Jatropha shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire daga dangin Euphorbiaceae. Akwai nau'ikansa sama da 170 a duniya. Yankin rarraba - Amurka, Afirka, Indiya. A cikin Rasha, ana iya samun jatropha na musamman a cikin gidajen kore ko a cikin tarin masoya na fure mai ban sha'awa.
Bayanin Jatropha
Laƙƙarfan tsiri a cikin siffar kwalban zai iya kai mita 0.5 a tsayi a yanayin girma gida. A cikin bazara, fure yana farawa har ya kasance kaka, a cikin hunturu, kafin farkon farawa, ƙwayar shuka ta fidda rai.
Jatropha fure tare da bisexual, burgundy mai haske, lemo ko furanni ruwan hoda mai duhu. Domin samun 'ya'yan itace a gaba, ya zama dole a yi pollin da kansa.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne masu faren siffa sau uku zuwa tsayin 2.5 cm.
Yawancin jatropha a cikin tebur
Yawancin sassa na jatropha masu guba ne, saboda haka babu nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri 5 da suka zama ruwan dare a cikin gida da kuma aikin gona na fure. Wato:
| Dubawa | Bayanin |
| Gout (gouty) | Gangar jikin a siffar yana kama da amphora ta Girka kuma yana girma cikin tsayi da 70 cm saboda furen. Flowersananan furanni na launin murjani, waɗanda aka tattara cikin laima. A tsawon lokaci, ganye sukan canza launin launi zuwa launin shuɗi zuwa launin matte mai duhu. |
| Kurkas | Yana da quite rare, ke tsiro fiye da 6 m tsayi. Saboda fruita fruitan itacen marmari, suna na biyu Barbados. Ana tattara furanni rawaya a cikin abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba. |
| Gaba daya matsananci | An wakilta ta daji ko bishiya har zuwa maramar 4 m. Zaɓuɓɓuka marasa iyaka suna yiwuwa a cikin samuwar kambi, saboda shuka yana haƙuri da tsunkule da kyau. Inflorescences suna da nau'in tseren tsere, tare da yin la'akari da kulawa da jatropha yana iya ikon fure shekara. |
| An watse | Lokacin da aka kiyaye shi a gida, yayi kama da ƙaramin itacen dabino mai zafi. An rarraba ganyayyaki zuwa lobes da dama tare da koren duhu, kusan launi mai launin shuɗi. |
Juya dakin jatropha
A inji shi ne picky, amma na bukatar hankali. Yakamata a kula da gida gwargwadon hutawa.
| Mai nunawa | Lokacin bazara / bazara | Lokacin sanyi / hunturu |
| Haske | Zai fi dacewa ƙirƙirar inuwa daga hasken rana kai tsaye. | Ba a buƙatar ƙarin haske ba. |
| Zazzabi | Daga +19 ° C zuwa +25 ° C. | Daga + 13 ° C zuwa +15 ° C |
| Watse | A cikin kananan rabo, ba tare da ambaliya ba. | Tsaya bayan faduwar ganye. |
| Manyan miya | Sau ɗaya a wata tare da takin zamani don succulents ko cacti. | A hutawa ba sa samar. |
Kulawar Gida don Gout Jutropha
Kula da wannan nau'in yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa. Gout ba shi da kyau ga zayyana da kuma zafin zafin jiki; sanya shi a baranda don bazara ba da shawarar ba. Babban yanayin kulawa shine kyakkyawan ruwa. Tun da tsire-tsire yana da kara wanda zai iya adana danshi, zai iya tafiya ba tare da danshi na dogon lokaci. Idan kuka shayar da fure akai-akai kuma yalwatacce, Tushen zai fara jujjuyawa, sakamakon, zai mutu. Manyan riguna na wannan nau'in kuma suna buƙatar aiwatar da su tare da kulawa sosai.
A cikin hunturu, gouty jatropha ya zubar da ganye gaba daya, an shayar da ciyar da ciyar da shi, kuma an sake fara kula da bazara.
Wani muhimmin yanayin shine ingancin ruwa don ban ruwa, dole ne a daidaita shi, a zazzabi a ɗakin. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin moisturizing.
Juyawa Jatropha
Lokacin sake sauya shuka, yana da mahimmanci a kula da girman tukunya da sabon ƙasa. Asa mai dacewa don maye gurbin ko cacti. Kuna iya haɗu da abubuwan haɗin da kanka a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1, bi da bi:
- takardar ƙasa;
- peat;
- Turf;
- yashi.
Ana amfani da yumɓu mai yumɓu, kwakwalwan bulo, perlite ana amfani dashi azaman magudanar ruwa.
An dasa jatropha a farkon bazara, da zaran matasa ganye suka fara bayyana, sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3. A lokaci guda, ƙoƙarin kada ya keta mutuncin earthen coma. An kammala dasawa ta hanyar mulching kasar gona don akwatin kifaye, ƙananan pebbles ko kwakwalwan dutse.
Jatropha kiwo
An shuka yaduwar shuka ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Yanke - yanke da sanya shi cikin haɓaka mai haɓaka. Dasa a cikin ƙasa, don lokacin shuka yana kula da yawan zafin jiki na +30 ° C. Sun jira makonni 4, sannan ana dasa su cikin kwantena masu ɗorewa.
- Tsaba - pre-gudanar da wucin gadi pollination. Bayan ripening, shuka ya watsa tsaba, don haka an ɗaure 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin jakunkuna. Ana yin shuka ne a farfajiyar ƙasa, an rufe akwati da gilashi kuma a tsabtace shi a cikin ɗakin dumi. Na farko sprouts zai bayyana a makonni biyu.
Cututtuka da kwari na jatropha
| Dalilai | Bayyanai | Matakan magancewa |
| Spider mite | Ganyayyaki ya faɗi kuma ya yi launin rawaya yayin hutun lokacin-hutu. | Jiyya tare da maganin kwari (Fitoverm, Fufanon, Akarin). |
| Thrips | Furanni sun lalace kuma sun faɗi. | Wanke da ruwa mai ɗumi kuma magance tare da kwari. |
| Tushen rot | Gaba ɗayan tushen sa ko sassan jikin sa duk sun lalace. | Rage girman ruwa. |
