Leucanthemum (chamomile lambu): dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin filin budewa

Leucanthemum (daisy lambu) na gidan Astrov ne, kafin wannan lokacin ana kiran shi Chrysanthemums. Dangane da tushe daban-daban, kwayoyin sun hada da nau'ikan 2-7 dozin iri biyu. A cikin yanayin halitta yana zaune a yankuna masu zafi na Asiya da Turai.

Bayanin da fasali

Furen ba shi da fitsari mai launin toka, kamar chrysanthemums. Rashin kamshin halayyar su. Bayani na rarrabe na nyvyanik:

tsayi zuwa 0.6 m;
rhizome na waje;
kafa kafada tare da fuskoki;
muhimmi da kara ganye a kan elongated petioles;
lobed ko serrated faranti;
inflorescences a cikin hanyar hemisphere, haɗe cikin garkuwa;
lemun tsami tubular buds an tattara cikin kwanduna a tsakiyar;
furanni sun ci gaba, ciyayi na karya, dusar ƙanƙara mai-fari tare da gefen.

Leucanthemum na fure sau 2 a shekara: a watan Mayu da watan Agusta. A Satumba, tare da farko na sanyi, da buds Fade.

Leucanthemum tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire. Dukkanin nau'ikansa suna da kwalaye mai gefe mai gefe daya. A cikin samfurann manya-manyan fenti, suna shuka da isasshen rana. A cikin inuwa ko m inuwa, iri ba ya fara kafawa;

Speciesananan ƙananan ƙananan fitila suna da rauni zuwa rashin haske mai haske. Don haɓaka mai saurin girma, sako-sako, matsakaici ko ƙasan alkaline ana buƙatar: sandy loam ko loam.

Bambanci na nyvyanik daga camomile daji:

manyan buds;
m faranti a yawancin iri;
dogo, madaidaiciyar akwati ba tare da yin jifa ba
akan 1 harba fure daya kawai.

Duk da cewa nivyanik ana kiranta dayan lambu, tsire-tsire ne kawai dangi.

Nau'in Leucanthemum

Kawai wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire ne ake horar dasu:

Dubawa	Bayanin	Bar / Furanni	Iri daban-daban	Siffofin furanni, lokacin samuwar buds
Na kowa	Perennial har zuwa 1 m ba ga tsawo. Tsayayya da fari, mai jure yanayin inuwa.	M, tare da hakora tare da kewaye. Mai sauƙi, tare da tubular, cibiya mai launin rawaya, filayen dusar ƙanƙara mai fararen fata a cikin yanayin reeds.	Maxim Koenig.	Diamita 8-12 cm. Mayu-Yuli.
			Mayu Sarauniya.	Rabin Terry. Springarshen bazara-farkon watan Agusta.
			Sanssouci	Babban, terry, lemun tsami a tsakiya. Shekaru na biyu na bazara.
Mafi Girma	Ya girma zuwa 1 m. Muhimmin fasalin shine marigayi fure.	Basal, kore mai duhu, ƙaramin gari. Manyan, mai sauƙaƙa, terry.	Alaska	10 cm Daga farkon Yuli zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
			Uwargida.	Tare da ban mamaki na tsakiya, fadi da furanni. Daga watanni 2 na bazara har sai sanyi na farko.
			Karamin gimbiya	Mai sauki. Daga karshen watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba.
			Daishira Crazy	Yayi kama da fure. Yuli-ƙarshen Satumba.
			Wutar Lantarki.	Mai sauƙi, amber mai taushi. Daga shekarun 20 shekarun bazara zuwa tsakiyar kaka.
			Mayfield.	Shuka cikin layuka 2, farin-dusar ƙanƙara, kyandir. Yuli-Satumba.
			Gimbiya Azurfa.	Mai sauki. Daga karshen watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba.
			Wirral Suprim.	Rabin Terry. Daga farkon Yuli zuwa sanyi.
			Snow White	M, tattara a cikin kwanduna. Daga tsakiyar bazara har zuwa karshen kakar wasa.
Manyan kwalliya	Tare da mai tushe mai ƙarfi, har zuwa 1 m.	A tushe ana haɗuwa cikin soket. Dogo, har zuwa 30 cm. Terry, daga launin kore mai launin shuɗi zuwa ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.	Fiona Goghill.	Petals beige mai haske ne. Babban abin alfahari ne, canza launin Canary. Yuni-Yuli.
			Girman ruwa.	Manyan, mai sauƙi, dusar ƙanƙara-fari. Midsummer-Oktoba.
			Babban Mafarki.	An tattara cikin kwanduna. Yuni-Yuli.

A lokacin da shuka shuka Daisy a bude ƙasa

Idan kayi shuka daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa farkon Mayu, to, huɗar zata fara fita bayan rabin wata kawai. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, bushes ɗin zai yi ƙarfi, zai yi ƙasa mai zuwa. Idan kayi shuka a cikin vernus a ƙarshen kaka, to, ana iya lura da seedlings a cikin bazara, buds zai fara nunawa a lokacin rani.

Shuka mataki-mataki:

Sanya tsaba a cikin 2 cm substrate.
Tsakanin layuka 0.2-0.3 m.
Watse, tabbatar da cewa magudanar ruwa ba ta faruwa.
Bayan fitowar shuka, a hankali suka tsallake har 9 cm cm ya kasance tsakanin tsararran.
Idan tausayi ne a fitar da tsageran bushes, ana dasa su. Ko da ƙananan harbe suna yin tushe sosai a cikin gaurayawar ƙasa.
An shuka tsire-tsire masu girma akan 0.4-0.5 m.

Tare da kulawa da ta dace, leucanthemum yana girma da sauri.

Yadda ake shuka seedlings na nivyanik a gida, lokacin shuka

Idan ba ku dasa navyavnik nan da nan a kan filin lambun ba, kuma ku fara girma seedlings, bayyanar buds za a iya lura da su a farkon shekarar. Noma yana farawa ne a ƙarshen hunturu da farkon bazara:

Kwantena suna cika da haske, ƙasa mai gina jiki. Tsaba suna da zurfin santimita, suna shayarwa, an rufe su da polyethylene ko gilashi don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse.
'Ya'yan Seedlings suna a +22 ° C, suna basu haske mai yaduwa. Ana cire tsari yau da kullun don samun iska da ruwa.
Bayan makonni 2-3, lokacin da harbe suka bayyana, ana cire gilashin ko polyethylene. An bar walƙiya iri ɗaya. An saukar da zazzabi zuwa + 17 ... +20 ° C.
Bayan bayyanar ganye na 3 na gaske, ana shuka tsiran tsiron a cikin tukwane dabam tare da cakuda yashi, peat, humus deciduous daidai gwargwado.
Shayar, a cikin haske mai haske.
Tun daga Mayu, ciyawar da ta girma ta taurare: suna ɗaukar su waje na awanni 2-3 A farko, an sanya tukwane a cikin wurin da aka rufe, suna karewa daga iska mai ƙarfi da kuma zayyana. Lokacin da harbe suka saba, ana barinsu a rana. Sakamakon hardening, nyvnik ba shi da wuya ya kamu da rashin lafiya.

Dasawa zuwa cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen bazara, idan da dare ƙasa ba ta daskare.

Yadda za a shuka nyvyanik

Bayan 'yan shekaru, da shuka Forms m thickets. A watan Mayu ko Satumba, wajibi ne don raba daji da shuka shi:

A tono a hankali don kada a lalata ƙamshin dunƙule.
Raba kashi daidai.
Shuka a cikin ramuka daidai da girman rhizome.

Farfagandar ta yanke

Ana iya aiwatar da wannan hanyar daga farkon watan Yuni zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta:

Yanke yankin basal tare da karamin guntun rhizome. Bar ɓangaren an iska mara amfani.
Ragewa a wurin dindindin.
Ruwa mai yalwa.

Kula da lambun waje

Shekarun 2-3 na farko, bushes ɗin zai zama ƙanana.

Lokacin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai gamsarwa da kulawa da ta dace, nyvyanik ya girma cikin hanzari: a cikin aan watanni kaɗan zai kai 80 cm a kewayen, 1 m a tsayi.

Zabi wurin sauka

Buƙatar dasa a wuri mai cike da hasken wuta. Shaaramin shasha ta yarda. Tare da rashin haske, harbe zai yi ƙarfi sosai, nyvyanik zai rasa bayyanar ado.

Kasar

Lightauki haske, sako-sako, ƙasa mai daɗi. A daji ke tsiro da kyau a kan chernozem, loam na tsaka tsaki ko rauni acidity. A babban matakin pH, leucanthemum zai mutu; a kan yumbu da yashi yashi, tsirar fure zata yi jinkirin.

Yadda ake ruwa

Moisturize a kai a kai lokacin da topsoil ta bushe. A wannan yanayin, dole ne ka tabbatar cewa babu kwararar shara. A lokacin tsananin fari, ƙara 10 l na ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe. Don kiyaye danshi, ciyawa daji tare da sawdust, kwakwalwan kwamfuta, spruce spruce rassan.

Manyan miya

Ciyar da kowane sati 2. Sauyawar cakuda ma'adinai tare da kwayoyin za su kasance da amfani. Idan kun tsallake da takin, babu wani mummunan abu da zai faru, leucanthemum yana girma da kyau a kan lambun substrate.

Yadda ake tsawan furanni

Samuwar tsaba yakan dauke karfin shuka. Idan babu buƙatar tattara ƙwayar inflorescence, yana da kyau a yanke shi nan da nan bayan bushewa. Hakanan yana inganta sake-fure.

Shirye-shiryen hunturu

Bayan petals sun fadi, kuna buƙatar shirya nyvyanik don hutawa. Yanke mai tushe, barin 0.1 m tare da ganye na basal.

Kyakkyawan fasalin shuka shine hardiness na hunturu, amma a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi -20 ° C kana buƙatar rufe daji tare da allura, ganye mai ganye, ciyawa tare da peat. Cire tsari a farkon bazara.

Cutar da kwaro

Idan an yi kuskure a cikin kulawa, nyvyanik na iya yin rashin lafiya. Hauka na gama-gari, alamominsu, hanyoyin warkewa da hanyoyin kariya:

Cututtuka	Bayyanar Leaf	Yin rigakafi da Magani
Mosaic kamuwa da cuta ko bidiyo mai zagaya hoto.	Rawaya rawaya da ratsi. Jikiri. Abubuwan haɓaka suna cikin siffar wani ganye.	Cire daji da abin ya shafa daga masu lafiya. Ka lalatar da ganyayyaki. Ya lalata kwari kwari.
Cututtukan ƙwayar cuta mai laushi (kamuwa da cuta na faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙasa ko tsire-tsire masu cutar).	Yellowing da lalata. Lag a cikin ci gaba. Bushewa yana ƙare.	Ba shi yiwuwa a warke, a lalata daji. Zuba kasar gona tare da bayani mai haske na ruwan hoda na potassium. Cire tarkace na shuka a kaka.
Ramulariosis	Abun ciki, launin shuɗi daban-daban na siffofi, sannu-sannu hade da haɗu da duk faɗin ƙasa. Bushewa waje. Snowy shafi.	Kafin farkon lokacin ciyawar, magance tare da shirye-shiryen jan ƙarfe (ruwa na Bordeaux, sulfate jan karfe). A cikin kaka, tattara zuriyar dabbobi da hallaka.
Septoria	Zagaye ko na kusurwa na jiki na sautin jiki, yana duhu akan lokaci. Bushewa, fatattaka, fadowa. A ci gaba da fungi a kan sauran baki.	Shafa tare da ruwa na Bordeaux daga Mayu zuwa Yuni, tazara tsakanin makonni 1.5-2. Kafin dormancy hunturu, cire tarkace na shuka da ƙonewa.
Tushen rot.	Launin ruwan kasa. Bushewa waje.	Kafin dasawa, sanya a cikin Trichodermin ko Alirin-B bayani.
Karin kwari
Masu hakar ganye na Chrysanthemum (larvae na kwari da kwari).	Haske. Hukunce-hukuncen. Shayarwa.	Ka rusa wuraren da abin ya shafa. Aiwatar da Damilin, Actellic.
Thrips.	Smallara, baƙi baƙi. Rawaya mai raɗaɗi ko rami, ratsi, raunin jiki. Gashi da bushewa. Yankunan azurfa.	Ka ware daji. Wanke a ruwan wanki da sabulun wanka da sabulu mai wanki. Bi da tare da Fitoverm, Vertimek, Confidor.
Pennies.	Kayan farin kumfa wanda yayi kama da yau. Rawaya aibobi. Tsarkarwa.	Kar a yi kauri wurin saukarwa. Share tsaftacewar tsiro. Fesa tare da jiko na wormwood ko taba. Yi amfani da wakilai masu guba: Kinmix, Aktara, Intavir.
Aphids.	Green da baƙi dige. Matsuka mai rufi Shayarwa.	Ka tattara kwari tare da injin tsabtace gida. Shafa daji tare da sabulu ko tafarnuwa bayani. Sanya peels na pears a gindi. Bi da tare da Actofit, Fufanon, Jaguar.

Kamarar camomile a cikin shimfidar wuri

Masu shayarwa sun samar da kayan girke-girke wadanda basu da launin fari-dusar launin furanni kawai, amma kuma lemun tsami mai haske, mai ruwan-kore, orange. Hada wadannan nau'ikan, zaka iya ƙirƙirar mafita na ƙira mai ban sha'awa.

Don tsaunukan tsaunukan tsaunuka da tsaunukan dutse, nau'in marassa nauyi ya dace sosai. Misali, Little Princess, Snow Lady. Ana iya haɗe su da daisies da marigolds. Kyakkyawan kyakkyawan da ke da kyawawan bushes na leucanthemum na iya buɗe kowane shafi.