Popular sau da yawa, lambu koka: da currant daji ba ya girma da kyau, 'yan berries ana shuka su ne, cututtuka da kwari kwari a cikin ganyayyaki, harbe daskarewa fita a cikin hunturu. Wadannan da sauran matsaloli masu yawa na iya haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Idan masu currants ba su karɓi dukkanin abubuwan da suke buƙata ba, to ba za su iya haɓaka kullun ba, tsayayya da cututtuka, ba da haɓaka da ƙoshin lafiya. Shekarun farko bayan dasa shuki, daji yakan tattara kayan abinci daga ƙasa, amma anan gaba yana buƙatar taimako a cikin manyan riguna.
Me yasa currants suna buƙatar miya mafi kyau
Currant ya samar da tsarin tushen, wanda yake a zurfin har zuwa cm 50. Kamar kowane shuka da aka shuka, yana buƙatar taki, saboda ba da daɗewa ba saitin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin tushen tushen ya gaji. Saboda aikace-aikacen ma'adinai na takin zamani da takin gargajiya, currant yana girma sosai a cikin taro na daji, da berries suna girma, m, tare da babban dandano. Autumn saman miya yana da matukar muhimmanci - ba wai kawai suna taimakawa shirya currant bushes na hunturu bane, amma kuma suna bayar da tasu gudummawar wajen sanya sabbin 'ya'yan itace buds.
Blackcurrant yana girma a wuri guda don shekaru 15-20, amma a cikin rashin ciyarwa, tun yana ƙarami, yana iya rasa ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki
Blackcurrant taki lokacin dasa
Currants suna ba da amsa sosai ga haɓaka yanayin girma. Idan kuna shirin dasa sababbin bushes, to, yana da kyau ku shirya wurin a gaba. Wajibi ne a samar da kasar gona da takin gargajiya da takin gargajiya, tono, kuma idan yankin ya yi ruwa - to magudana.
Saukowa rami shiri
A wadatar da currants da abinci ya dogara da girman rami rami. Mafi girma shine, mafi kyawun jari wanda zaka iya ƙirƙirar daji. Tunda zurfin tushen currant yayi karami, ba shi da ma'ana a tono mai zurfi. Da kyau cika ramin da sako-sako da ƙasa gaurayawan, yana da kyau a ƙara diamita. Girman ramin ya dogara da ingancin ƙasa a cikin lambun ku:
- A chernozem, ya isa ya haƙa rami don girman tushen kuma ya dasa daji ba tare da takin zamani ba.
- A yawancin wuraren, loamy ko yashi na loamy ya mamaye, kuma ana yin rami yawanci 60x60 cm a girma.
- A kan kasa mai saurin ɗauka, ramin da aka tona ya zama ya kai mita 1 - girman girman daji.
Bidiyo: yadda ake shirya rami yadda yakamata
Aikace-aikacen taki
Ganin cewa currants zai yi girma wuri guda sama da shekara guda, dole ne a shirya cakuda ƙasa don dasawa a hankali:
- Haɗa ƙasa mai da kyau tare da humus ko takin (1: 1), ƙara 0.5 l na itace ash. Cika ramin da aka shirya tare da cakuda.
- Bari cakuda sag da kyau na wata daya, kawai bayan haka zaka iya dasa currants.
- Don dasa shuki, cike ramuka tun kaka.
Rtasasshen ƙasa shine babba na cm 30. Amma don cika ramin, zaku iya kawo ƙasa daga gandun daji, daga filin ko saya ƙasa baki ɗaya. Selectedasar da aka zaɓa a zurfin ƙasa da 30 cm ba za'a iya amfani dashi don dasa ba.
Yana kama da rami wanda aka riga aka shirya - an cika shi da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki da alama tare da fegi
Idan babu humus, takin da ash, to sai a cika ramin da ƙasa mai haɗe da hade da abubuwan da ke gaba (kowace daji):
- 1 tbsp. l urea
- 2 tbsp. l superphosphate;
- 1 tbsp. l takin zamani na free na potash-taki.
A cikin akwati ba sa shuka currants a cikin ƙasa, wanda yake da kullun da takin mai ma'adinai. Lu'ulu'u bai haɗu da ƙasa ba kuma ba su da lokaci don narkar da, don haka za su iya ƙone asalinsu.
Tsarin miya
Noman da aka gabatar lokacin dasa shuki zai šauki na tsawon shekaru 3-4, kafin yazo lokacin cikakken 'ya'yan itace. Manyan currants suna buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki a cikin kullun, amma kowane sashi na haɓaka yana buƙatar wasu saɓo na abubuwa. Don haka, don haɓakar ganye da ganyayyaki, ana buƙatar nitrogen, don ƙarfafa tushen da kuma ƙara ƙarfin hunturu - phosphorus, kuma potassium yana da alhakin ingancin 'ya'yan itacen, yana ƙara ƙarfin ƙwayar shuka.
Black currants bukatar a ciyar da akalla sau biyu - a cikin bazara da kaka. Kuma don samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa don iri-iri da haɓaka ɗanɗano na berries, currants yana da ƙari kaɗan.
Ciyar da currants tare da takin mai magani akan abubuwan gina jiki shine mafi yawancin lokuta ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar fesawa akan ganyen ganye.
Tsarin currant a cikin kaka
Matasa masu sassaucin ra'ayi, waɗanda suka ɓullo cikin 'ya'yan itacen ɓaure mai ɗaukar daji, fara ciyar a ƙarshen kakar, bayan sun sami farkon amfanin gona na berries. A cikin kaka, ba za a iya amfani da takin ƙasa na nitrogen ba, tunda suna tsoratar da tashin hankali na harbe-harbe. A wannan lokacin, phosphorus da potassium ma'adinai ne ake amfani dasu.
Tebur: Fa'idodi na amfani da takin ma'adinai
| Me yasa kuke buƙata | Tashar taki | Abincin Fida |
| Ga 'ya'yan itatuwa |
|
|
| Ga lafiyar bushes | Plantara yawan juriya game da cuta. |
|
Potassium ya fi dacewa don aikace-aikacen ƙarƙashin currants a kaka, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri mafi kyawun yanayin don fungi pathogenic - dampness da sanyin sanyi. Tare da taimakon potassium, currants na iya haɓaka rigakafin su kuma kiyaye ta har zuwa bazara.
Phosphorus shine kayan gini na sababbin gabobin tsire-tsire. A zahiri, ana buƙatar wannan kashi don currants duk shekara, amma takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi phosphorus a hankali yana narkar da shi kuma ya karɓi Tushen. An gabatar da shi a cikin bazara, sannu a hankali sun juya zuwa wani nau'i mai isa ga currants kuma shuka zai yi amfani da shi daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kakar wasa ta gaba.
Bidiyo: aikace-aikacen takin mai magani na phosphorus-potassium a cikin kaka
A cikin kaka, a matsayin babban miya, ba currants daya tablespoon na potassium sulfate da superphosphate da kowane daji. Tayi amfani da takin zamani nan da nan zuwa yankin tushe. Don yin wannan:
- A kan dajin daji, tako baya kadan don kar a taɓa tushen, tono tsagi 30 cm zurfi ko tono a layi daya zuwa daji a garesu.
- Idan ƙasa ta bushe, zubar da tsagi da kyau tare da ruwa (bulo 2-3).
- Yayyafa iri biyu na takin a ko'ina kan raɓa.
Ciyar da takin ƙasa a ƙasa a kan ciyawar
- Mataki na tsagi.
Kuna iya amfani da takaddun takaddun ciyawa don amfanin gona na Berry wanda aka yiwa alama "kaka" ko "kaka". Kafin amfani, karanta abun da ke ciki - nitrogen kada ya kasance kwatankwacinsa ko yana iya kasancewa cikin taro mai ƙima idan aka kwatanta da phosphorus da potassium.
Yi duk tushen miya kawai a kan ƙasa mai rigar, hada su da ruwa, ko amfani bayan ruwan sama.
Hoton hoto: yadda ake ciyar da currants a kaka
- Superphosphate ya ƙunshi fili na phosphorus wanda ake shukawa cikin sauri
- Takin taki yakamata yakamata ya hada da chlorine ba
- A kan kunshin takaddun takaddun aka nuna ga wane irin amfanin gona aka yi niyya, kuma akwai bayanin kula "kaka"
- Takin kaka na duniya wanda ya dace da dukkan albarkatu
- A karkashin sanannun brands Forte da Fertik kaka kaka ana kuma samar.
Tsarin currant a cikin bazara
A lokacin saduwa, da currant bukatun inganta abinci mai gina jiki. A wannan lokacin, tana buƙatar musamman:
- nitrogen - don samuwar manyan harbe da karfi, kara yawan ganye;
- potassium - don fure da fruiting.
Don takin currants, zaka iya zaɓar ɗayan zaɓuɓɓuka don ciyar:
- Yada guga na humus ko takin da gilashin itace ash a ko'ina a kan da'irar kusa-kusa, yayyafa tare da duniya.
- Yayyafa 1 tbsp karkashin daji. l urea ko nitonium nitrate da 1 tbsp. l potassium sulfate, Mix tare da topsoil. Kuna iya narke waɗannan takin a cikin guga na ruwa kuma kuyi miya mai ɗumi. Idan an riga an yi amfani da takin potassium a cikin fall, to, potassium sulfate ba lallai ba ne.
Hakanan za'a iya narkar da takin zamani a cikin ruwa don hanzarta jan abubuwan abinci.
- Sayi busasshen kaji ko bushewar doki a shagon, shirya mafita bisa ga umarnin kan kunshin.
- Tsarma sabo da zuriyar dabbobi da ruwa 1:20, taki - 1:10 (kafin a sha ruwa, ana buƙatar magance fermented na kwanaki 5-7).
- Yi amfani da cikakke kayan miya don bishiyoyi na bishiyoyi wanda ke ɗauke da duk mahimman macro da micronutrients. Karanta umarnin, tabbatar cewa takin ya dace da amfanin bazara.
Hoton hoto: yadda ake ciyar da currants a bazara
- A cikin shagunan ƙwararrun suna sayar da ƙyallan dutse - yana da matukar dacewa don amfani.
- Fitar dawakin doki ba ta da wari mai ƙanshi, ana amfani da ita koda na tsire-tsire na cikin gida
- Urea da aka sani ga mafi yawan lambu a matsayin mai muhimmanci takin nitrogen taki don bazara miya.
- Takaitattun alamu na tsiro da alamu na noma sun sami dogaro da aminan lambu
- Taki mai narkewa-ruwa mai narkewa ya kunshi dukkan abubuwan da suke bukata na amfanin gona na Berry
- Don takin currants, zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani da aka yi niyyar amfanin gona da amfanin gona na bishiyoyi, gami da shirin Agrovita
Wani fasalin dukkanin riguna na saman bazara shine babban abun ciki na nitrogen idan aka kwatanta da sauran abubuwan. A cikin bazara, amfani da takin ruwa na ruwa daidai kamar yadda yake a cikin kaka, wato, cikin tsagi akan ƙasa mai laima.
Kar ku wuce sashi na takin zamani da aka ambata a cikin umarnin, saboda wuce haddi na kowane bangare har ma ya kasance mai hadarin gaske fiye da rashin sa. Gishiri wanda ba a san shi ba yana tarawa a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da ƙonewa mai ƙonawa. Fiye da aikace-aikacen nitrogen yana haifar da karuwar matakin nitrates a cikin berries.
Ronarin aikin micronutrient
Gano abubuwan don tsire-tsire suna da mahimmanci kamar bitamin a gare mu. Idan babu abinci mai mahimmanci (nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium), basu da amfani. Amma idan currant ya sami mafi mahimmancin takin mai magani a gareta cike, waɗannan abubuwan suna iyawa:
- kara yawan aiki;
- shafi girma da dandano na berries;
- haɓaka rigakafi;
- jimre wa yanayi daban-daban na damuwa, irin su kwaro, kwaro, yanayin rashi, daskarewa, girke-girke, da sauransu.
Tebur: Babban tushen abubuwan gano abubuwa don currants
| Suna | Abubuwan Kyau | Hanyar aikace-aikace |
| Itace ash |
|
|
| Boric acid | Shirye-shiryen sun ƙunshi mahimmancin microelement don tsirrai - boron. | Mafi kyawun lokacin don ciyarwa tare da boron shine lokacin fure na currants. Tsar da g 3 na lu'ulu'u na boric acid a guga na ruwa da fesa kai tsaye akan furanni. |
| Musamman microfertilizer hade | Cikakken cakuda abubuwan da ke cikin sauƙaƙe zuwa tsire-tsire |
|
Kowane takin yana da nasa magani na zamani da kuma mita. Ana siyar da microfertilizers don amfanin gona na Berry a ƙarƙashin kamfanonin: Energen Extraari, AquaMix, Oracle, Novosil, da sauransu.
Hoton hoto: shirye-shirye don ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki
- Yanzu ba za ku iya samun ash daga murhun kuka ba, amma ku sayi cikin shagon
- Ana sayar da Boric acid a cikin kantin magani da kuma lambu
- Novosil ba wai kawai yana haɓaka haɓaka ba kuma yana haɓaka yawan aiki, amma yana kare tsire-tsire daga cututtuka
- Energen erari na hanzarta bunƙasa, yana haɓaka abubuwan bitamin a cikin berries, yana haɓaka yawan aiki ta 30-40%
- Realkom yana taimakawa rage abun da ake amfani da nitrate a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries da rabi
Dankali ta kwasfa don currants
A tsakanin lambu, ya zama gaye don amfani da peeling dankalin turawa a matsayin taki. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, lambu suna tara kwasfa duk hunturu, bushe shi ko daskare shi. Sun tono a cikin tsarkakakken al'adu daban-daban, amma kuna yin hukunci ta hanyar lura da yawa, bakano ne wanda yafi dacewa da irin wannan riguna.
A cikin kwasfar dankalin turawa wanda muke yawan jefawa, akwai wasu macro- da microelements, kuma mafi mahimmanci, sitaci, wanda ke rushewar glucose akan lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da babban abun ciki na abubuwa masu narkewa a cikin tsarkakewar. Wajibi ne a kawo wannan taki a cikin bazara, a matsayin babban kayan miya.
Dankalin dankalin turawa da muke jefawa zai iya zama abinci mai kyau don currants
Hanya daya don amfani da peelings dankalin turawa:
- Kafin tabbatar da cika kwasfa da ruwan zãfi. Ta wannan hanyar, ka kera abubuwan da ke haifar da tashe-tashen hankulan marigayi Blight, scab da sauran cututtuka. Bugu da kari, duk idanu za su mutu sakamakon tururi (wanda ke nufin cewa a karkashin tsinkonka wani tsiron dankalin turawa da ba zai yi nasara ba).
- Kamar yadda a cikin lokuta na baya, kusa da daji kuna buƙatar tono tsagi 30 cm zurfi.
- A kasan, sa taro da dankalin turawa ya bushe da ruwa, wani yanki mai kusan 5 cm.
A kasan da aka shirya, tsarren dankalin turawa dankalin turawa ya bushe da ruwa
- Rufe ƙasa da tsabtace (10 cm) kuma a ko'ina a yayyafa gilashin itace a saman.
- Cika ɗan tsagi ba tare da haɗa komai ba.
Ash zai iya haɗa kayan miya tare da microelements, amma bai kamata ku haɗa shi da tsabtatawa ba. Nitrogen, wanda yake a cikin tsarkakewa, lokacin hulɗa tare da alkali (ash) ya juya ya zama ammoniya da volatilizes. A wannan yanayin, babban miya zai zama mai tasiri. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine yin ash 5-7 kwanaki bayan nitrogen-dauke da manyan miya.
Bidiyo: yadda ake girbi da amfani da peelings dankalin turawa
Idan mai kula da lambun yana da masaniyar matakai na haɓaka da fruiting na currants, to ɗaukar takin ba shi da wahala. A cikin bazara, shuka yana buƙatar takin mai magani na nitrogen, a cikin kaka - phosphate. Ana iya amfani da potassium sau uku a kowace kakar, amma kashi a kowane daji (1 tbsp. L.) Ana buƙatar rarrabuwa zuwa sassa uku. Mikronutrient saman miya, ko da yake ba lallai ba ne, amma amfani da su yana da tasirin gaske akan yanayin currant bushes, don haka inganta yawan aiki.
