Gemantus - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto

Hemanthus (Haemanthus) al'adar albasa ce daga dangin amaryllis. Ganyen suna sessile, mai yawa da fata, mai zagaye da siffar. Inflorescences ne mai sihiri ko a cikin hanyar laima, kunshi kananan furanni daban-daban launuka. Bayyana a cikin bazara ko bazara.

Tsawon lokacin fure shine makonni 2-3. Jimlar tsawo na shuka ba ya wuce cm 30-40. Kwan fitila yana ƙaruwa a kowace shekara, yana kai girman diamita na 8-10 cm Yayin da yara suke girma a kai, yara suna girma. Landasar Hemanthus Afirka ta Kudu.

Tabbatar duba furen kyanwa daga dangi guda. Suna da kyau sosai cikin nau'i-nau'i.

Amfanin kaddarorin hemanthus

Hemanthus yana tsarkake iska, yana cika shi da oxygen da ozone. Hakanan shuka yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka kayan aikin lantarki. Lokacin da aka sanya shi kusa da lantarki yana rage mummunan tasirinsa. Hemanthus yana daidaita metabolism a cikin jiki, yana rage matsin lamba kuma yana hanzarta aiwatar da farfadowa. Kyakkyawan bayyanar da shuka yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar yanayi mai daɗi da kwanciyar hankali a cikin ɗakunan kowane nau'in.

Hemanthus: kulawar gida. A takaice

Hemanthus a gida yana buƙatar yarda da wasu dabarun aikin gona:

Hemanthus: kulawar gida. Daki-daki

Kulawa da hemanthus a gida ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi:

Hemanthus fure

Hemanthus blooms a bazara bayan wani lokaci mai kauri. Hanya mai mahimmanci don fure shine sanyi abun ciki a cikin hunturu. Wani lokacin farin ciki da ke dauke da mara lafiyan ciki yana bayyana kusa da karar karya.

Bayan pollination, an kafa itace mai launin shuɗi. Farkon fure yana faruwa yana da shekaru 4-5. Dole ne a yanke Peduncle bayan fure. Idan kuwa ba a yi hakan ba, tozartar da tsaba za su rage yawan kwan fitila.

Yanayin Zazzabi

A lokacin girma, ana sa hemanthus a zazzabi + 23-25 ​​°. A cikin hunturu, an rage shi zuwa + 14-16 °, babban abinda shine shine bai faɗi ƙasa + 10 ° ba. Wasu lokuta lokacin hutawa yakan faɗi akan watanni mai zafi. A wannan yanayin, tukunyar da ke ɗauke da kwan fitila mai ƙonawa an canja shi zuwa wuri mai sanyaya, alal misali, ga ginin ƙasa.

Idan kuka bar shuka a cikin zafi, tozartar fure ba ya nan.

Fesa

Hemanthus a gida yana buƙatar fesawa na yau da kullun, musamman yayin fure. Ruwan da ake amfani da shi dole yayi laushi. Game da ƙazantar ƙura, ganye na hemanthus an shafa a hankali tare da zane mai bushe.

Haske

Hemanthus yana buƙatar haske mai yawa. Lokacin sanya shuka a kan windows ta kudu da tsakar rana, yana da kyau a rufe shi. A mafi yawancin lokuta, furen yana tasowa da kyau akan windows ko gabas ko yamma, idan babu shading daga titin.

Watsa Hemanthus

Hemanthus shuka a gida yana buƙatar matsakaici da kulawa sosai. Sama daga sama dole ne ya bushe. Lokacin da lokacin tashin hankali ya fara, ana shayar da nau'in kowane nau'in tsiwirwirinsu da wuya, kuma masu yanke hukunci basa gushewa.

Babban zafi yana da lahani ga kwararan fitila, Haɗe tare da babban zazzabi. A irin waɗannan yanayi, sukan lalace cikin sauri. Tare da rashin danshi, kwararan fitila ba su sami taro mai mahimmanci ba, ci gaban su ya lalace, kuma inflorescences ya bushe sosai da sauri.

Hemanthus tukunya

Duk da gaskiyar cewa itaciyar hemanthus tana haɓaka tsarin tushen ƙaƙƙarfan iko, filayen fure don haɓaka ya kamata ya zama ɗan girma fiye da girman kwan fitila. Yayi girma da yawa damar iya yin hadarin acidification na tushen ƙasa. Lokacin zabar, fifiko yakamata a baiwa m tukunya da fadi-da-fadi, tunda mafi yawan tushen hemanthus yana cikin babban faren ƙasa.

Kasar

Hemanthus na gida yana buƙatar matattara mai ƙanshi, ƙasa mara nauyi. Ya ƙunshi sassan 2 na sod na ƙasa da daidai sassan peat, yashi da humus. Samun masana'antu na duniya tare da ƙari na perlite kuma ya dace don haɓaka. A kasan tukunya, matattarar ruwa na yumbu mai yalwa ko yashi tabbatacce sanye yake.

Ko da tsayayyen tsayayye guda ɗaya zai haifar da jujjuya kwan fitila.

Taki da taki

Hemanthus a cikin lokacin furanni ana ciyar da sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 10. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da taki don kwararan fitila. A lokacin haɓaka, ana maye gurbinsu da cakudun duniya don fure na cikin gida.

Kamar yawancin Afro-zuriyar, hemanthus yana mayar da martani mara kyau ga matakan phosphorus. Sabili da haka, lokacin zabar takin, da farko, ana kulawa da hankali ga abun ciki mai yawa na wannan kashi. Karami shi ne mafi kyau.

Juyawa

Ana yin tafiyar hemanthus sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 3-4. Idan saman ƙasa ya rufe ajiya mai gishiri a baya, an cire saman ƙasa na ƙasa a hankali kuma an maye shi da sabo.

Lokacin dasawa, an dasa shuki a hankali cikin tukunya mafi girma, kuma voids waɗanda aka kafa a wannan yanayin suna cike da cakuda ƙasa. Dole ne a kula da tushen Hemanthus sosai a hankali, suna kula da lalacewa kuma suna ɗaukar dogon lokaci don murmurewa.

Mai jan tsami

Hemanthus baya buƙatar pruning na musamman. Kafin lokacin hutawa, kawai an yanke ganye ne kawai a gare shi.

Lokacin hutawa

Ba kowane nau'in hemanthus bane ke da lokacin haila, wasu kawai sun daina girma, suna kiyaye ganyayyaki. A cikin hunturu, suna buƙatar saukar da zazzabi zuwa + 16-18 ° kuma sosai ruwa sosai.

Dabbobin da ke zubar da ganye suna daina shayarwa daga ƙarshen Satumba. Bayan kammala bushewa, an cire ragowar ganyen ganye, kuma an canja tukunyar tare da kwan fitila zuwa ɗaki da zazzabi na 12-15 °. A lokacin hunturu, dunƙule yakamata kada ya bushe gaba ɗaya. A kasar gona ya kamata ko da yaushe ya kasance dan kadan m. A cikin watan Fabrairu, an maye saman dutsen a cikin tukunya da kwan fitila. Bayan wannan, ana sa shuka a cikin wurin da ya saba kuma a ci gaba da kulawa ta yau da kullun.

Girma hemanthus daga tsaba

Sakamakon pollination na wucin gadi akan haemanthus, za'a iya saita 'ya'yan itace. Ana iya amfani da tsaba daga gare su don haifuwa. An shirya cakuda peat da yashi don shuka.

Farkon harbe ya bayyana bayan makonni 2-3.

Tushen tsarin seedlings yana da hankali sosai, saboda haka suna girma ba tare da nutse har tsawon lokaci ba. Tsaba rasa germination dasu da sauri, saboda haka ana shuka su da sauri.

Hemanthus haifuwa ta yara

Kusa da kwakwalwar mahaifa na hemanthus, yara kan kasance koyaushe. Ana iya amfani dasu don haifuwa. An raba yara yayin shirin dasawa. Sannan ana dasa su a cikin kananan tabarau tare da ƙasa, ƙasa mai gina jiki. Sun yi fure na tsawon shekaru 3-4 na namo.

Cutar da kwari

Lokacin da masu girma furannin hemanthus masu girma zasu iya haduwa da matsaloli masu zuwa:

• Hemanthus baya fure. Mafi m, ba a ba da shuka tare da lokacin hutawa da ya dace. Wajibi ne don daidaita yanayin tsarewa a cikin hunturu.
• Hemanthus ganye juya launin rawaya. Jinkiri da mutuwa daga cikin ƙananan ganye tsari ne na halitta. Idan matsalar ta bazu sosai, furen ya sha wahala daga bakin ruwa. Don gyara matsalar, yakamata ƙasa ta bushe, kuma ya kamata a kula da wuraren da lalatattu tare da maganin kashe ƙwari.
• Yana ƙonewa akan ganyayyaki, furanni iri iri. Itace ta sha wahala daga kunar rana a jiki. Dole a sake tukunya tukunya a cikin wurin da babu rana ko kuma a samar da inuwa.
• Hemanthus buds sun zama baƙi. Tare da girman zafi da ƙarancin zafin jiki, yaduwar cututtukan fungal fara. Ya kamata a taƙaita lokacin ruwa, kuma ya kamata a sake sarrafa tukunya a wuri mai daɗi.
• Hemanthus a hankali yana girma. Wataƙila shuka ba ta da abinci mai gina jiki. Dole ne ayi amfani da takin mai magani. Idan bushe ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, ana duba hemanthus don kwari.
• Bar hutu, shimfiɗa. Itace bata da haske. Wiwi yana buƙatar sake shirya shi a cikin wurin da ya fi hasken haske ko shirya fitila.

Hemanthus kuma iya wahala daga da yawa kwari: aphids, mealybugs, gizo-gizo kwari.

Iri hemanthus na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin ciyawar cikin gida, nau'ikan hemanthus 3 kawai ake amfani da su:

Karyawan Adam (Haemanthus albiflos)

Ana bambanta jinsunan da fadi, ganye mai zagaye a ƙarshen launin launi mai zurfi. Dankin ya ƙunshi ganye 2-4 ne kawai. Tsayinsa ba ya wuce cm 20-30. Peduncle gajere ne, mai kauri tare da kananan furanni masu furanni waɗanda aka tattara a cikin laima tare da diamita ba fiye da cm 5. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari furanni ne masu launin ja tare da tsaba masu zagaye. Ya dace da girma a cikin ɗakuna masu ɗumi da kuma ɗakunan ajiya mai sanyi.

Scarlet Hemanthus (Haemanthus coccineus)

Bayan fure, ya girma ganyayyaki 2 na launi mai haske mai launi .. Siffar faranti na zagaye, yana matsawa gindi. Halin halayyar halayya sune ja. Peduncles har zuwa 25 cm tsayi, an rufe shi da aibobi masu launin shuɗi-ja. Furanni masu haske ja.

Hemanthus Katerina (Haemanthus katherinae)

Ganye ba su tsallake, maimakon manyan, tare da wavy gefen. Su mutu kashe saboda hunturu. Peduncles har zuwa santimita 50. Rikicin ciki har zuwa 15 cm a diamita ya ƙunshi furanni ruwan hoda. Kwan fitila diamita game da 10 cm.