Calla (Zantedeskia) kyakkyawar al'ada ce ta girma a cikin shirye shiryen lambun da a gida. Wannan fure perennial yana cikin dangin Arononic. Wurin haifuwar lanyen furannin calla shine wurare na Afirka ta kudu.
Bayanin Calla
Wani suna don tsire-tsire na Zantedesia shine saboda botanist na Italiya tare da sunan iri ɗaya. Tsarin tsirrai - cm 30-150. Ana sanya furanni marasa rubutu a saman cob-silinda.
Suna da ƙanshi mai daɗin warkarwa. Cob yana kewaye da mayafin da yake kama da fure. Kamar yadda ake fitar da shi, yana canza launi: daga fari fari zuwa kore.
Furanni na takamaiman siffar tubular tare da koren ganye mai haske mai dumbin yawa a cikin nau'ikan kibiya. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun haɗu a kan cob - ƙananan yaren berries.
Furen furanni Calla dauke da alkaloids, glycosides, tsire-tsire ne mai guba, sabili da haka, ana shuka amfanin gona cikin safofin hannu masu kariya.
Wani fasalin shahararren shuka shine tsayayya da cututtukan fungal. Furanni basu mamaye kwari ba.
Iri nau'in furannin calla lilin
Iyalin sun ƙunshi nau'ikan 8 na rhizome da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Manyan nau'ikan guda uku da nau'ikan zaɓi iri iri da yawa suna girma a cikin lambun.
| Nau'in calla | Bayanin | Yanayin girma | Iri daban-daban |
| Habasha (Aronnik) | Tall shuka tare da dusar ƙanƙan fari-fari-fure. Kasan sashin karkashin kasa shine rhizome. Bar tare da mai haske kore farfajiya, kar a mutu a lokacin dormancy. | Lokacin ciyayi masu aiki ne lokacin kaka - kaka. A watan Satumba, an haƙa rhizome. Tare tare da dunƙule na dunƙulen an adana su a cikin bushe, wuri mai sanyi. Watering yana matsakaici. |
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| Remanna | Short fure tare da kunkuntar ganye. Bangaren da ke karkashin kasa shine tarin fuka. Furanni masu launuka daban-daban - ruwan hoda, Lilac, burgundy, peach, purple. | Falls foliage a cikin fall. A cikin hunturu, yana da hutawa. An zaɓi wuraren bushewa don namo. |
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| Eliot | Shuka tare da ganye mai girma, mai nau'in gashi, mai siffar zuciya. Yana da mayafin ɗan wavy: marmara fari a ciki, ceri - a waje. Tsawon - 0.5 m. | Ya fi son dan kadan acid m ƙasa. Shuka shi a gefen rana. Fertilizing tare da takin mai magani ana gudanar da mako-mako. Yana amsawa da kyau ga gabatarwar kwayoyin. |
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Dasa shinge da kuma kula dasu a waje
An shirya wurin rana, fili mai nisa don girma fure a cikin lambu. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine dasa callas kusa da shuki, rassan itace. Zasu samar da kariya daga tsananin zafin rana. Callas ba sa yin fure a cikin inuwa.
Don samun ingantaccen samfurin, ciyawar lambu, yashi kogi, peat, humus an cakuda su daidai gwargwado. Matsayi mai mahimmanci shine halittar magudanar magudanar ruwa. Ba a yarda da su ba a kusa da wurin zama na ruwan karkashin kasa.
Zabin kayan don dasa
Da farko dai, wajibi ne a zabi nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayin girma. Wadanda akafi sani sune Calla Habasha, Remanne. Girma a cikin barin, sun mallaki kaddarorin ado.
Tubers masu inganci suna da yawa. Babu aibobi, denti akan su. Lokacin sayen kayan dasawa, yakamata ku bincika kowace tuber. An tabbatar da inganci ta shagunan fure na musamman, nune-nune na kiwo, bikin, wuraren kiwon dabbobi.
Dasa kayan yana cikin kwanciyar hankali. Lokacin bayyanar shine minti 10-40. Mashahurin biofungicides sune Phytosporin, Gamair, Gliokladin, Alirin-B.
Fasali
Fasaha tana da wasu halaye:
- Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka a cikin ƙasa shine farkon Mayu. A wasu yankuna, ana jinkirta lokacin zuwa kwanaki 7-14 saboda tsananin sanyi.
- A yankin da aka haƙa, an kafa ramuka masu zurfin dm 1 dm.
- Tubers an pre-bi da tare da girma stimulator - potassium nitrate, superphosphate.
- Seedlings kafin dasa shuki taurara 7-10 kwana.
- An shimfiɗa rufin magudanar a ƙasan dimple - pebbles, yumɓu mai yumɓu, gwanayen bulo.
- Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire makwabta shine 40 cm.
- Lokacin dasa shuki amfani da taki ma'adinai (diammofosku) - 30 g / m2.
- Tubers an sanya shi a cikin rijiyoyin da aka shirya.
- Seedlings yafa masa ƙasa.
- Shayar da samuwar ganyen farko.
- Rijiyoyin tare da tsire-tsire masu ɗumi nan da nan bayan dasa.
Watering, takin, takin
Bayan sun sauko da furannin calla a cikin ƙasa, sun jira kwanaki 14. Tsammani kasar gona don samar da tsarin tushen lafiya, yana hana ruwa shiga cikin tubers kai tsaye. Ana yin shayarwa ta gaba bayan samuwar ganyen farko na gaskiya.
Isasa ta jike mako-mako. A cikin fari, yawan ruwa yana ƙaruwa. Bayan da aka yi ruwa, ƙasa a hankali aka kwance. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da kayan lambun. Watering an tsara shi kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe.
Manyan riguna suna saurin girma da bunƙasa, da samuwar farfajiyoyi. Kwanaki 14 bayan dasawa, ana amfani da takin zamani don tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka. Kowane wata, ana shayar da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin callas tare da bayani na ruwa tare da acid - acetic, citric ko succinic (20 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana narkar da a cikin 10 l na ruwa).
Hanyar don adana tubers
A cikin bazara, shirin callas don hunturu yana farawa. Tubers an tsince su daga ƙasa a cikin shekaru goma na uku na Satumba, kafin farkon sanyi. An tsabtace da ƙazanta, a hankali ba tare da lalata Tushen mai rauni ba. Sannan a nutsar dashi a cikin maganin potassium permanganate: lu'ulu'u 5-6 a kowace gilashin ruwan dumi. Liarshen ganye ya ragu. Bayan rabin sa'a sai su fitar dashi, a bushe a duhu.
Makonni biyu da aka adana a zazzabi na + 5 ... +15 ° C. Saboda ganyayyaki an basu abinci mai gina jiki. Tushen ƙanƙan da ke yanke daga bushe tubers, barin yara don dasa shuki. Rashin inganci a cikin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar potassium.
Cire su a cikin hunturu ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kwantena na takarda. A gida, suna amfani da firiji don gyarawa, an sanya su a cikin gansandan sphagnum.
Ana bincika Tubers a kowane mako. Lokacin da aka kafa kodan farko, ana dasa furannin calla a cikin tukunya. Auke a matsayin fure mai fure. Bayan barazanar sanyi, saka a cikin ƙasa.
Yaduwa daga lambun calla lilin
Dukkanin furannin furanni yana samuwa ga kowane mai lambu. Hanyoyi:
- iri;
- tsire-tsire - tsire-tsire na haifuwa, rarrabuwa daga tushe, daji.
Tsaba
Ana amfani da irin wannan yaduwar don haifar da sababbin nau'ikan sabon abu. A matsayinka na iri, zaɓi shuka mai ƙarfi, mai lafiya, bar kunne. Bayan bushewa, tsaba sun girma. A inflorescence ne a yanka, tarwatsa cikin sassa. Suna dauke da tsaba. Ana yin tattarawar tare da taka tsantsan.
Don awanni 6, ana adana tsaba a cikin kayan haɓaka mai ban sha'awa - Emistim C. Na tsawon sati ɗaya ana sa su a cikin ɗanye mai taushi. Sa'an nan sanya shi a cikin shirye substrate. Ka a cikin wurin dumi. Plantedwarin da aka shuka masu ƙarfi ana shuka su ne a ƙasa. Lokacin da ya dace shi ne ƙarshen Mayu.
Kayan lambu
Rhizome rabo ya dace da filayen calla na Italiya. Yi shi a cikin fall. Ku rarrabe wuyan shuka daga tushen tsarin. Adana a cikin duhu mai duhu tare da babban zafi a zazzabi na +15 ° C. A lokacin hunturu, ana kafa tushen lafiya. A ƙarshen lokacin bazara, an shirya iri don dasawa a shafin.
Yaduwa ta Tuber ita ce hanya mafi dacewa. Haɓaka kayan dasa kayan lafiya suna motsa shi ta hanyar shirye-shirye na musamman - Humate, Fumar, Succinic acid.
Tubers an sanya shi a cikin kwantena tare da ingantaccen mai. Kula da yanayin zafin jiki +25 ° C. Shayar kamar yadda ƙasa ta bushe. Tare da zuwan bazara, corms suna zurfafa a cikin ƙasa ta 10 cm.Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar hanzarta fure.
Aikace-aikacen ƙira
Girgiza kansa, callas ya samar da wata katifar fure mai fure. An zaɓe su don ƙirƙirar abubuwan kirkire-kirkire. Ana sanya callas a gefen hanyoyin dunƙule, wanda aka gada ta hanyar gadaje na fure, gadaje na fure, wanda aka dasa kusa da tafkunan baka. Ana amfani da nau'in tall a cikin kayan rubutu guda ɗaya.
Haɓaka furanni masu ban mamaki da keɓaɓɓu da kuma kula da callas a cikin ƙasa shine tsari mai arha. Sakamakon zai zama kyakkyawa ado na infield.
