Daga yawan nau'in tumatir da aka bawa ga lambun, iri-iri na Katyusha F1 suna fitowa ne don irin wannan hali mai ban mamaki kamar tsayayya da yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine amfani kawai ba. Tare da bayanin sauran siffofi na wannan iri-iri, yanzu mun karanta.
Bayani da tarihin kiwo
"Katyusha F1" yana nufin farkon tsara hybrids. An hada da iri-iri a cikin rajista na kwamishinan tsaro na jihar Rasha a shekarar 2007. Marubuta na iri iri ne Borisov A.V., Skachko V.A., Stocked V.M., Zhemchugov D.V. wanda ya samo asali ne mai lakabin Manul da kamfanonin iri a cikin yankin Moscow.
Shin kuna sani? Masanin kimiyya na kasar Sweden Karl Linney ya ba tumatir kimiyyar kimiyya Solanum lycopersicum, wanda ke nufin kullun peach. Aztec da ake kira wannan kayan lambu "tumatir", wanda a cikin harshen Turai ya juya zuwa "tumatir".
Bushes
Tsire-tsire na wannan matasan shine kayyade, wato, iyakanceccen girma. Daji yana da ɗan gajeren, yana tsiro zuwa kimanin 80 cm, amma a cikin greenhouses zai iya girma har zuwa 1.3 mita a tsawo. Girma a cikin wani tushe. Ganye na daji suna kore a launi da matsakaici a cikin girman.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Ploskookrugly m 'ya'yan itace daban-daban ja launi. Nauyinsa yana cikin matsakaici na 90-180 g, amma zai iya kai fiye da 300 g. Gwaran 'ya'yan itace yana da kyau kuma har ma da kyau. Ya ƙunshi 4.8% kwayar halitta da 2.9% sukari.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin daji, tumatir na girma a Kudancin Amirka. 'Ya'yan itãcen irin wannan tsire-tsire ba su wuce fiye da gram ba.
Nau'in iri-iri
Bambanci "Katyusha F1" shine tsakiyar kakar. Bisa ga rijista na Ƙungiyar Budgetary Tarayya na Tarayyar Turai "Hukumar Kasuwanci ta Jihar", an amince da ita don noma a tsakiyar Chernozem da yankin Far Eastern na Rasha. An yarda ta yi girma a cikin ƙasa mai bude kuma a cikin greenhouses. Wannan matasan yana da tsayayya ga zafi da fari, amma a lokaci guda yana jure wa ruwa da kyau. Yawan aiki, dangane da yanayin yanayi, jeri daga 160-530 kg / ha. A lokaci guda kuma, kayan samar da 'yan kasuwa daga 65% zuwa 87%. Masu girbi suna girbe daga mita ɗaya zuwa 10 kilogiram na tumatir "Katyusha F1" lokacin da suke girma a ƙasa. A cikin greenhouse, zaka iya tattara har zuwa 16 kg na 'ya'yan itace daga 1 square. m. Transportability da kuma kiyaye ingancin 'ya'yan itatuwa ne mai kyau. Sun fi dacewa don amfani da sabon amfani da kuma ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Amma amfani da waɗannan tumatir da kuma iri daban-daban.
Ƙarfi da raunana
Ma'ajiyar "Katyusha F1" ba'a hana amfani. Musamman, wadannan sune:
- jure yanayin zafi da ruwan sama;
- kyau dandano 'ya'yan itace;
- rashin koreyar kore, yankin da ba a san shi ba kusa da tushe;
- kyakkyawan tashar sufuri da kiyaye adadi;
- jure cututtuka da kwari.
Babu lahani maras kyau a cikin wannan matasan. Yana da kyau ba kamar yadda wasu hybrids, amma yana da fiye da fansa ta da ta tabbatacce halaye.Zuwa ga mahimmancin nau'in kuma ana iya sanya tumatir "De Barao", "Hoto", "Klusha" da "'ya'yan inabi na Faransa".
Yanayin shimfidar wuri
Kimanin watanni biyu kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, an dasa tsaba da tumatir a cikin akwati don samun seedlings. Zurfin saukowa - ba fiye da 5 mm ba. Lokacin da sprouts samar da biyu ganye, sprouts swoop. A bude ƙasa, ana shuka shuka ne bayan barazanar sanyi ya wuce. Ana shawarar shuka 4 bushes a kowace mita mita bisa ga makirci 50x50 ko 70x30.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da aka dasa shuki, yana da kyau a sanya jinsin da dama na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin kowace rami.
Yadda za a kula da sauti
Kula da "Katyusha F1" ba wuya. Da iri-iri yana buƙatar rashin kuskure amma yawan watering. Dole ne a halakar da weeds a lokaci-lokaci, sassauta ƙasa a kusa da bishiyoyi da kuma gudanar da ciyar. A matsayin kayan hawan ma'adinai na amfani da ma'adinai na ma'adinai, da kuma kwayoyin. An fara yin gyare-gyare na farko a mako guda bayan dasawa. A cikin lita goma na ruwa saro 0.5 lita na saniya dung da daya tablespoon na nitrophoska. A daya daji zai bukaci kimanin lita 1 na wannan bayani.
Lokacin da aka narkar da gashi na biyu na tumatir, lokacin ciyarwa na biyu ya zo. A kanta, shirya wani bayani bisa ga girke-girke: 0.5 lita na kaza taki, a tablespoon na superphosphate da teaspoon na potassium sulfate an narkar da a lita 10 na ruwa. Yi amfani da rabin lita na sakamakon ruwa a kan tumatir tumatir. A lokacin da aka kafa ƙwallon furanni na uku, ana ciyar da tumatir tare da bayani wanda aka shirya daga lissafi: wani tablespoon na potassium humate da nitrophoska da lita goma na ruwa. Ƙarin amfani shine lita biyar na cakuda da mita mita na saukowa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kwayoyin ba kawai cire kayan abinci daga tumatir ba, amma kuma sau da yawa suna haifar da cututtuka daban-daban.
Cututtuka da kwari
Kamar dukkanin matasan, "Katyusha F1" yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da ke shafi tumatir; musamman, irin su mosaic virus, cladosporiosis, fusarium. Amma don rage haɗarin cututtuka, ana bada shawara sosai don ɗaukar matakan tsaro - yayyafa bushes tare da shirye-shirye masu dacewa. Wannan iri-iri kuma za a iya kai hari ta hanyar kwari, misali, cedar beetles, wireworms, Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro, aphids, da dai sauransu. Kwayoyin cuta da kuma daban-daban biologics ana amfani da su sarrafa su.
Daga wasu kwari suna taimaka wajen dasa wasu tsire-tsire a kewaye da kewaye da shafin tare da tumatir. Alal misali, an yi imanin cewa marigolds ya bar Medvedka, kuma calendula taimaka wajen kawar da ƙafa. Da yake ƙaddarawa, ana iya lura cewa "Katyusha F1" yana da matukar dacewa don horar da iri-iri. Yana adawa da yanayin yanayin yanayi, baya buƙatar kulawa mai mahimmanci, yana da damuwa ga cututtuka, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa suna dandana kyau.
