Smitianta - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto da iri

Smithyantha (Smithiantha) - wani perennial houseplant daga dangin Gesneriaceae. Ana nuna al'adun ta tsakanin kafaffen yakai 50-60 cm tsayi tare da ganyayyaki wadanda aka shirya. Faranti mai siffa zuciya mai kama da faranti tare da jijiyoyin kai, mashaya. Tushen tsarin ya ƙunshi dogon schi rhizomes.

Furanni na smitianti kananan kararrawa ne ba su fi girma cm 5 5. Launin su ya bambanta daga ruwan lemo mai cike da launuka daban-daban na launin rawaya, ruwan hoda da ja. Smithyans na gida shine yankuna masu tsaunuka na Mexico da Guatemala.

Ka mai da hankali sosai ga tsirrai na Achimenes da Columnae daga gida ɗaya.

Smitianta: kulawar gida. A takaice

Smitianta a gida na buƙatar isasshen kulawa mai mahimmanci. A cikin aikinta akwai fannoni da dama:

Kula da smytiant a gida. Daki-daki

Smytiant na gida na buƙatar tsananin kulawa da ka'idodin kulawa. A inji shi ne musamman kula da zafi da dormancy.

Flow Smithyantes

Lokacin fure na Smithyant yana daga farkon lokacin bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Furanni furanni-kararrawa ne, ana tattara su cikin inflorescences na nau'in tsemo.

Itaciyar fure ta tashi sama da ganyen. Ya danganta da nau'in, launi na furanni na iya zama mai rawaya mai haske tare da halayen halayen ja zuwa tsarkakken ja ko cakuda orange da ruwan hoda.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Shuka mai ƙanshi a gida yana girma da zazzabi na + 22-25 °. Tare da farkon lokacin damuwa, bayan duk ganyen shuka ya mutu, zazzage ya ragu zuwa + 15-17 °. A karkashin irin wannan yanayi, ana kiyaye smithant har zuwa lokacin bazara.

Fesa

Kula a gida ya kamata a za'ayi ta amfani da spraying akai. A cikin yanayin zafi kadan, ganyen shuka zai iya ja. Yayin feshin ruwa, kada ruwa ya faɗi akan ganye da furanni. Don haɓaka matakin zafi, ana iya sanya tukunya da tsiro a kan kwalin pallet tare da pebbles rigar, yumɓu mai yalwa ko gansakuka.

Haske

Smitianta a gida yana haɓaka a cikin kyawawan wurare ba tare da samun hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Windows na yamma da daidaituwa na gabas sun fi dacewa da ita. Lokacin da aka sanya shi a gefen kudu, dole ne a girgiza shuka. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da labulen tulle na farin ko takarda fari. Ingancin fure na smithiant kai tsaye ya dogara da matakin haske.

Saboda haka, tsire-tsire sanya a kan windows ta arewa, Bloom musamman ba tare da so ba.

Watse

A lokacin da girma girma, da smithiant na bukatar na yau da kullum, amma matsakaici watering. An shayar da shuka bayan bushewa na topsoil. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a kula da yawan danshi na daskararren. Ko da guda bay ko overdry na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Ana yin ruwa kawai tare da ruwa mai tsayawa ta hanyar kwanon rufi ko gefen tukunyar.

Wiwi na Smithy

Smithyant yana da tsarin tushen na sama. Sabili da haka, don haɓakar sa, kwantena masu faɗi da faɗi sun fi dacewa. Wiwi na iya zama ko filastik ko yumbu.

Kasar

Don namo smithiant, ana buƙatar mai tushen peat. Don ƙarin friability, an ƙara yankakken gansakiri ko ƙwaƙwalwa a ciki. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kayan kwalliya da aka shirya don girma violet ko begonias.

Taki da taki

A cikin kakar girma daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, Smithyant yana ciyar da kowane takin duniya don tsire-tsire na cikin gida na fure. Ana amfani da suturar sama da sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2.

Lokacin dilution taki, shawarar da aka ba da shawarar ana rage ta sau 2.

Smithy Canji

Canjin Smithyant yana gudana ne a farkon bazara bayan tsawon lokacin hutu. A karo na farko bayan an dasa shuki, ana shayar da rhizomes da iyaka, kasar gona yakamata ta kasance cikin yanayin danshi.

Bayan bayyanar sprouts, an ninka ruwa kuma takan fara takin zamani.

Mai jan tsami

Ba ya bukatar datsa da smithiant. Bayan farawa ta dormancy, matattun ganye ana cire su a hankali kawai daga tsire.

Lokacin hutawa

Don ƙirƙirar lokacin hutawa, smithiantes suna ba da rage zafin jiki a cikin + 15 °. Tukwane tare da rhizomes mai barci suna sake shiryawa a cikin bushe, wuri mai duhu. A lokacin dormancy, ƙasa a cikin tukunya kada ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Saboda haka, ana shafawa sau ɗaya a wata. Tare da adadi mai yawa na tsire-tsire, an haƙa rhizomes bayan sun bushe sassan ɓangarorin, sun bushe kuma an sanya su cikin kwalaye tare da peat ko yashi.

Girma smithiantes daga tsaba

Ana shuka tsaba Smithyant a farkon bazara. Don yin wannan, shirya wani gina jiki, sako-sako da substrate. 'Ya'yan smithiant suna daukar hoto, suna shuka a farfajiya na kasar gona, ba tare da an shuka iri ba. Don germination, suna buƙatar babban zafi, don haka an rufe ƙwayar iri tare da wani fim. Otsan buɗe ido yana bayyana bayan kimanin makonni 3. Bayan haɓakar leavesan ganye guda biyu, ana rayuwa da su cikin tukwane daban.

Farfagandar da smithiant da cuttings

Yaduwa daga smithianti mai yiwuwa ne tare da manyan apical 5-6 cm tsayi tsayi.Haka babban zafi yana da mahimmanci don tushen su. An dasa su a cikin kananan katako tare da sako-sako da, cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Da kaka, tsire-tsire masu-girma za su yi girma daga ƙwaya, wanda zai yi fure bayan lokacin sanyi.

Cutar da kwari

Lokacin da girma smithianti, zaku iya fuskantar matsaloli da yawa:

• Smitianta baya fure. Itace tana fama da karancin haske ko abinci.
• Brown spots a kan ganyen smithiant faruwa lokacin da ban ruwa mai sanyi ko sanyi mai shiga ciki.
• Abin tunawa da launin toka a cikin ganyayyaki ya tashi sakamakon haɓakar cutar fungal. Dalilin rashin isasshen iska ne.
• Cikakke launin shuɗi akan ganyen smithiana nuna rashin batura. Hakanan zasu iya faruwa saboda kunar rana a jiki.
• Ana kiyaye ganyen da suka lalace tare da rashin isasshen zafi.

Daga cikin kwari a kan smithiante mafi yawan akai-akai zauna: whitefly, aphid, thrips.

Nau'in smithyantas na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin ciyawar cikin gida, ana amfani da nau'ikan smithiants masu zuwa:

Smithiantha multiflora

Furen furanni, da yawa, an tattara su a goga. Ganyen suna da taushi, tare da halayyar halayya, ba tare da tsari ba.

Smithyantha taguwa (Smithiantha zebrina)
Ganyen suna cike koren kore, ba tare da tsari ba. Furanni masu ruwan hoda suna da ƙaramar kuzari.

Damansara Damai (Smithiantha x hybrida)

Zuriyarsu kusan santimita 40. Ganyen suna da girma, mai kama da zuciya, tare da sifofin halayen launin tubali-ja. Furanni masu ruwan hoda masu launin shuɗi tare da ɗan rawaya mai launin shuɗi.

Smithiantha cinnabar ja (Smithiantha cinnabarina)

Viewaramin kallo tare da tsawo ba fiye da cm 30 ba. Furanni ba su fi 4 cm girma ba.