Abutilon (igiya) na gidan Malvaceae ne. Yana girma a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da kwari na Kudancin Amurka, Ostiraliya, a cikin tsaunukan Afirka, har da China da Indiya.
Bayanin
Tsarin halittar ya hada da: gandun daji na zamani da iri iri; tsirrai, bishiyoyi. Suna da huhun huhun ko ciyawa. Isar da tsawo na 4 m a cikin yanayin halitta.
- A dogo mai tsayi, ana lura da villi mai laushi ko mai taushi. Yawancin lokaci ana yin harbe-harbe sosai.
- An yanke ganyen cikin lobes da yawa. Suna da kama da maple: koren duhu ko launin toka a sautin tare da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙarshen islet. Sabili da haka, abutilion yana da sanannen suna - maple na cikin gida.
- A wasu wakilai, ganye suna da rawanin yalwa ko tsinkaye. Tsawon ganyen bai wuce santimita goma ba. Ba dukkan su fasalin fasikanci bane; a nau'ikan iri dabam dabam, ganye mai kamannin zuciya.
Lokacin da fure, an kafa buds a cikin hanyar karrarawa. Durin su ya kai santimita sha ɗaya. Akwai nau'ikan terry abutilon tare da manyan fure na corolla. Furen yana da launi daban-daban (dangane da biyan kuɗi). Mafi sau da yawa, ana kafa furanni guda a cikin sinuses na greenery.
Bambancin Abutilon
Mafi dacewa iri don gida:
| Dubawa | Siffar |
| Bella | Lokacin da ya fara yin fure, toka mai ruwan hoda ko shuɗi na shuɗi ya bayyana, har zuwa cm 8 a cikin girman .. An bambanta shi da ƙaƙƙarfan shinge, ba tare da buƙatar girbewa ba. Ya girma zuwa tsawo na 0.4 m. |
| Organza | Shafe har zuwa m 1. Yana da santsi, ganye kore da manyan fure guda. Dole ne a yanke shi. |
| Bellevue | Tumbin da ke da furanni iri iri na bakan gizo. Itace mai tsalle ya kai tsayin mitoci biyu tare da kulawa da kuma kulawa ta yau da kullun. |
| Haɗa Bella | A matasan tare da manyan furanni na rawaya, peach, ruwan hoda. |
| Sello | Yana da inflorescence na sautin peach tare da jijiyoyin ruwan hoda. Yana fure daga Yuli zuwa Disamba. |
| Idon Tiger | Babban daji tare da furanni masu launin ruwan lemo mai launin shuɗi. Idan ka kalli hoton sa, ya yi kama da fitila. |
| Juliet | A cikin watanni 12 kawai, wannan nau'in ya girma zuwa 0,5. Flowering shine shekara-shekara, yana farawa watanni 6 bayan shuka. Abubuwan fure suna da yawa, masu haske, diamitarsu ya kai 6 cm. |
| Ba'amurke | Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana blooms duk shekara. Fuskarta tayi kama da wutar lantarkin kasar Sin. Sauti biyu ne: tallan yana da launin shuɗi, kuma corolla yana da ja. |
| Terry | Yana da ruwan hoda mai haske. Wannan itace mai matsakaici |
| Ganyen innabi | Yawancin furanni suna fitowa a cikin buroshi kuma suna faɗo kamar zaren a kan manyan tsummoki. Hue suna da lilac ko shuɗi. Bayyana a watan Mayu. Ganyen suna kama da innabi, Saboda haka sunan. |
| Amurkawa (matasan) | Yana girma zuwa 0,5 m. Yana da haushi mai launin ruwan kasa. Furanni suna zuwa launuka iri-iri, daga fari zuwa burgundy. |
| Larabawa | Yana blooms shekara-shekara. A buds manyan su, masu ruwan hoda. Girman yawanci baya wuce 40 cm. |
A cikin duka akwai adadin tallafin sama da 100 (Macrame, Lobelia Maranta, Neon Pink, Ornella, Variegata ko variegated, Chardon, Isabella da sauransu).
Kulawar gida
Kulawa da kowa a gida baya haifar da matsala da yawa. A cikin yanayi mai kyau, itaciyar tayi girma zuwa rufi. Yana girma da haɓaka cikin sauri. Ya isa bin shawarwari masu sauki.
Mai shuka da zaɓi na ƙasa
Da farko, igiyar tana girma a cikin tukunyar mai.
Itace tana da peculiarity: har sai tushen sa ya rufe duniya duka, ba zai fara yin fure ba.
Wajibi ne ramuka magudanar ruwa a gindin tank. Idan tushen fito daga gare su, lokaci yayi da za a yi juyawa.
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don shirya ƙasa:
- m yashi, peat, sheet ƙasar a daidai hannun jari;
- m yashi, humus, ganye, turfy ƙasa - 0.5: 1: 1: 2.
Zaku iya siyan cakulan da aka gama a cikin shagon musamman.
Zazzabi Mai Haske
Idan ba ku kula da yawan zafin jiki da ake buƙata ba a cikin ɗakin, abitilon zai fara jin rauni kuma ya bushe, yana iya juyawa zuwa rawaya. A lokacin rani yana da kyau sosai - + 25 °, a cikin hunturu - + 12- + 15 °.
A yanayin zafi kadan, dajin ya mutu.
Abutilon baya jure canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi, zafi. A + 30 ° da sama, ya jefar da petals da ganye. Hakanan, dole ne a cire tsire daga zane.
Itace bata son hasken rana kai tsaye. Zai fi kyau sanya shi a gabas, yamma, kudu maso yamma, kudu maso taga taga sills. Zai fi kyau kada a sanya shi a taga ta kudu. Rana mai haske zata cutar da shuka.
Watering da zafi
Maple na cikin gida yana son ruwa. Yana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun. Koyaya, bai kamata ka wuce da shi tare da shi ba. Yawan danshi zai lalata daji, haka kuma rashinsa.
A lokacin rani sukan shayar da ruwa sosai. Inasa a cikin tukwane koyaushe ne ɗan rigar. A cikin hunturu, idan daji bai yi fure ba, an yarda da ɗan bushewa daga ƙasa.
Babu buƙatar ba da ruwa ga itaciyar. Koyaya, idan aka samar da shi, yana girma cikin koshin lafiya, yana da ƙarfi. Spraying bada shawarar a cikin hunturu tare da zafin dumama. Idan daji yana cikin haskoki na ultraviolet, ana yin ban ruwa da yamma. In ba haka ba, saukad mai zafi a rana zai haifar da ƙonewa na kore.
Ciyar da abinci
Ana amfani da takin ƙasa don taki. Ana yin riguna da yawa a cikin bazara da kuma bazara a mako.
A lokacin furanni, ana bada shawara don amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban taro na potassium da phosphorus.
Halita da dasawa
Domin daji ya zama kyakkyawa, yana buƙatar yanka kullun a kai a kai, suna girma da sauri. In ba haka ba, shuka zai sami bayyanar “eriya” ko kuma hanyoyin zai fara ja. Buds an kafa ne kawai a kan matasa a kaikaice harbe. Kyakkyawan sa Branch da fure ana iya samun sa ta pinching saman. Bayan hunturu, itaciyar tana buƙatar sabuntawa: yanke 1/2 na kashin baya (tushe).
Ana bada shawara ga dasa abutilone kawai idan ya cancanta. Kuna buƙatar yin wannan a cikin bazara, kafin kumbura su bayyana. Ana yin juyawa sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin tukunya mafi girma idan Tushen itacen gaba ɗaya yana rufe dunƙulewar ƙammar. An koma tsofaffi zuwa sabon tukunyar cakuda-baki fiye da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar hanyar narkar da hankali, don kada ku haifar da rauni ga asalin sa.
Sake buguwa: mataki-mataki umarnin
Propagated da tsaba, mataki-mataki umarnin:
- Isasa ta narke don ƙwanƙwasa kuma mafi kyawun danshi mai riƙewa. Disinasa ta ƙarancin acidity an gurbata ta da maganin manganese.
- An shuka iri a cikin ruwa mai tsafta na awanni 12.
- Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane na fure zuwa zurfin 5 mm. An rufe tukunyar tukunya da polyethylene, an sanya shi a wani wuri mai sanyi a ƙarƙashin rana. Daga 'ya'yan itacen da aka shuka,' yan seedlings sun bayyana bayan kimanin makonni uku.
- Lokacin ƙirƙirar greenery, an dasa sprouts cikin kwantena daban tare da diamita na 7 cm.
An yi amfani da yaduwar kayan lambu a cikin watan Agusta:
- An ɗauki tushen 12 cm tare da kara mai kara. An cire ƙananan buds da ganye.
- An dasa hanyoyin a cikin ƙananan kwantena, an rufe bankunan (an kirkiro yanayin yanayin greenhouse). Bayan kusan wata daya, sai harbe-harbe suka fara yin gasa da tushe. Dole ne mu manta da aiwatar da ruwa, ban ruwa, samun iska.
- An dasa daskararrun 'yan seedlings a cikin tukwane tare da diamita ba fiye da 7 cm ba.
Cutar da kwari
Harkar kwaro na haifar da mutuwar daji. Don kauce wa wannan, dole ne a lokaci-lokaci bincika shi a karkashin gilashin ƙara girma don gaban kwari, cututtuka. Humididdigar iska a kusa da garin Abutilon. Idan kwaro ya ji rauni, ana sayan magunguna a cikin shagunan na musamman don magance shi.
Maple na cikin gida ba shi da lafiya saboda kulawa mara kyau. Mafi sau da yawa, tushen rot yana faruwa.
Amfani, fa'ida, lahani
Ana amfani da Abutilon don ado (alal misali, nau'ikan nau'in ampere suna da kyau a bangon da wani rufi mai shimfiɗa). Hakanan yana da aikace-aikacen fasaha bayan aiki. Daga gare ta ne:
- igiya burlap;
- igiya;
- babban ctex igiyoyi da saƙa mai inganci.
Abin da ya sa ya ke da ƙarin suna - igiyar. Ba shi da kaddarorin masu cutarwa, amma ga wasu mutane ya zama ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta. Akwai alamar cewa igiyar tana kawo matsala ga gida, amma wannan camfi ne kawai.
