A nuances na girma farin kabeji don seedlings, a filin bude da kuma a cikin greenhouse

Farin kabeji shine storehouse da bitamin da kuma ma'adanai. Kuma idan a baya a kan makircinsu, ta sadu da wuya sosai kuma tana da lakabi na al'adun da ke da sauri, yanzu haka wasu masu karuwa suna karuwa da wannan kayan lambu mai ban mamaki. Duk abin da ake buƙata shi ne fahimtar yawan nuances lokacin da girma farin kabeji, kuma girbin amfanin gona bazaiyi tsawo ba.

Daga labarin za ku koyi yadda za ku shuka iri a cikin ƙasa don samun amfanin gona, yadda kabeji ke tsiro, shuka shi da abin da, wace fasaha na shuka da kulawa da yawa, da kuma za'a iya girma a cikin wani lambu ko gida a cikin ƙasa.

Yadda zaka shuka kayan lambu?

Farin kabeji m thermophilic shuka. Ka tuna wannan a kowane matakai na noma, daga dasa shuki don girbi. Kwararrun lambu sun saba a kan yawan zafin jiki na girma farin kabeji seedlings.

Wadansu suna cewa yana bukatar a taurare domin tsire-tsire za su yi amfani da yanayin zafi a cikin sanyi kuma a shirye su don jin sanyi a cikin bazara da lokacin rani, yayin da wasu sun yi jayayya cewa overcooling da seedlings zai raunana shi, kuma daga baya a kan mai harbi ko babu 'ya'yan itace (inflorescences ).

Dukansu gaskiya ne. Duk ya dogara ne ga yankin na namo na kayan lambu. Duk da haka, mafi yawan tsaba na kabeji don seedlings a cikin gine-gine zai zama mafi kyau, yayin da iska ta warke a lokacin rana zai kare kananan shuke-shuke daga overcooling, amma zai fara tsarin gyaran ƙarfe. Mature tsire-tsire suna jin dadi a zafin jiki na 15-25 ° C. Wannan ita ce iyakar mafi kyau don yin siyarwa da kuma girma daga shugabannin kabeji.

Ba mai ban sha'awa ba, kuma duk tare da watering. Farin kabeji bai yi haƙuri da bushewa na ƙasa ba, kamar yadda yake da tushen tsarin fibrous na kasa, amma kuma yana ci gaba da mummunan aiki. Rashin matsanancin zafi yana raguwa da rawar da kai ya haifar da aiki da tushen tsarin. Ana bada shawara don shayar da tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a mako kuma don cike ƙasa.

Yana da muhimmanci! Tun da tushen tsarin farin kabeji na kasa, ba'a bada shawara don sassauta ƙasa a karkashin shuka - amfani da ciyawa. Wannan zai kiyaye mutunci daga tushen sa kuma tabbatar da ingancin ƙasa.

Farin kabeji yana son girma a wurare masu haske., amma a lokacin da ke ɗaure kawuna, halarci shading. Sa'an nan samfurin samfurin zai zama mai yawa da yawa. Ana yin gyaran gyare-gyare mafi sau uku sau uku: mako guda bayan saukowa ƙasa kuma sau biyu tare da wani lokaci na makonni biyu. Da zarar shugabannin suka fara haɗuwa, dole ne a dakatar da ciyarwa.

Zabin yanayi

Zaɓi mafi kyawun kayan aiki - wannan shine mabuɗin don girbi na gaba. Kana da zaɓi 2:

1. saya daga masu sana'a;
2. girma kanka.

Kudin jaka na tsaba yana daga 15 zuwa 20 rubles. domin farin kabeji iri-iri da suka gabata kuma isa 70 rubles kuma mafi don ƙananan ɗakunan. Kuna yanke shawara, amma akwai yiwuwar cewa abinda ke ciki na jaka ba zai dace da saiti a kan kunshin ba. Zaba kawai masu yin amfani da masu lafazi da suna da kyakkyawan suna (wanda nau'in farin kabeji shine mafi kyau da kuma yadda za a zaba tsaba mai kyau, karanta a nan).

Hanya na biyu ita ce girma da tsaba na farin kabeji da kanka. Akwai matsala a hanya:

• Kare kariya da wasu nau'in.
• Kada ku bar iri iri a kan tsaba - sababbin tsire-tsire ba zasu sake maimaita halayen iyayensu ba.
• Tsire-tsire bar kafin tsaba ripen ya kamata a ciyar da phosphate-potassium da takin mai magani a farkon budding.
• Bishiyoyi tare da tsaba suna rakewa sosai. Tattara su kamar yadda suke juya launin ruwan kasa, kuma su bar su su yi raguwa har sai halves ya bayyana. Mature a gaban wasu yawanci shine mafi kyau.

Rayuwar shiryayye na farin kabeji shine shekaru 4-5, amma tuna cewa kowace shekara ingancin tsaba rage-rage.

Don seedlings

Farin kabeji, musamman farkon kayan da aka bada shawara a girma ta hanyar seedlings.

Zaɓin lokacin saukowa

Yayinda za a dasa kabeji a kan tsire-tsire don kada shugabannin cabbages su fara? Don haka, don samun amfanin gona, kana buƙatar sanin ainihin watan lokacin da kake buƙatar shuka kabeji kan bishiyoyi. An shuka nau'in farin kabeji na farko a watan Maris, tsakiyar marigayi - daga Afrilu 10 zuwa Mayu 10, da iri iri - daga Mayu 25 zuwa Yuni 10.

Shiri na tanki da ƙasa

Farin kabeji ba ya son ɗaukar, An yi shuka iri a nan da nan a cikin kofuna dabam. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to, tabbatar da cewa nisa tsakanin tsirrai, don haka lokacin da aka ɗauka, zai yiwu a karbi tsire-tsire tare da dunƙuler ƙasa ba tare da damun tsarin tushen ba.

Na gina jiki ƙasa an shirya daga cakuda lowland peat, humus da yashi. Barci barci cikin tanki don saukowa. Ƙasa kafin dasa shuki ya zama dan kadan. Yada shi da wani bayani na potassium permanganate don rage hadarin cututtuka na seedling.

Shuka

Tsaba kafin dasa shuki ana bi da su a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate. Za a shuka shuka a zurfin 1-1.5 cm Don kauce wa lalata seedlings tare da kafa baki, zaka iya yayyafa ƙasa bayan dasa shuki tare da ragar bakin ciki na yashi mai kyau. A saman akwati da aka rufe tare da fim ko gilashi kuma sanya a kan wani sill mai haske. Idan windows sun fuskanci arewa, hasken wuta bai isa ba kuma za a janye bishiyoyi. Don kauce wa - tsara nuni na seedlings.

Kula

Kafin fitowar harbe zai iya tsayayya da kwantena a dakin da zafin jiki, amma bayan an canja seedlings zuwa daki da zafin jiki na 10 ° C, kuma bayan mako daya an ɗauke su zuwa 15 ° C. Farin kabeji seedlings suna m zuwa spraying a cikin lokaci na 2-3 gaskiya leaflets tare da 0.2% bayani na boric acid da kuma 0.5% bayani na ammonium molybdate.

Noma zuwa kasa

Lokacin da aka kafa seedling a cikin seedlings, kuma yawancin zazzabi kullum ba zai fada a kasa 12 ° C, dasa tsire-tsire ba a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi kamar 60 cm ta hanyar 30 cm makirci, ƙara kumbura na toka a rijiyar.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da dasa shuki, kada ku binne tsakiyar. Wannan zai haifar da asarar girbi na gaba. Yayyafa da seedlings zuwa na farko zanen gado.

Nan da nan bayan dasa shuki mai farin kabeji yana da amfani don rufe masana'antar nonwoven don 'yan kwanaki. Wannan zai ba da ƙarin kariya ga tsire-tsire marasa girma.

Hotuna

Sa'an nan kuma zaku iya ganin hotuna na girma farin kabeji a filin bude da kuma cikin greenhouse:

Inda zan yi girma?

A cikin ƙasa mai bude

Farin kabeji, wanda ya bambanta da danginsa na fari, ya fi buƙata akan yanayi mai girma a cikin ƙasa a ƙasa mai bude. Wasu lambu suna koka cewa kayan lambu masu kyau da kyau masu kyau a gonar basu da shugabannin.

Mene ne dalili? Yadda za a shuka seedlings don samun amfanin gona? Za mu bincika a cikin karin bayani. Yanayin zafin jiki na dadi don ci gaba da shuka da saitin kai yana da ƙananan kananan daga 10 zuwa 25 ° C. A bude ƙasa, seedlings ana shuka su ne ba a baya fiye da matsakaici yawan zafin jiki na kullum na 12-15 ° C. Jumps da zafin jiki saukad da mummunan tasiri game da saitin shugabannin da ingancin su.

Watering sau ɗaya a mako a cikin rabon lita 10 na 1 sq. M. A lokacin zafi, ƙarin gyaran ƙasa zai iya zama dole, tun lokacin farin kabeji ba ya jure wa bushewa daga cikin ƙasa yadudduka. Amma ka tuna cewa "fadin" bai kamata ba. Dandana masu bada shawara sun bada shawarar yin amfani da ciyawa. Zai samar da matakan da ake bukata na ƙasa mai laushi da gabatar da karin kayan gina jiki.

Farin kabeji yana dacewa da hadi. Lokacin da girma a bude ƙasa, fertilizing ne da za'ayi 3-4 sau da kakar tare da ban ruwa. Tsire-tsire suna amsawa sosai don yin bayani kan tsuntsaye (1:15) ko mullein (1:10).

Yana da amfani wajen ciyar da takin mai magani ma'adinai., wadatar da ƙasa tare da macro da microelements. Bayan tying kawuna (idan baza'a yi amfani da tsire-tsire ba don girbi tsaba), ana ciyar da abinci.

Ana kwantar da ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire yana da kyau sosai, yana ƙoƙari kada ya ɓata tsarin tushen.

Ka tuna da buƙatar shred farin kabeji kai, sabõda haka, inflorescences ne mai yawa da fari. Don yin wannan, ƙulla wasu ganyen shuka tare da igiya ta tsakiya don su rufe kansa daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Bayan kwanaki 5-10, zaka iya girbi.

A cikin greenhouse

Idan mai farin kabeji ya girma a cikin greenhouse, to sai ka zaɓi iri da suka fi dacewa don wannan hanya. Kula da irin waɗannan nau'ukan kamar:

1. "White Castle".
2. "Bayyana".
3. "Movir-74".
4. "Regent".
5. "Yako."

Ɗaya daga cikin amfanin da girma ganye farin kabeji shine yiwuwar samun girbi biyu ta kakar. An dasa shi a ƙarshen lokacin rani, seedlings suna da lokaci don ƙulla kawuna kafin farawar sanyi.

A lokacin da kake girma farin kabeji a cikin wani greenhouse, zaka iya amfani da amintattun shawarwari don aikin gona a fili, amma ka lura da wasu ƙarin yanayi:

• Yin amfani da greenhouse da kuma hana overheating daga sama sama 25 ° C.
• Ana gudanar da tsire-tsire a farkon safiya.
• A lokacin da kake yin gyaran gyare-gyare, yi amfani da takaddun da ke dauke da nau'in macro da micronutrients.

Amfani da waɗannan matakai masu sauki, kuna da tabbacin samun mai kyau mai farin kabeji.

Zai yiwu a yi haka a gida?

Ciyar da farin kabeji a gida yana da damuwa.

1. Kula da hankali da zazzabi da zafi a dakin. Jirgin ba dole ba ya bushe.
2. Shirin tushen tsarin farin kabeji yana da kasa kuma ba a ci gaba ba. Kula da hankali ga ƙasa.
3. Kada ka bari ƙasa ta bushe a cikin akwati, samar da malalewa.
4. Farin kabeji don ci gaba mai kyau yana buƙatar wuri mai duhu ba tare da fasali ba. Ba ya jure wa kusa da mafi girma ko shading ta al'ada.
5. Sau da yawa a kowace kakar, takin tare da takin mai magani ma'adinai.

Farin kabeji girma a kan baranda zai yi ado da mini kitchen lambu.

Cututtuka

Idan wanda ba yarda da ƙwaya na shuke-shuke na farin kabeji ba, cututtuka suna iya fuskantar cututtuka.

1. Farin fari - Cutar cuta wadda aka rufe ta da farin farin. A shuka rots. A cikin sadarwar kai tsaye, ana canja shi zuwa wasu tsire-tsire.

   Rigakafin cutar ita ce lura da gyaran gona a kan shafin (shekaru 3-4). - Kila - rinjayar tushen tsarin kabeji. Tsire-tsire tsayawa girma kuma ya mutu. Wannan cutar ba a bi da ita - duk tsire-tsire da aka shafa suna nan da nan kone su. Kuma a kan ƙasar da aka gurbata ba su yi girma ba don shekaru biyar.

2. Black kafa - Kwayoyin suna da cutar ta musamman. An bayyana a waje a cikin blackening da softening na tushe na tushe.

   Dalilin shine cin zarafin agrotechnology:

   • matsanancin danshi;
   • zafin jiki saukad da;
   • thickening landings.

   Don rigakafi, bi da ƙasa da 1% bayani na potassium permanganate, potassium permanganate ko Fitosporin. Sayi seedlings kawai daga masu sayar dasu.

3. Mucous bacteriosis - farawa da bayyanar launi na ruwa a saman kansa, sai dai ya juya ya juya tare da wari mai ban sha'awa.

   Idan kuturu ne kawai a mataki na farko, to za'a iya yanke yankin da ya shafi abin da zai shafi lafiya. A cikin yanayin sauƙin shan kashi na shuka shi ne mafi alheri ga tsaga da ƙone.. Dalilin cutar shine matsanancin danshi. Yin rigakafi - lura da tsire-tsire tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur.

Jarabawa

Abubuwa mafi yawan kwari na farin kabeji shine: kabeji kwari, ƙuƙƙwarar ƙuƙumma, aphid, tsalle-tsalle da kullun.

Magunguna masu amfani don hallaka su la'akari:

• "Malathion".
• Aktara.
• "Decis".
• "Entobacterin."
• "Leptidocide".
• "Karate" takwarorinsu.

Wadanda suke so su rage girman tasirin sinadaran, amfani da magunguna. Alal misali, pollination na kabeji da toka, taba taba, magani ganye da jiko na tumatir fi da dankali. Kamar yadda masu fama da kwarewa suka ce, kwayar tsire-tsire ba ta shafi kwari.

Ƙarfafa shuke-shuke masu farin kabeji tare da maganin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke ƙara yawan ciwon daji da kuma jurewar cututtuka:

• Immunocytophyte.
• Immunophyte.
• Sodium HUMATE

Farin kabeji - ainihin lu'u-lu'u tsakanin amfanin gonawanda za'a iya samuwa a cikin gonar gonarmu. Kuma idan mafarin zai iya tayar da tambayoyi tare da noma, to, karnun daji, bayan sunyi nazarin shawarwarin wannan labarin, zai yi kyakkyawar aiki kuma zai yi farin ciki tare da 'yan uwansu tare da jin dadi masu farin ciki da jin dadi. Yanzu kun san yadda za ku yi girma da kabeji don ku sa shugabannin kawuna da girbi mai kyau.