Nepenthes (Nepenthes) - tsire-tsire masu ado da tsire-tsire masu ƙira daga Non-Pentesian iyali. Yana da ganyayyaki iri biyu: na yau da kullun - a cikin manyan jaka tare da murfi. A cikinsu, ciyawar tana ci, kamar tarko, kwari da ƙananan dabbobi. Ya kashe kuma ya digo su, samun abubuwa masu amfani daga kwayoyin wadanda abin ya shafa.
Homelandasar mahaifar Nepentes ita ce Asiya ta kudu maso gabas. A cikin yanayin muhalli, ayyukan tsufa na yau da kullun sun zama ruwan dare a yankuna na wurare masu zafi na Ostiraliya, New Guinea, da tsibirin Madagascar. A nan sun girma har zuwa m 20. A gida, nepentes suna haɓaka cikin hanzari kuma a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa ta riga ta zama tsintsiya madaidaiciya, da ta kai 0.65 a cikin shekaru 4.5.
A cikin daji, tsire-tsire yana fure tare da ƙananan furanni, an tattara su a cikin goge mai tsayi mara tushe. Home Nepentes blooms musamman wuya.
Idan kuna son shuka tsirrai a gida, to sai a ga yadda ake yin lemon tsami.
| Adadin girma yayi sauri. Wani ɗan fure ya girma ya cika cikin shekara 1. | |
| Blooms da wuya a gida. | |
| Shuka zai dace da gogaggen mai girbi. | |
| Itace shuka iri. |
Ta yaya kuma don ciyar da Nepentes
Wani fasalin Nepentes shine maganin sa. Duk wuyan kowanne jujjuyaya ya kewaye shi da wani rimin giram mai haske wanda ke jan hankalin wadanda abin ya shafa, kuma yadda gurnani yake a kanta yana hana su tserewa zuwa 'yanci. Tsakanin tsaran tsintsiya sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2.5 ya kamata a kula da shi tare da kwari, yayin da wuce gona da iri ba shi da daraja.
Jiki-jini, kwari, maggotsin ana yin amfani dashi azaman "maganin", ana saukad da mutum ɗaya cikin uku na juji. Maharbi zai iya shan kwayoyi sama da 2 a cikin kwanaki 30. Dole ne a zuba ruwa cikin jarkoki.
Kulawar gida (a takaice)
Shuka jijiyoyin wuya a gida a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin ƙwararre, amma dole ne ya san abubuwan da ɗan shuka ya ke da shi sosai kuma yayi ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar yanayin rayuwa mai kyau:
| Yanayin Zazzabi | Ya dogara da nau'in shuka, galibi ya fi so +15 - 25 ° C. |
| Jin zafi | Ya karu, daga 55%. |
| Haske | Karye mai haske; a kan windows ta kudu da suke inuwa, an sanya su a kan windows suna fuskantar gabas. |
| Watse | Farjin kasan ya kamata ya bushe; a lokacin rani suna ruwa sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7, ƙasa da yawa a cikin hunturu. |
| Kasar gona | Mixtureasa cakuda 6 sassan ɓataccen haushi, 6 sassan sassan kwakwa, sassan 8 na sphagnum. |
| Taki da taki | Spraying tare da diluted taki don orchids; chelates na boron, jan ƙarfe, baƙin ƙarfe. |
| Juyin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin | Kowace bazara, ana shuka tsire-tsire. |
| Kiwo | Yanke ko tsaba. |
| Siffofin Girma | Nepentes ba shi da buƙatu na musamman don yanayin girma, amma yana buƙatar kulawa ta asali. |
Ana kula da marasa lafiyan a gida
Nepentes ƙaddara ce mai zafi wanda za'a iya tarko, yana haifar da yanayi mai kyau a ciki. Ba zai ci gaba da bashi ba kuma zai yi mamaki tare da jakan asali, kuma idan ya yi sa'a, to, tare da fure.
Gudun ruwa
Darajar kayan kwalliya na Nepentes tana cikin jujiyoyi masu haske, amma wani lokacin furanni suna bayyana akan bushes. Nepentes shine dioecious shuka: akan wasu bushes ne kawai furanni mata ake kafawa, akan wasu kawai furanni namiji ne. Nepentes Bloom ba sabon abu bane, amma ba za ku iya kira shi da kyan gani ba ko kuma na ban mamaki.
Leafanan furanni na ganye suna bayyana a cikin sinus ɗin ganye wanda basu da fure, amma tare da sepals guda uku, waɗanda aka tattara cikin madaidaicin mahogany inflorescences. Fulawa na iya wuce watanni 4-6, bayan haka an kirkiro 'ya'yan itace - akwati. Nepentes blooms da wuya a gida.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Home Nepentes shine tsire-tsire na thermophilic. Abubuwan Alpine ba su da kyau sosai a cikin yanayin zafi: mahaɗan ba su da girma, ganye ba su da girma. Girma a cikin ƙananan wurare, akasin haka, suna buƙatar zafi, a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da + 26 ° C zasu iya mutuwa. A gida, yana da mahimmanci don kula da tsarin zafin jiki.
A lokacin rana, ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya kamata ya riƙe cikin + 15 - 23 ° C, da dare - ba ya ƙasa da + 13 ° C ba.
Fesa
Nepentes fi son babban zafi, amma kuma iya daidaita zuwa bushe iska a cikin Apartment idan ya cancanta. Ba shi da daraja a cutar da shukar da shuka, ya zama dole a kula da gumi na iska a matakin jin daɗi ga mara Pentes (ba ƙasa da kashi 60% ba), in ba haka ba shuka ba zai haifar da juji ba.
Spraying ba da shawarar, tunda mummuna aibobi na iya bayyana akan ganye. An dasa shuka daga kayan girki. Yi amfani da humidifiers. An sa tukunya da daji tare da pallet tare da pebbles rigar, kusa da ita zaku iya sanya akwatin kifaye da akwatin buɗewa tare da ruwa.
Haske
Hasken rana ya zama dole ga daji don ɗaure jakan kuma ya samar da ganye. Ma'aikatan asibitin sun fi son watsa hasken wutar lantarki na kusan awanni 12 a rana. A wannan batun, kula da ƙoshin ƙoshin gida a cikin gida yana ba da shawarar sanya shuka a cikin ɓangaren gabashin gabashin ɗakin maza: a nan ne zai sami isasshen yanki na hasken ultraviolet na tsawon awanni 4 a rana.
Wannan adadin bai isa ciyayi ba, dole ne sai a kunna fitila ko kuma fitilun fitila. A kan tagogin da ke fuskantar kudu, an yiwa Nepentes girgiza saboda babu ƙonewar ganye.
Watering Nepentes
Sauƙin a cikin tukunya koyaushe ya kamata a jika shi, amma waterlogging yana da haɗari sosai ga shuka. Ruwa na Nepentes ana aiwatar da shi lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe zuwa zurfin kusan 0.7 cm. A lokacin rani, wannan yakan faru sau biyu a mako, a cikin hunturu - sau ɗaya kowace rana 10-12.
Ingancin ruwa yana da matukar muhimmanci. Ba shi yiwuwa a shayar da ruwan famfo na chlorinated, inji yana iya mutuwa da sauri. Don kare da tace ba shi da amfani: Nepentes suna da matukar muhimmanci ga sinadarin sinadari. Don ban ruwa, kana buƙatar ɗaukar ruwan kwalba mai inganci, a cikin babu ruwan sodium, ko ruwa mai narkewa. Yakamata ya zama mai rauni.
Wiwi na tukunyar
Dankin yana da tsarin tushen fasalin-dabba. An zaɓi tukunya don Nepentes mai girma wanda ba kawai tushen ya dace da shi a ciki ba, har ma lokacin farin ciki. Wasu lokuta Nepentes, kamar shuka na ampel, ana shuka su a cikin akwati rataye. An zaɓi girmanta gwargwadon sharuɗɗa iri ɗaya. Ya kamata a ba da fifiko ga kwandon filastik: ya fi sauƙi a dasa shuki a ciki.
Kasar
Domin ƙwararrun masu ƙwararrun tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ciyayi da kyau a gida, wajibi ne a zaɓi ƙasa mai dacewa don ita. Dajin yana neman kan ƙasa, don haka kawai substrate na duniya domin ba zai yi aiki ba. Dole ne a shirya cakuda ƙasa don kanmu, ɗaukar servings 6 na kwakwa da kwandon tsiro da kuma servings 8 na murƙushe sphagnum.
A cakuda an gasa a cikin tanda ko microwave haifuwa. Kada a ƙara ƙwayar Coal foda a cikin ƙasa don Nepentes. Matsayin acidity na cakuda da aka shirya ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon 4.6 - 5.6.
Taki da taki
Ga Nepentes, kawai ana yin kayan miya da kuma takin ƙasa. Sau ɗaya a wata, ana amfani da wani bayani sau da yawa don orchids ko chelates na jan ƙarfe, ana amfani da baƙin ƙarfe da boron, wanda shuka ya iya sha da kyau. Ba a daɗe da ba da takin gargajiya ta ƙananan allurai. Bayan ciyar da inuwa Nepentes.
Juyin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin
Ana dasa Nepentes a kowace shekara, a cikin bazara, lokacin da Tushen daga ramin magudanan ruwa bayyane. Shuka tana da tsarin tushen tushe.
Tushen tushen ƙazamar jujjuyawa ya bar tushe na tsakiya. Domin kada ya lalata su, an maye gurbin dasa Nepentes.
Mai jan tsami
A lokacin juyawa, ana yin daskararren abubuwa na lalata. Hanyar yana ƙarfafa samuwar sababbin harbe. Ya kamata a haɗa su a koda na bakwai. Lokacin da sababbin harbe suka bayyana bayan watanni 2, dole ne a yanke su da misalin 1/3, saboda ba su da ƙimar kayan ado, masu tarko a kansu ba su da tsari.
Tsabtace Jiki
Don kiyaye kwalliyar kwalliya a matakin da ya dace kuma kiyaye tsabtar tsabtar tsabta, tsabtace mahaifa ya zama dole.
Ya kamata ku shayar da daji tare da ruwa mai ɗumi daga wankin, kuma cire busassun matattara da ganye cikin lokaci.
Lokacin hutawa
A farkon Oktoba - rabin farkon watan Fabrairu, ragowar lokacin Neifas ya faɗi. A wannan lokacin, tsarin zafin jiki yana canzawa, tsawon lokacin awoyi na rana yana raguwa, kuma gumi a cikin ɗakin yana canzawa. Ma'aikatan asibitin a cikin gida suna amsawa sosai kan canji yanayin shimfidar wuri, yana saurin girma.
A cikin hunturu, dakatar da ciyarwa, rage adadin waterings. Ganyayyaki masu bushe da busassun ciyawa bai kamata su tayar da uwargidan ba: tare da farkawar yanayi, ƙoshin iskoki daga fako zai farka. Sabbin jarkoki za su bayyana, ganye za su yi girma, kuma dole a cire tsoffin a cikin lokaci domin kada su lalata fitowar kamannin.
Shin zai yiwu ka bar Nepentes ba tare da barin hutu ba?
Idan kun tafi hutu a cikin bazara tsawon kwanaki 10 ko fiye, tabbatar da cewa ku nemi ƙaunatattunku don kula da fure. Wajibi ne barin matattarar ruwa don ban ruwa a gaba, shirya abinci da kuma yin tsari don kula da ƙwararrun masunta. A lokacin hutu na hunturu, sukan nemi lokaci ne kawai su shayar da shuka.
Yaduwa da Nepentes
Sake bugun Nepentes dogon tsari ne mai wahala.
Girma Nepentes daga Tsaba
Ba koyaushe zai yiwu ba, saboda a gida baza'a iya samun tsaba ba, waɗanda kuma aka saya ba koyaushe bane sabo. Shuka ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙasa tayi ƙasa. An shuka su a cikin m coconut substrate ko sphagnum, aka fesa kuma an rufe shi da fim. Zai ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo don jiran harbe - tsarin zai iya jan ragamar har tsawon watanni shida ko sama da haka.
Yaduwa da Nepentes ta yanke
Yana faruwa sau da yawa. Cututtukan da ke da ƙananan ganyayyaki 3 ana yanke su daga manyan harbe. Abubuwan da aka yanke suna da ƙura tare da ƙwayar carbon. An kula da ganyen tare da mai kara kuzari wanda aka dasa shi kuma aka dasa shi a ƙasa a ƙarƙashin fim. Bayan kusan watanni 2, lokacin da aka fara amfani da tushen, ana watsa kwayar ta Nepentes cikin tukunya.
Idan tushen ya ba da sanda yayin yin tushe, ana cire tare da ƙasa.
Cutar da kwari
Tare da kulawa da ba ta dace ba, za a iya lalata kogon yara ta hanyar cututtuka da kwari. Game da matsaloli za a ga bayyanar tsiron:
- m da launin ruwan kasa spots a kan nepenthes ganye - kamuwa da cuta daga iska mai zafi (ana amfani da fungicides);
- Nepentes ba sa samar da tarko - bushe iska, ɗan ƙaramin haske (fesawa sau da yawa, saka pallet tare da pebbles rigar; sake shiryawa a cikin wurin da aka kunna);
- nepentes yana haɓaka a hankali - karamin haske (sake shiryawa a wani wuri mai haske);
- ƙone a kan ganye - karin haske (inuwa, canjin wuri);
- rot Tushen nepentes - wuce haddi danshi (dasawa cikin wata ƙasa, daidaita ruwa);
- nepentes shrinks da wilts - waterlogging (canza ƙasa, ƙasa da ruwa sau ɗaya);
- nepentes yana rawaya - karancin abinci mai gina jiki (abinci).
Wani lokacin scabs, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, aphids, da fararen fata suna shafar Nepentes. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da kwari.
Nau'in gida na gida da hotuna da sunaye
A al'adance, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan farauta.
Ma'aikatan lafiya na Nepentes na Alata
A ganye ne duhu kore elongated. Zazzage manyan jarkuna ana fentin sukun fenti, “aka yi wa ado” da adon ja. Zai iya yin haƙuri da yanayin zafi da aka rage zuwa + 12 ° C, ba tare da izinin yin zafi ba.
Ma'aikatan Alheri (N. gracilis), Rafflesi Nepentes (N. rafflesiana)
Dogon harbe suna gudana tare da elongated (har zuwa 0.5 m) manyan ganye akan ƙananan petioles. Jugs suna karami: nisa - har zuwa 0.1 m tare da tsawon zuwa 0.2 m. Fentin a waje cikin kore mai haske tare da raunin burgundy; a cikinsu suna da shuɗi.
Nasentes mai haske ja (Nepcches na biyu)
Itaciyar zaitacciyar tuffa wacce aka yi wa ado da manyan ganyayyaki masu yaduwa da jajayen kore-kore mai launin shuɗi. Tsawon jug din ya kai cm 0.15. Mafi fasalta nau'ikan nau'ikan.
Nepentes shine tsire-tsire mai ƙwari wanda ya tanƙwara kwari a cikin tarko. Ana iya ɗaukarsa a matsayin ma'aikaci mai kulawa, wanda taimakonsa yana da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin rani a gida.
Yanzu karatu:
- Chlorophytum - kulawa da haifuwa a gida, nau'in hoto
- Gloriosa - girma da kulawa a gida, nau'in hoto
- Gidan Alocasia. Noma da kulawa
- Gidan gida na - girma da kulawa a gida, hoto
- Ehmeya - kulawa ta gida, haihuwa, hoto
