Akwai dalilai da yawa don apples ya faɗi: cututtuka da kwari, kulawa mara kyau, tafiyar matakai na dabi'ar halitta (yawan adadin fure fure). Don kawar da waɗannan mummunan tasirin, ya zama dole don kula da shuka tare da kwari da kuma daidaita tsarin ban ruwa.
Sanadin zubar apples prematurely
Akwai dalilai da yawa don zubar da apples kafin lokaci, wanda zai iya zama mummunan tasiri na abubuwan waje (cututtuka, kwari, yanayin yanayi) ko a cikin ayyukan halitta (itaciyar ba ta iya tabbatar da tumatir na dukkanin 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma an tilasta zubar da su har yanzu kore).
Cutar da kwari
Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan sananniyar shine ci gaban rot, wanda aka kafa sakamakon lalacewar shuka da asu.
Wannan kwaro yana ɗaya daga cikin haɗari kuma, don gano shi, ya zama dole a bincika a hankali apples da a yanka su da wuƙa, idan akwai tsutsotsi a ciki, to itacen yana shafa.
Kulawar da bata dace ba
Idan itaciyar tana da lafiya, amma tuffa tana murƙushewa, ya kamata ka sake tunani game da sifofin kula da shuka, wataƙila rashi ne ko danshi mai laushi.
Idan babu isasshen ruwa, to, ciyawar tana ɗaukar shi daga 'ya'yan itacen, wanda hakan ke haifar da zubar da jini. Sau da yawa, ana ganin wannan matsalar a cikin bishiyoyin da ke girma a kan ƙasa mai sauƙi, an yi grafted kuma a kan tushen dwarf rootstocks (hanyar yaduwar ciyayi wanda zai ba ku damar shuka wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyin da ba a taɓa gani ba).
Watse
Don gano ko yana da mahimmanci don shayar da itacen apple, kuna buƙatar bincika ƙasa daga ƙarƙashin kambi, idan dunƙule ya yi ciko, yana da kyau a sanyaya shuka. Babban abin tunawa shine cewa yawan shayar da ruwa mai yawa shine yake haifar da karancin iskar oxygen, a dalilin hakan shine tushen bashi damar amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa da ciyawar.
Saboda itaciyar tayi girma da haɓaka da kyau, shayarwa sau 3 ya isa sosai, amma a kan yanayin cewa ƙasa ta jika zuwa zurfin da bai kai santimita tamanin ba. Jadawalin humaira kamar haka:
- kafin fure;
- a lokacin haila;
- kafin sanyi.
Lokacin yin ruwa, ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar abin nadi daga ƙasa tare da gefen kambi kuma a zuba ruwa tare da zobe.
Fadowa a matsayin tsari na halitta
Itacen Apple suna da fure mai fure iri-iri, kowannensu yana da damar haifar fure kusan biyar. Amma kusan kashi goma ne daga baya suka haifi .a .an. Sauran crumble lokacin ovary, ko unripe apples ana zubar da nan da nan bayan flowering.
Wasu lokuta 'ya'yan itaciyar da aka fado suna iya yin fada, wannan al'ada ce ga wasu nau'ikan: Haske, Manten An yanyanka ɓawon itacen ɓawon kuma an bar su a ƙasa.
Sauran dalilan da yasa aka zana apples a cikin gonar
- Rashin pollination mara kyau. Tunda itacen apple yana daga albarkatun gona da aka shude, yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da zabin nau'ikan da zasu iya hadi da juna. Ya kamata a saka kulawa ta musamman don jawo hankalin kwari da ke ɗaukar pollen.
- Marigayi sanyi. Lokacin da sanyi ya zo bayan 'ya'yan itacen sun saita, wannan yana haifar da zubar.
Alamomin yunwar
- yellowing na ganye;
- baƙar magana;
- apples.
Itace apple mai lafiyayye yana buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki koyaushe. Haka kuma, a kowane mataki na haɓaka, abinci na musamman wajibi ne. Alal misali, daga farkon bazara zuwa Yuni, shuka yana buƙatar nitrogen, ana aiwatar da sutura a kai a kai - sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 14. Hakanan, kar a manta cewa tushen Tushen mafi yawan aiki suna kan iyakar kambi na itacen.
Duk da'irar akwati tana buƙatar ciyarwa. Ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar ƙananan tsagi kuma zuba taki a cikinsu. Yawansa yana ƙaddara ta hanyar lura da sigogin da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Mr. Summer mazaunin bada shawarar: abin da don ciyar, don haka kamar yadda ba crumble?
Don rage yiwuwar apples fadowa lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga abubuwan waje, ya kamata a yi amfani da superphosphate. Yana ɗaukar kimanin gram 20-25 na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace lita 10 na ruwa. Taki ya zube a cikin tsagi a baya wanda aka kirkira shi a duk faxin kambi. Ga kowane mita gudu, ana zuba guga ɗaya.
Ana iya amfani da sulfate na potassium don hana 'ya'yan itace faduwa (idan tsirran ya rasa wannan abun). Ana ɗaukar gram 5-10 na samfurin kuma an narkar da shi a cikin ruwa goma na ruwa. Amfani da taki yayi kama da amfani da superphosphate.
Hakanan, za'a iya haɗa waɗannan superphosphate da potassium, to, za a rage haɗarin zubar da apples sosai.
Ikon kwaro
Thwaƙar ƙwaƙwalwa ana ɗaukar itace mafi cutarwa ga itacen apple, a tsawon lokacin zai iya mamaye kusan 'ya'yan itaciya 700 tare da larvae, don haka ya haifar da babbar illa ga itacen. Kuna iya ma'amala da wannan kwaro ta amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:
- tsaftacewa da kuma lalata ƙwayoyin abinci da daɓar toho;
- lura da tsire-tsire tare da kwari a lokacin aiki na kwari na kwari;
- gabatarwar tarkuna pheromone;
- da amfani da jami'in kula da kwari;
- namo iri dake da saukin kamuwa da kwari.
Ya kamata a lura cewa wajibi ne don tsabtace da'irori kawai a gindin, amma har ma da haushi, wanda yake da alaƙa da exfoliation, tun da magudanan za su iya shiga cikin duk wani abin fashewa.
Magungunan kwari zasu iya jurewa kawai tare da dabbakun ƙwayoyin buɗe ido, amma tunda lokacin fitowarsu ya miƙa, zai zama tilas a yi jiyya guda biyu tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki goma. Dukansu ana amfani da waken sunadarai da kwayoyin halitta. Daga cikin magungunan da suka fi tasiri akwai Admiral da Insegar.
Maƙasudin pupae ya fito daga fruitsa fruitsanyan da suka faɗi, saboda haka ya zama wajibi a tattara kayakin a binne shi a cikin ƙasa. A layi daya tare da wannan, yana da kyau a tsayar da belts na tarko daga abin da ake zaɓar igiyar ciki koyaushe.
Sauran matakan
Kusan dukkanin abubuwan da suka haifar da faduwar tuffa wanda ya rigaya zai yiwu
- Acidic ƙasa an cire shi da taimakon jiko daga harsashi na ƙwai 5-6. An shirya shi kamar haka: an sanya harsashi a cikin gilashin lita, cike da ruwa a gefuna kuma an ba shi tsawon kwanaki 3-5, har sai da ruwan ɓarna ya haifar da sifar halayen da ke lalacewa. Bayan an yi amfani da wannan kayan aikin don shayar da itacen apple, ana yinsa har sai 'ya'yan itacen su faɗi.
- Rashin mummunar tasiri na dusar ƙanƙara ana shafe ta ta hanyoyi da yawa: ana kula da itacen da maganin "Ovary", ana shayar da rawanin tare da ruwan sanyi har zuwa fitowar rana.
- Kuna iya ko da gwagwarmaya tare da shekarun itaciya - ana yin datsa a kan lokaci da rassa. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa idan kuka datsa itace ba daidai ba, zaku iya, akasin haka, sa ƙwayoyin su faɗi.
- Tare da uneven ripening daga cikin 'ya'yan itãcen, lokacin da wasu suna riga fadowa, yayin da wasu ba cikakken cikakke, yana da daraja amfani da haɓaka haɓaka. Mafi ingancin su ana ɗauka Immunocytophyte da Novosil.
Lokacin aiwatar da waɗannan matakan, yiwuwar faduwar apples yana raguwa sosai. Babban abu shi ne bin umarnin da aka bayar don kirkirar hanyoyi da dama da nufin magance kwari.
