Haworthia - kulawa ta gida, nau'in hoto tare da suna

Haworthia shine mafi ƙasƙanci cikin zuriyar Asphodel. Homelandasar haihuwar Haworthia yanki ne mai zafi a Afirka ta kudu, tana girma a can cikin tsaunuka da yashi a wurare masu duhu. Halittar yana da nau'ikan haworthia 150.

Tsirren tsirrai daga 5 zuwa 15 cm, adadin girma yayi ƙasa sosai. Yawancin nau'ikan haworthia ƙananan ne, amma a wasu nau'ikan diamita na kanti na iya kaiwa zuwa cm 30. Tsaran rayuwa yana daga shekaru 5 zuwa 20.

Haworthia kusan babu tushe. Ganyen tsiran fleshy da aka tattara a cikin soket ɗin na musamman ne na ado. Siffar su ta bambanta ne daban-daban: triangular, zagaye, tsare, convex, concave, da sauransu. Ganyayyaki suna da elongated da gajere. Tsarin launi yana da fadi - daga haske zuwa launin launi. Yawancin nau'ikan Haworthia akan ruwan wukake suna da balaga na girma, kuma tare da gefuna sune denticles ko cilia.

A watan Mayu-Yuni, rosette na jefa dogon fareti tare da kananan furanni masu kararrawa marasa rubutu.

Haworthia na waje yana kama da agave.

Amma duk da haka, babban mahimmancin haworthia shine ganye na ado. Kuma domin kada ya tsayar da shuka, da peduncle bada shawarar ya karya kashe.

Dankin yana ƙaunar hasken haske, amma ba tare da rana kai tsaye ba. Watering ne mai wuya rare: kasancewa na hali wakilin succulents, haworthia sami damar adana ruwa a cikin ganye na dogon lokaci.

Ba ta buƙatar tukwane masu zurfi, tun da tushen tsarin na sama ne. Girma tare da harbe a kaikaice, yara, wanda daga abin da rosettes ke haɓaka, haworthia a cikin akwati yana girma a faɗin.

Abubuwan amfani na Haworthia

Gaba ɗaya an yarda cewa abubuwa masu aiki da kwayoyin halitta da haworthia ya shiga cikin iska suna inganta yanayin iska a cikin gida. Sabili da haka, inji yana taimakawa rage jiki da tunanin mutum.

Kulawar Cancantar Cikin Gida (a takaice)

Haworthia a gida yana girma da kyau, ƙarƙashin abubuwan da ake buƙata:

Kulawar gida da Haworthia (cikakken bayani)

Kula da masu cancanta a gida kai tsaye. A inji sosai unpretentious da Hardy.

Hawarrthia

Gaskiyar cewa shuka ta sami ƙarfi don fure, tana nuna cewa tana jin daɗi, kuma kula da ita daidai ne. Amma haworthia an girma galibi saboda ganyayyaki masu ban mamaki da ban mamaki.

Whitearin furanni fari marasa rubutu a kan dogo mai tsayi basa wakiltar darajar kayan ado. An yanke farfajiyar don kada fure ya cika tsiro.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na bazara ya kusan 20 ° C. A cikin lokacin dumi, ana nuna alamun haworthians kwararar sabon iska: sanya iska a farfajiyar ko shan su zuwa baranda.

Hunturu wani lokaci ne mai tsananin sanyi, yana da kyau a rage zafin jiki zuwa 10-12 ° C.

Fesa

Kar a fesa fure haworthia a gida. Akasin haka, a lokacin shayarwa, suna tabbatar da cewa ruwa ba da gangan ya faɗa cikin ganyayyaki ba.

Haske

Haske don haworthia yana buƙatar haske, amma ya bazu, ba tare da rana kai tsaye ba. A cikin daji, ta kan ɓoye fushinta mai zafi a tsakanin duwatsu, ciyawa da ciyayi. Irin wannan hasken yana da sauki a samu akan windows da yamma. Sanya windows ta kudu ya ƙunshi shawa.

Watse

A cikin dumin yanayi, ana shayar da haworthia sau ɗaya a mako. Ya kamata ƙasa ta sami lokacin bushewa da kashi ɗaya bisa uku.

A cikin yanayin sanyi, ƙasa tana danshi sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a wata.

Haworthia tukunya

Tushen tsarin haworthia yana cikin manyan yadudduka na ƙasa. Sabili da haka, an zaɓi akwati mara ƙima da fadi da yawa, yin la'akari da haɓakar 'yar kanti.

Kasar Havortia

Soilasa don haworthies bashi da abinci mai mahimmanci, tsaka tsaki ko kuma alkaline ɗan kadan. A tsari, yakamata ya kasance mai haske, iska-da ruwa mai gudana. A kasan tukunya, sulusin abincinta ya zama dole a shimfiɗa shi.

Kuna iya siyar da "shago" ƙasa don succulents da cacti ko shirya abin da kanka. Don yin wannan, Mix a daidai rabbai Turf, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi. Don saturate ƙasa tare da iska, yana da amfani don ƙara kwakwalwan bulo.

Taki da taki

A lokacin dumi, ana ciyar da haworthia sau ɗaya a wata. Shayar da rauni bayani na taki ga succulents ko cacti.

Haworthia dasawa

Ana yin jigilar tsire-tsire mafi girma a cikin tukwane mafi girma diamita kowace shekara 2-3;

• sai suyi hakorthia a hankali, suna ƙoƙarin adana murhun dajin da yake da matsala;
• an bushe Tushen bushe da lalacewa, ana kula da sassan da maganin kashe-kashe;
• Ana saukar da abun buƙata a cikin sabon akwati, ana zubar da ƙasa ba tare da ma'abu ba;
• idan akwai abin da ya lalace daga tushen, ba zai zama ƙasa ta bushewa don hana lalacewar mako guda ba bayan dasawa.

A lokacin juyawa daga cikin shuka na uterine, za'a iya raba yara daga ciki don kiwo.

Mai jan tsami

Haworthia an yanka kawai idan ya cancanta, mafi yawa don dalilai na ado don bayar da siffar da ake so.

Lokacin hutawa

A cikin yanayin sanyi, shuka ba ya girma, ya "huta". Don cin nasara lokacin hunturu na havortia a gida, sun kirkiro wani yanayi:

• m iska zazzabi
• a 10-12 ° C ruwa kadan sau daya a wata.

Idan ba zai yiwu a ƙirƙirar hunturu mai sanyi ba, ana tsabtace tukunyar filawa ne a wuri mai haske nesa da batura mai zafi.

Shin zai yiwu ka bar ƙimar lafiya ba tare da barin hutu ba?

Saboda ƙwarewar ilimin halitta na zama ba tare da yin ruwa na dogon lokaci ba, haworthia zata iya jure hutun mai shi.

Hawarrthia daga tsaba

Yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba shine mafi tsayi kuma mafi tsarin makamashi mai ɗorewa. Yawancin lokaci ana zaban shi ta hanyar shayarwa don shayar da sababbin nau'ikan. Manoma masu son fure suna matukar sonta.

An shirya ƙasa ta musamman don shuka tsaba: yashi kogi, perlite, vermiculite an haɗe, ƙaramin ƙasa don cin nasara da ƙaramin dolomite. A bu mai kyau a kebe tukunya daban ga kowane iri. Tsaba an dan ƙara zurfafa a cikin abin da aka shirya, an rufe shi da fim kuma a kiyaye shi a cikin zafin jiki na 20 ° C. Kwanaki ta hanyar peck.

Idan an yi shuka seedlings a cikin akwati na gama gari, ana shuka tsire-tsire matasa masu watanni 6 zuwa 6 a cikin dindindin.

Havortia ke kiwo da yara

Hanyar mafi sauƙi kuma mafi yawan amfani da haihuwa. Yarinya rosettes an yanyanka a hankali daga wata uwar itaciyar da kuma kafe a cikin yashi mai cike da yashi-peat.

Yaran da tushen za su iya kasancewa a lokacin rabuwa da haworthia cikin tukunyar da ya fi girma diamita.

Farfagandar haworthia ta sare

Haworthia na iya yaduwar ganye ta hanyar ganye. Wannan hanyar tana da mahimmanci a cikin, sabanin zuriyar, tana canzawa daga mahaifiyar shuka zuwa 'yar zuwa duk halayyar ɗan adam daban-daban.

Ana cire ganyen lafiya a hankali daga mafita. An kyale kyallen takaran da za su bushe a cikin iska a cikin dakin zazzabi har na kwana biyu zuwa uku, don guje wa lalata da keɓaɓɓen gurbataccen yanayi.

Dasa kayan yana kafe a cikin cakuda ma'adinai mai ƙwaya - alal misali, yashi da perlite. Ana sanya ganye a farfajiya tare da saman gefen sama, ba tare da binne tushen ginin ba. Succulents basa buƙatar zafi mai zurfi; ganyayen ganye na iya lalacewa daga wannan. Yanayin iska ya kusan 25 ° C.

Tushen suna bayyana a tsakanin makonni 2-3 kuma sun shiga cikin substrate. Bayan wannan, ƙananan kantuna suna fara haɓaka. Lokacin da rosette ta samo asali, ganyen mahaifiyar ya mutu. Yanzu za'a iya dasa plantlet a cikin wani wuri na dindindin a cikin ƙasa talakawa don nasara.

Cutar da kwari

Haworthia ba abu bane mai mahimmanci, amma har yanzu wasu matsaloli na iya bayyana saboda kulawa mara kyau. Mafi matsaloli na yau da kullun sune:

• Tushen Havortia rot - Wuce haddi game da ruwa na iya haifar da hakan. Juyawar gaggawa zuwa wata ƙasa kuma za a buƙaci wata tukunya. Kafin wannan, yakamata sassan da yakamata a yanke kuma a magance su da maganin kashe kwari.
• Haworthia bar budewa da kuma juya kodadde - karancin hasken wuta ko zafin jiki mai yawa.
• Budurwa Haworthia ta bushe - rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko ganga ya zama ƙanana.
• Ganyen launin ruwan kasa akan ganyen haworthia - kunar rana a jiki na farantin ganye.
• Haworthia daji ya shimfida - rashin abinci ko tukunya ya zama ƙanana.
• Leavesasan ganye na haworthia sun zama mara nauyi, an sami saukin zuwa - yawan wuce gona da iri. Ya kamata a dakatar da ruwa har sai an maido da tsohon nau'in shuka.
• Haworthia ganye juya paleto ko saya sabon abu rawaya da kuma ja hues - siginar wuce haddi ta takin zamani.

Daga cikin kwari, haworthia galibi tana fama da scabies, m gizo-gizo, mealybugs, da aphids. Lokacin da suka bayyana, ana kula da shuka tare da kwayoyi masu kashe kwari.

Iri havortiya daki tare da hotuna da sunaye

An raba babban gidan da ya dace da gida uku:

• hard-leaved - a cikin wannan rukunin rukunin ƙananan ƙananan, ganye mai kauri na siffar elongated ko triangular suna "ado" tare da haɓakar convex;
• ciyawa - ƙananan ganyen ciyawa haworthia sanye take da cilia tare da gefuna;
• "taga" - ganyayyaki masu ganyen wannan nau'in haworthia suna da wuraren translucent ("windows"). Wannan wani abu ne wanda yake iya canzawa daga shuka - "taga" yana rage yankin da ganye yake cirewa kuma ya raunana tasirin hasken rana.

Wadannan nau'ikan suna cikin haworthia mai taurin kai:

Haworthia zana (Haworthia attenuata)

Haworthia yana da elongated, ko elongated, yana da dogon kunkuntar koren ganye mai hade da launin rawaya da yadudduka a bangarorin biyu.

Haworthia taguwa (Haworthia fasciata)

Haworthia taguwar fitowar tana kama da Haworthia, amma sandunan suna kan bangon ganye ne kawai, saman ganyen yana da santsi.

Haworthia luwadi (Haworthia margaritifera)

Ofaya daga cikin haworthias mafi girma, har zuwa tsayi cm 10 10. Rosette ya ƙunshi manyan, kyawawan launuka, ganye mai launin shuɗi. An rufe faranti na ganye a ɓangarorin biyu da farin tubercles mai kama da lu'ulu'u. A gefuna cikin ganyayyaki masu taushi ne. Tsawon shuka ya kai kusan 10 cm.

Haworthia reinwardtii

Tare da kulawa mai kyau ya kai 25 cm a tsayi. M kore kore ganye, gudana tare da manyan farin tubercles-growths, samar da karkace kuma ana karkata zuwa tsaye tsaye. A tsawon lokaci, ana samun kyawawan dutsen tsire-tsire a saman tukunyar. Yayi girma mai zurfin itace yana iya fara lanƙwasa ƙasa.

Haworthia limifolia (Haworthia limifolia)

Hawoltia limonifolia ya girma zuwa 10-12 cm a diamita. Tana da ganyayyaki masu duhu na kore masu duhu da launin shuɗi-kore. Sama da duka farfajiya na ganye ne bututun ƙarfe mai ban tsoro. Wannan ra'ayi yana matukar bukatar haske.

Nau'in "taga" na Haworthia sun hada da:

Haworthia retusa (Haworthia retusa)

Juyin Juyin Juyayi, tare da jijiyoyi a saman sashin, ganyen Haworthia retusa translucent ne. A ƙarshen akwai "windows" masu watsa haske. Ana tattara ganyen cikin taurarin tauraro har zuwa cm 10 cm a diamita. Launinsu launin kore ne zuwa kore-mai launin shuɗi, a cikin rana suna samin launin shuɗi.

Haworthia Cooperi

Haworthia Cooper tana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan ƙasashen waje na baƙi na Afirka. Ganyayyaki masu haske mara nauyi na waje mai kama da juna suna kamar kwallayen translucent kore da "windows" a saman, ta hanyar da haske ke shiga zurfin cikin tsiro.