Gyada itace madaidaiciya wacce ba'atace wacce 'ya'yanta suka karfafa garkuwar jiki, aikin kwakwalwa, da kuma juyayi. Dankin yana zaune kusan shekaru 300, an fara shigo da shi daga Girka, sabili da haka ya sami wannan suna.
Don samun tsire-tsire mai 'ya'ya, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu dokoki don dasa shuki da kula da wannan magani.
Zaɓi da wurin zama
Gyada kai babban itace. Gabaɗaya matsakaicinta shine mita 20, tsayinsa 25, kuma tsawon Tushen shine 3.5. Sabili da haka, kafin dasawa, kuna buƙatar lissafta wurin don girma. Ya kamata ya kasance a wani nesa daga gidan, in ba haka ba Tushen zai lalata tushe. Tsakanin seedlings ko tsaba dole ne a bar akalla mita biyar.
Yana da mahimmanci a tantance nau'in shuka - ta amfani da tsaba ko seedlings. Hanyar farko ita ce mafi yawan gama gari. Zai fi kyau ne a samo iri-iri da za su iya tsayayya da yanayin yankin.
Tsarin iri
Kuna iya shuka a cikin kaka ko bazara. A lokacin dasa shuki, tsawon watanni 4, ana yanyan tsaba. Wajibi ne dan tayi tayi kyankyasai. Wajibi ne a sanya zuriya a cikin kwandon tare da rigar tsintsiya ko ƙasa gaba ɗaya, har yanzu cika shi da Layer ɗaya, kuma kai shi ɗakin da zafin jiki na 0 zuwa +5. Jawo daskararren kwayoyi a kowane sati uku, kuma a sanyaya ruwan ɗanɗano. Yi wannan hanyar tsawon watanni 4. Bayan haka, aika tsaba zuwa bushe a cikin rana don kwanaki 4.
Wata hanyar dasa shuki: sanya kwayoyi a ruwa, barin a zazzabi na +10 digiri na tsawon kwanaki 5, sannan a fitar da waɗanda suka faɗi ƙasa, a kuma cire ruwa a kan ruwa. Duk sauran da suka ragu, musamman waɗanda suka yi tururi, ya kamata a aika zuwa busassun yashi don bushewa na kwanaki 4.
Tare da dasa kaka, stratification da bushewa ba su da ake bukata.
Lamarin dasa shuki da shuka
Saukowa galibi yakan faru ne a lokacin bazara, a watan Afrilu. An kwantar da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 11 santimita. Yana da mahimmanci a tari daidai, tare da ɗamara, in ba haka ba 'ya'yan nunan fari zasu bayyana shekaru 3-4 bayan hakan fiye da yadda aka saba. Kafin dasa kai tsaye, ana sanya ƙasa mai gina jiki, ta haɗu da humus.
Dasa dasa tsire-tsire masu kyau shine mafi kyawun aikata a watan Afrilu ta amfani da tsire-tsire masu shekaru 2. Bishiyoyi suna da rauni sosai, don haka dole ne a yi digging da sufuri a hankali. An yanke tushen zuwa santimita 40, kuma an yanke cut ɗin da yumɓu. Zurfin ramin shine 1 m., Diamita shine 0.5 m. Tushen tushe ya kamata ya zama kusan 4 cm sama da ƙasa.
Na farko pruning rassan faruwa a cikin shekaru biyu. Kuna iya samar da kambi na itace har zuwa shekaru 4, bayan haka kawai kuna buƙatar datsa rassan masu rauni.
Yadda za a shuka goro a cikin tukunya?
Don girma itace a cikin tukunya, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa da aka haɗa, ko saya a cikin shagon musamman. A cikin yanayin farko, kuna buƙatar ƙara santimita 30 na uku na tukunyar a cikin magudanar ruwa, sannan ƙasa.
Sanya 'ya'yan itacen da aka sarrafa a rami mai zurfin of 8 santimita, cika shi da ƙasa, sannan kuma adana shi a cikin zazzabi na +28 a kimanin kwanaki 5. Bayan an sanya tukunya a cikin ɗakin kuma ana amfani da danshi koyaushe. Sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 4, ana dasa tsiron a cikin wani akwati, an datsa sulusin tushen tsarin.
Yaya ake kulawa da goro?
Kula da tsire-tsire, da farko, kyakkyawan ruwa ne. Ana shayar da kowane seedling sau 2 a wata, a cikin lokacin zafi - sau 3. Plantaya daga cikin tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar bokiti 3 na ruwa. Bishiyoyi sama da mita 4 ana shayar da su ƙasa da ƙasa kuma ba su da yawa. Daga shekara goma, kana buƙatar dakatar da shayarwa.
Kuna buƙatar takin alkyamar sau 2 a shekara - a watan Afrilu da Oktoba. A cikin bazara, ana amfani da abubuwan da ke kunshe da nitrogen.
Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa hadaddun irin waɗannan abinci masu haɓaka suna haifar da bayyanar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, idan kun cika shi. Autar na bukatar phosphorus da potassium. Zai fi kyau saya ƙananan gidaje, tunda suna sauri su zama nau'i mai faɗi, akasin takin gargajiya. Bayan itacen ya fara ba da 'ya'ya, a cikin shekaru biyu na farko ya zama dole a daina amfani da nitrogen a matsayin taki.
Yana da mahimmanci don cire rassan da ba dole ba a lokaci. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan a farkon lokacin bazara, a bar santimita 5-7, kuma a shekara mai zuwa a yanke, a shafe su da resin itace. Tsarin tsire-tsire masu shekaru huɗu suna buƙatar cire kawai rauni da tsoffin rassan.
Kusa da akwati kuna buƙatar zuba kowane abu na kwayoyin halitta ko takin. A farkon lokacin rayuwar seedling, wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman don kiyaye danshi a lokacin rani, kuma a lokacin hunturu, mulching yana kare ƙasa daga daskarewa. Wannan yakamata ayi a cikin 'yan shekarun farko, sannan itaciyar zata iya ta da kanta.
Gyada shi ba shi da abokan gaba, tunda ƙanshinsa ya mayar da kwari, ba ya buƙatar sarrafa shi.
Mr. Mazaunin bazara: alurar riga kafi da haifuwa a cikin ƙasar
Tun da peranen ba su da tushe, zaka iya samun iri-iri da ake so kawai ta hanyar grafting shi zuwa wata bishiya. Yana da kyau cewa shuka ya kusan shekara 2 da haihuwa. Ana yi musu rigakafi idan akwai kyakkyawan iri mai kyau, alal misali, Manchurian, ko an riga an dasa shi ba ya rayuwa har zuwa tsammanin kuma akwai ingantaccen irin goro mai inganci.
Yawancin lokaci yi amfani da hanyar alurar riga kafi "budurwar ido" - an cire haushi tare da koda a cikin nau'i na bututun-bututu, an yi wannan yanka a kan jari (cut) kuma an haɗa shi da itacen. Dole ne a gyara wurin da alurar riga kafi tare da fim ko tef har sai an sami cikakkiyar warkarwa.
Kiwo a cikin ƙasa yawanci yakan faru ne daga irin shuka da aka shuka ba tare da magani ba a cikin bazara. Bayan kimanin shekaru biyu, itaciyar tana ba da fruitsa firstan farko, kuma bayan wasu shekaru takwas - riga mai girma girbi.
Don dacewa, a ƙasa akwai tebur don kula da goro:
| Kula da tsiro | Shekarun bishiyar rayuwa | |||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| Watering itace | Sau 2-3 a wata | Rage yawan ruwa har sau 2 a wata | Dakatar da shayarwa | |||||||
| Cututtukan rassan | Kirkiro kambi da datsa tsoffin rassan | Kawai tsabtace tsabtace daga rassan | ||||||||
| Takin | Phosphorus na potassium | Phosphorus-potash da takin nitrogen | ||||||||
Gyada itacen itace mai sauƙin shuka, wanda ya dace da yanayin matsananciyar wahala, baya buƙatar ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa, amma yana bada fruitsa fruitsan amfani sosai. Shuka tsire-tsire a cikin kewayen birni yana yiwuwa.
Mai amfani da blitz: don kada ku ɓata lokaci suna jiran fruitsa fruitsan farko na goro, tsire-tsire, alal misali, raspberries. A lokacin da zai girma yayi girma, ciyawan zasuyi 'ya'ya tsawon shekaru 10.
Wasu hujjoji masu ban sha'awa game da walnuts:
- Sakamakon kamanni a cikin bayyanar tare da kwakwalwa, an yi imanin cewa wani nau'in rayuwa ne na daban, a ƙarƙashin kwasfa wanda "dangi ne mai ƙarfi". Don haka zance na nuna cewa cin naman goro kisan rai ne.
- A tsohuwar Girka, ya ji daɗin darajar musamman saboda yawancin abubuwan gina jiki, amma an hana talakawa cin shi, saboda hukuma ba sa son mutane su zama masu hikima.
- A kimiyance, ba kwaya bane kwata-kwata, amma yana nufin jinsunan "drupes".
- "Yana son baƙin ƙarfe." Lokacin da ya juya, ƙusa a cikin akwati yana inganta ingancin 'ya'yan itace, yana kuma ba da gudummawa ga farkon bayyanar' ya'yan itacen.
- Kawai 400 grams kowace rana na iya maye gurbin cikakken abinci. A lokaci guda, zasu ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan da sukakamata don cikakken aiki na jiki.
- Statistics: 100 grams na gyada na iya maye gurbin 300 gr. burodin hatsi gaba ɗaya ko 700 g. dankali.
