Ratibida wata itaciya ce mai haɓaka tare da ingantaccen inflorescences mai kama da sombrero. Yankin rarrabawa yanki ne mai yawa daga Meziko zuwa Kanada, amma kuma yana jin dadi a cikin latitude na Rasha. Furen ba a fassara shi ba a cikin kulawa da ingancin ƙasa, yana tsayayya da yanayin bushewa da yanayin yanayin zafi. A cikin ƙasar, an fi saninsa da hula ta Mexico ko fure mai fure.
Itatuwa ya kai tsawo na cm 120 tare da ruwan ganye na tsawon cm 3-12. Furanni sun girma a farkon lokacin bazara kuma zasuyi har zuwa kaka. Corearancin mai siffar mazugi, wanda ke nuna 2-3 cm, an ɗauka shi ne ta hanyar fure ya faɗi ƙasa. Launi na iya zama burgundy, rawaya ko haɗawa.
Nau'in ratibida da halayensu
Bakwai nau'ikan wannan shuka an san su, amma masu lambu suna girma biyu kawai daga cikinsu:
- Canza-mai-dimbin yawa - tsayi mai tsayi 1 m. Fusoshin da ke kewaye da furanni suna da launuka masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi, furen kuma ja, burgundy ko rawaya. Ana ɗaukar daskararrun daskararrun kan iyaka ta bakin teku, rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. Godiya ga ƙwallon ƙafa na 3-5 cm mai ban sha'awa, kallon yana kama da shahararren hat ɗin Mexico.
- Cirrus - mafi yawanci ana girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara, mai tsayi 1.5 m. Bar ganyayyaki, siffar lanceolate-cirrus. Kayan fure mai kama da kwandon launin rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa. Smallan ƙaramin abin haɓaka ya haɓaka sama da inflorescence.
Duk waɗannan nau'ikan suna da ƙanshin ƙanshi.
Lambun sun fi son noma ratibida, tunda daji, tare da kulawa mai kyau, fure daga Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Satumba kuma zai iya girma a wuri guda na kimanin shekaru biyar. Ko da a rashin kulawa, zai yi girma kuma ya yi farin ciki tare da fure, saboda yana yaduwa ta hanyar shuka kai.
Girma da yaduwar fure daga cikin fure ratibida
Ratibida ba a fassara shi sosai a cikin haihuwa. Hanyoyin da aka fi amfani dasu sune: shuka iri, kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, seedlings. Ya danganta da yanayin yanayin zafi, lokaci da hanyar dasa, shuka zai yi fure shekara mai zuwa ko iri ɗaya, amma daga baya.
Tsaba
Korar alkinta da cirrus ratibida daga tsaba a cikin ƙasa ta fara da shuka a farkon bazara, kuma a watan Fabrairu tare da canjin yanayin. Za'a iya sayan abu don dasa shuki ko samu da kansa. Tarin cikakke hatsi-launin ruwan kasa ana aiwatar da su ne daga lalatattun ƙarancin inflorescences tare da mazugi mai duhu. Suna girma a ƙarshen kaka.
Shouldasa ta zama uniform, ta kwance kuma ba tare da lumps ba. Don haɓaka tsaba ratibida yadda yakamata, an shuka su a cikin tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai ɗanɗanar ruwa. Koyaya, yana girma da kyau a kowace ƙasa, babban abin magana shine cewa ƙarshen ya kamata ya kasance ma rigar. Ba'a ba da shawarar shuka shuka kusa da tafkuna. Wajibi ne a shuka a cikin gadaje 2 cm zurfi a nesa na cm cm 8. Ana ba da shawarar ruwa kawai idan hunturu ba dusar ƙanƙara ba.
'Yayan itace
Danshi don dasa shuki ana bada shawarar a yankuna masu sanyi. Shuka a ƙarshen kaka ko farkon lokacin bazara:
- An rarraba tsaba a kan magudana, m (amma ba rigar) takin, yafa masa wani yanki na substrate kuma sanya shi a cikin wurin sa haske.
- Yana da mahimmanci don kula da yawan zafin jiki na + 20 ... +25 ° C. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, seedlings zai tashi cikin 'yan makonni.
- Zuwa cikin tukwane ana yin sa ne bayan bayyanar ganye na biyu akan tsiro.
- Sa'an nan kuma ana canza shuki zuwa ga koren shinkafa. Tana da halin makonni biyu, saba da budewar yanayi da rana. Lokacin da ya zama mai karfi sosai don dasawa cikin ƙasa, ana shayar da sa'o'i 2 kafin dasawa.
- Sannu a hankali sakewa daga tukwane, ba tare da fasa dunun dajin din ba, an sanya su a cikin ramuka da aka riga aka hako su daidai kuma an yayyafa shi da qasa. Dole ne a zurfafa wuyan tushe sama da 2 cm.
Raba Bush
Ana amfani da hanyar rarrabe daji sau da kafa kuma kawai ga ratibida mai mulkin mallaka, tunda yana da tsarin tushen-sarke mai zurfi, kuma a cikin yanayin ma yana da matukar taushi. Ana amfani dashi don sake farfado da bushes. Wani ɗan daji mai shekaru 4-5 da haihuwa a hankali ya haɗu kuma ya raba ta tsakanin saiti ko wuƙa, ba tare da rushe ƙasa daga tushen ba. Matsayi mai dacewa na sassan da aka raba dole ne iri ɗaya. Domin shuka ya dauki tushen sauri kuma ya fara, ya kamata a shayar da shi akai-akai.
Yankan
Hakanan ba kasafai ake amfani da yankan ba, tunda ratibida yake yaduwa ta yaduwa. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin Mayu-Yuni har sai an samar da buds. An yanke cutukan a tushe kuma ya makale a cikin koda mai laushi. Yayyafa shi saman da yashi sannan ya rufe da kwanon. Bayan kwanaki 14-20, tushe yana da tushen sa. An sanya lingsyan itace a nesa na 30-35 cm daga juna.
Dokokin Kulawa na waje
Kulawar ta kasance mai sauqi, kuma har ma wani lambu mai yawan gwaninta ba zai iya jure shi ba.
Furen fure ba ya buƙatar ɗaukar ruwa akai, ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai idan akwai tsananin fari fari, sannan a ƙaramin abu. Wateauka da sauƙi ana shayar da ruwa a lokacin furanni.
Ingancin ƙasa ba ya shafar ci gaban furen, duk da haka, idan ƙasa ta cika, kafin a samar da buds, an gabatar da hadaddun ma'adinai, amma a cikin kowane yanayi.
Shuka tayi haƙuri da hunturu sosai kuma baya buƙatar tsari. Shiri don lokacin sanyi ya rage wa yankan yanki daga tushe.
Yin rigakafin kwari da cututtuka
Dankin yana da matuƙar tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari. Barazanar na iya zama rashin kulawa ne kawai. Don haka, gumi mai wuce kima yana kaiwa ga harin mildew powder ko aphids. Saboda haka, ana hana ruwa akai-akai, kuma an tsabtace yankin da tarkace na shuka. Isasa tana takin ƙasa tare da ma'adinin ma'adinin da ke ɗauke da potassium da phosphorus kuma mulched da peat.
Masu zanen shimfidar wurare sun fi son shuka ratibid kusa da rudbeckia da echinacea. Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar jerin abubuwan shuka. Hakanan, ana bada shawarar sanya fure a cikin shinge tare da tsire-tsire na murfin ƙasa.
