yanayi mai kyau, ya kuma cika dakin da iskar oxygen. Itace gida tana da amfani mai amfani akan tsarin narkewa.

Siffofin girma a gida. A takaice

Kula da tsiro ba shi da wahala. Peperomia a gida ba shi da ma'ana kuma yana buƙatar matakan tsari da yanayi:

Yadda zaka sayi peperomia

Lokacin zabar wata shuka don siye, kuna buƙatar ba da kulawa ta musamman don bayyanar ta. Ganyen yakamata ya zama mai zafi, mai jurewa, mai haske, ba tare da play mai launi da sikeli mai launin ruwan kasa ba. Itataccen mai tsiro, ganye mai laushi, wanda aka ba ƙasa mai laushi, na iya gabatar da matsaloli tare da tushen tushen.

Irin wannan fure ba shi da daraja a siya, yana iya mutuwa da sauri.

Gudun ruwa

Na ado foliage succulent blooms a farkon bazara da kuma bazara. Inflorescences ba su da kyau sosai, amma suna da sabon abu, sifofi marasa kyau waɗanda ke jan hankalin ido. A wasu nau'ikan, suna kama da wasan golf, a cikin wasu suna kama da wutsiyar ƙwaƙan ƙwayoyi, a cikin wasu suna kama da tsefe tare da Cloves da yawa.

Furannin furanni da aka haɗa a cikin inflorescences sune ƙanana da girman girma da kwantar da hankula a launi.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Peperomia gida tsirrai ce mai tsinkaye da inuwa; ba wai a banza bane a yanayin da yake girma a matakin guguwar gandun daji. Dole ne a kiyaye shi daga canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi, zayyana da hypothermia. Ingantaccen aiki shine 16-24C.

A lokacin bazara, ba a ba da shawarar ɗaukar fure a waje, iska ta bushe da kuma yanayin zafi sama da 25ºC masu rai ne.

Tsafta

Ganyayyaki masu kyau, fure mai fure da sauri sun zama turɓaya. Don wannan ƙaramar tarkacewa ba ta lalata bayyanar tsiron ba, dole ne a tsabtace shi lokaci-lokaci tare da zane mai bushewa, ko sanyawa a cikin shawa.

Fesa

Matsakaicin matakin danshi ga fure shine 40-60%. Rashin zafi ba ya barazanar da mummunar damuwa ga shuka, amma ya fi kyau kada a yi gwaji kuma a ƙara yawan iska a lokacin bushewa ta wani lokaci-lokaci. Kuna iya sanya tukunya da peperomia ɗakin a cikin pebbles kuma ku zuba ruwa a can don ƙafe.

Haske

Yanayin jin daɗi don siffofin ganye-ganyen peperomia suna rarraba hasken, inuwa m. A lokacin rani, za su ji daɗin windows windows na gabas, arewa da yamma. A cikin hunturu, shuka yana buƙatar ƙarin haske, kuma windows ta kudu sun dace da namo.

Na nau'in jinsin da kuke bambanta kana bukatar hasken da ya bazu, amma daga hasken rana kai tsaye, tsarin akan zanen gado zai dakushe. Saboda haka, irin waɗannan nau'ikan suna girma a gefen kudu, amma sanya su a cikin inuwa mai haske na wasu tsirrai.

Don tabbatar da mahimmancin aikin peperomia a gida, yi walƙiya. Wajibi ne a tsawaita hasken rana zuwa awanni 16 tare da taimakon ƙarin hasken wutan lantarki.

Watse

Yana son danshi, amma yana matuƙar kula da rashin ruwa daga ƙasa. M m ne fraught tare da Rotting na tushen da mutuwar fure. Saboda haka, yana da kyau overdry fiye da zuba. Kuna iya ƙayyade buƙatar yin ruwa a ƙasa idan ya bushe zuwa zurfin cm 3 A cikin lokacin dumi, ƙasa ta bushe da sauri fiye da lokacin hunturu.

Ruwa don sanyaya kasar gona ya kamata ya zama da yawa digiri sama da iska na cikin gida.

Wiwi

Kafin dasawa, ya kamata ku kimanta girman tushen tsarin peperomia. Mafi girma shi ne, mafi girma tukunya ya kamata. Hakanan ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa ana bada shawara don cika har zuwa 3 cm daga cikin magudanar magudanar a ƙasan tukunya kafin dasa.

Ya kamata a fi son fifiko ga manyan kwantena na yumbu.

Kowane juyawa na gaba ana yin shi ne domin a rarraba Tushen a cikin tukunya a ko'ina kuma ba a kasancewa kusa da saman ƙasa.

Kasar

Ya kamata a ɗauki zaɓi na dasa shuki don peperomia da mahimmanci. Tsarin tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙasa mai acidic tare da matakin 5 zuwa 6.5 pH an zaɓi shi. Yawancin Firayim Minista da aka gama sayarwa suna da babban matakin acidity kuma basu dace ba. Sabili da haka, ana ƙara 250-350 g na ash ko gari dolomite a cikin ƙasa da aka saya don kowane lita 10 na substrate.

Kuna iya shirya matakin farko da ya dace da kanku. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara ga haɗar yashi, humus da peat a cikin gwargwado 1: 1: 1 kuma ƙara sassan 2-3 na ƙasa mai ganye.

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, dole ne a bi da shi tare da kwari tare da maganin manganese mai rauni. A kasan tukunya, dole ne a shimfiɗa magudanar, aƙalla 2-3 cm.

Taki da taki

Peperomia fure a cikin ɗakin yanayi yana buƙatar aikace-aikacen takin kullun. A cikin lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara, ana aiwatar da sutturar kai aƙalla 1 a cikin makonni biyu. Abubuwan da suka dace na musamman na takaddun kayan gargajiya da na ma'adinai don tsire-tsire masu ado da kayan ƙwari

Babban abu shine kar ya wuce rabbai da sigogin da aka nuna a umarnin don maganin.

Canjin peperomy

Matasa matasa a ƙarƙashin shekara 3 suna buƙatar dasawa na shekara-shekara. Tsoffin furanni suna iya jurewa har zuwa shekaru 3 ba tare da canza ƙasa da tukunya ba. Wasu nau'ikan suna yin tsayayya da rashin dasawa har zuwa shekaru 7.

Babban mahimmancin buƙatar buƙatar haɓaka iya aiki shine bayyanar tsiro da ƙara girman tsarin, wanda zai iya girma cikin ramuka don magudanar ruwa ko saman ƙasa.

Mai jan tsami

Chingwura fiɗa a saman ganye na 3-5 ko a rage kara bayan kai tsawon 18-20 cm zai taimaka wajen ba wa furen fure mafi kyawun launuka Za a iya yin yankan da ganyayyaki a ruwa.

Zan iya barin ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Samun tafiya, kuna buƙatar kulawa da furen a gaba, saboda daga baya ba lallai ne ku sake buƙatar shi da sauri ba. Don sa shuka su ji daɗi yayin rashin kulawar da ta dace, saka Layer na m yumɓu yumɓu a kan ƙasa, kuma saka tire tare da ɗanyen peat a ƙarƙashin tukunyar. Daga taga, peperomia zai fi dacewa a cire shi zuwa ɗan lokaci.

Girma peperomia daga tsaba

Kafin dasa shuki, tsaba na fure ba sa buƙatar soya mai tsawo. Don haɓaka germin, ana tsabtace su da kwasfa mai laushi a gefe ɗaya kuma an sanya su cikin ruwa mai dumi na minti 40-50. A wannan lokacin, ana shirya ƙasa. A kasan tukunyar ya shimfida magudanar ruwa, sannan wani yanki na ƙasa tare da sphagnum. An sanya tsaba a cikin musanya zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm.

Isarfin yana saura har sati guda a cikin yanayin wadataccen, yaduwar hasken wuta. Bayan kwanaki 7-10, farawan farko sun bayyana, wanda yakamata a sanyaya shi akai-akai. Za a iya ɗaukar tsinkaye kwanaki 30 bayan tsiro. Canjin mafi kusa ga shuka za'a buƙaci shi ba da wuri ba kamar shekara guda.

Don dasa shuki, an zaɓi damar 8-9 cm a diamita.

Kiwo

Rarraba shuka mai sauki ne, akwai nau'ikan haifuwa da yawa.

Farfagandar peperomia ta yanke

Wannan shine mafi tsada kuma sanannan nau'in rarrabuwa ta fure. Ganyen da aka datse aka tsabtace dukkan ganye ban da ganye na babba, an bar shi ya bushe don awanni 1-1.5 kuma an dasa shi a dasa a cikin cakuda yashi na watanni 1-1.5.

Yanayin zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kamata ya zama akalla 25 ° C. Yawancin jinsunan za'a iya kafe a cikin ruwa. Don yin wannan, an sanya itacen a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi kuma jiran samuwar asalin sa.

Sake bugun ganyen peperomia

Ganyen da ke da ciyawa ya rabu da karar aƙalla 1 cm ana bi da shi tare da tushe kuma a narkar da shi cikin cakuda yashi. Daga sama, an rufe akwati tare da jaka kuma hagu a zazzabi na 19-21 digiri a ƙarƙashin yaduwar haske.

Tsakanin watanni 1-1.5, ƙasa tana daɗaɗan matsakaici, kuma tukunyar ta juya zuwa haske don samun sababbin kantuna a ginin takardar. Sannan an rarraba sabbin buhunan masarufi kuma an dasa su. Furen su yana yiwuwa a farkon shekarar.

Wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire, kamar su peperomia na azurfa, na iya haifuwa a sassan ganyayyaki. Babban yanayin shine kasancewar ƙaramin sashi wanda ganye ke haɗe da tushe.

Cutar da kwari

Lokacin girma, matsaloli masu zuwa na iya faruwa:

• Ganyayyaki ya faɗi ya faɗi - kasa isasshen ruwa. A cikin hunturu, dalilin na iya zama rashin bin ka'idodin zazzabi.
• Petioles na ganye sun zama baƙi - danshi wuce haddi.
• Tsarin murƙushewa akan ganye - wuce haddi watering.
• Nasihun ganye peperomia - bayyanar da daftarin ko sanyi.
• Ganyayyaki sun zama kangara a cikin hunturu - wuce haddi danshi, a lokacin rani - karin zafi.
• Watering ganye tare da isasshen watering - jujjuya daga cikin tushen saboda ambaliya.

Mafi mashahuri karin kwari ne sikelin kwari, thrips, mealybug, gizo-gizo mites.

Nau'in peperomia na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire, masu zuwa sun fi dacewa da haɓakar gida.

Kankana

M, fleshy, duhu kore ganye tare da takaice petioles. Suna da siffar cinya na goge ko ƙwanƙwasa na baya, tip ɗin ya yi haske. Tsawon farantin takardar shine 6-12 cm, nisa shine 2.5-5 cm.

Peperomia magnolia

M kambi, ganye mai launin fata, kore kore, mai kama da farantin ganye na Magnolia.

Riveararar Peperomia

M fure tare da wrinkled, embossed ganye. Launi - kore mai duhu, tare da tsummoki mai launin ruwan kasa. Haɗa kai kusa da juna kan dogayen petioles na launin ruwan hoda mai laushi. Yana fure a cikin bazara tare da farin dusar kankara.

Peperomia azurfa (kankana)

Ganye mai yawa har zuwa 8 cm tsayi suna da koren launi da fararen fata, daɗaɗɗen kankara, mai kama da dutsen kankana. Itace karami ne, ba girma sama da 11-13 cm.

Hawan Peperomia

Ampelic bayyanar da shuka tare da m, nuna wa tip ganye har zuwa 5 cm a tsawon. Kara yana da ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, na iya ja da baya kamar itacen inabi.

Peperomia Klusielistnaya

Perennial tare da manyan, murfin ganye mai yawa 14-16 cm tsayi kuma 7-9 cm fadi. Petioles gajere ne, kuma a haɗe suke da tushe. Ganyayyaki masu launin kore ne mai launin shuɗi tare da launin ruwan hoda ko ja.

Duk irin mazaunin da yake a cikin ɗakin gida ko ofishi, tabbas zai zama kyakkyawan canjin dakin.