Miscanthus yana da nau'in jinsin herbaceous perennials kuma yana da dangantaka kusa da gwangwani, amma tare da ƙananan abun ciki na sucrose a cikin mai tushe. Wani suna don miscanthus - fan ko ciyawa pampas. Gidan yana shafuwa a yankuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi na Asia, Afirka da Ostiraliya.
A yanayi, akwai nau'in nau'i 40 na wannan shuka, wanda ke jawo hankalin su, da farko, tare da abubuwan da suke da shi. Liguna masu tsayi da tsayi masu yawa suna tattarawa a cikin ƙananan hanyoyi waɗanda suke ƙawata tsayi, tsayi, wanda ya fi tsayi daga watan Agusta har zuwa farkon kaka. A cikin al'adun, wannan tsire-tsire yana daya daga cikin ciyawa mai kyau.
Miscanthus a cikin zane-zanen yanayi yana yadu a yi amfani da tafkuna da kuma lawns, kazalika da ƙirƙirar kayan ado na bushe. Wannan shuki marar amfani da katako ne mai kyau na yanayi, yayin da yake girma ba tare da magungunan kashe qwari ba.
Babban nau'in miscanthus
Miscanthus (latsa Miscanthus) - Gwargwadon tsirrai na iyalin Meatlikovye, tsayinsa yana daga 80 zuwa 3 m. Yana da rhizomes mai rudani mai zurfi wanda ke fadada zuwa zurfin mita 6. Tsirrai suna da tsayayye, tare da launin fata, daga 5 mm zuwa 1.8 cm fadi da fan-shaped panicles daga 10 har zuwa 30 cm tsawo, kunshi 'yan tsiro. Gaba, muna la'akari da mahimmanci da yawancin miscanthus da bayanin su.
Miscanthus giant
Miscanthus giganteus - siffar yana da tsari mai tsayi, ya kai tsawon mita 3. Bar zuwa har zuwa mita 2.5 in tashi a wurare daban-daban daga ɗigon maɓalli kuma ya ba da tasirin babban marmaro. Suna da launi masu launi don dukan miscanthus: duhu kore, tare da fararen launi a tsakiyar ganye. 
Ya yi fure a watan Agusta, amma a cikin yanayin wani ɗan gajeren lokaci ko sanyi yana iya ba shi girma. Flowering panicles farko na da pinkish tinge, to, ku zama azurfa. Ƙananan ganye sau da yawa juya launin ruwan kasa kuma ya mutu a ƙarshen lokacin rani, wanda dan kadan ya ɓoye kayan ado, don haka yana da kyau a sanya shuka ba a gaban filin.
Abinda aka yi amfani da shi a yanayin hunturu mai tsananin sanyi yana fi son rana, ko da yake yana jurewa ɗan inuwa. Ganye yana da kyau a cikin tafki, dace da amfani a matsayin "allon" shuka ko bayanan baya.
Miscanthus chinese
Miscanthus chinese samu a cikin daji a Sin, Japan, Koriya da Rasha. Wannan wani abu mai girma (har zuwa 3 m) tare da wani daji mai laushi da ɗan gajeren rhizome. Bar wuya da m, linear, 1.5 cm fadi. Miscanthus na kasar Sin yayi fure tare da tsalle-tsalle guda daya har zuwa 0.7 cm tsawo. Kwayoyin Miscanthus na kasar Sin sun hada da nau'in 100, mafi yawan su ne: Blondeau, Zebrinus, Ferner Austin, Morning Light da Strictus. 
Shin miscanthus Zebrinus Kyakkyawan samuwa saboda layin motley. Ganyayyaki suna da layin linzami, yawanci wuya, m, kimanin 10 mm fadi. A lokacin rani, ganye suna kore tare da fuka-fuka na fari; a cikin kaka, ganye suna rawaya zuwa burgundy. Ya yi fure a watan Oktoba tare da launin launi marar launi, an tattara abubuwa masu yawa a cikin kunnuwan har zuwa 1 cm. Wannan nau'i-nau'i yana da kyau a karrama shi a wurare daban-daban, yana da matukar damuwa ga fari da iska.
Miscanthus Tsarin yana son wuraren bude rana, ba ya yi haske a cikin inuwa kuma bai yarda da ruwa mara kyau ba. Wannan fararren ya kai mita 2.5 m, kuma kusan 2 m. Ganye suna da dogon (har zuwa m 2), kore tare da ratsan rawaya tare da tsawon launi. Tsoma cikin tsakiyar Satumba a cikin launi marar launi. Ganye yana da kyau a kulawa. Miscanthus Strictus ana amfani dashi a cikin ƙungiyoyi guda ɗaya da ƙungiya, da kuma a cikin ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin fure.
A yau, wadannan nau'o'in Sinanci guda biyu ne mafi shahararrun masu furanni da kuma masu kula da 'yan shekarun haihuwa. Saboda kyawawan launuka na burgundy-tagulla da jajirfan kwayoyin halitta, ana amfani da tsire-tsire don ƙirƙirar abubuwan kirkiro na asali. 
Shin kuna sani? A shekara ta 2001, aka ba da lambar yabo ta lambun lambu (AGM) ta kamfanin Royal Horticultural Society of Great Britain.
Sugarflower miscanthus
Sugarflower miscanthus yana tsiro ne daga ƙasa mai amintattu daga yankin Amur zuwa kuducin Primorsky Krai Rasha, da kuma arewa maso gabashin kasar Sin, Japan da Korea. Popular sunan na nau'in - Amur azurfa ciyawa. Tsarin ya kai mita 1.5 zuwa 3 m, yana da tushe mai mahimmanci, ganye mai laushi mai yaduwa, har zuwa 90 cm tsawo kuma 1.5 cm fadi.
Blooms Miscanthus sugarsvet daga Yuli farin, ruwan hoda da azurfa paniculate inflorescences 25-40 cm a tsawon. Irin wannan miscanthus yana da cikakkun thermophilic, yana fara girma a cikin marigayi bazara, to, dukan lokacin rani na rani yana girma sosai.
Kodayake tsire-tsire ba ta da sanyi, yanayin sanyi yana iya kasancewa a wurare inda mumcanthus ke tsiro a cikin yanayin, wato, a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma wurare masu zafi. A cikin yanayin yanayi da kuma tsakiyar yankin ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, yana da kyawawa don cike shafin don hunturu.
Mafi yawan nau'in miscanthus mai launin launin ruwan shine Robusta, mafi yawan mamba na jinsin, wanda aka samo a cikin daji a kan bankunan kogunan da kan itatuwan daji, inda ya sanya tsire-tsire. 
Mafi kyawun lokaci zuwa kasa
Miscanthus yana da tsire-tsire marar kyau, yana son rana da wurare masu dumi, sabili da haka, dasawa da kulawa ya kamata a yi tare da waɗannan bukatun. Miscanthus an dasa shi ne a lokacin bazara lokacin da kasar gona ta fi dacewa - karshen Maris - tsakiyar watan Mayu. Wuraren da aka fi son da kyau da kuma mai tsanani, an kare shi daga iska mai sanyi.
A wani wuri da aka busa ta hanyar zanewa, ganye na tsire-tsire sukan rabu da shi, saboda abin da ya rasa darajarta. Har ma fiye da dumi, miscanthus yana son ruwa da ruwa, don haka suna bukatar a dasa su a cikin jihohi, yankunan bakin teku.
Inda mafi kyau shuka a kan shafin
Kyakkyawar iri da ƙasa na miscanthus basu da mahimmanci, suna girma sosai a kan kasa mai yawa, sai dai yumbu mai nauyi, da yalwa da yashi. Tsarin yana dacewa da yanayin mummunan yanayi, ciki har da girma a ƙasa maras kyau. Sabili da haka, yawancin rashin cikewa a cikin ƙasa bai dace da amfanin gona ba (amfanin gona ba aikin gona ba), amma tare da kyakkyawan ikon riƙe dashi.
Tsarin dasa shuki miscanthus seedlings
Don girma miscanthus, yana da kyau a dauki matasan seedlings, tun da yake yana da tsawon girma kakar. Ganye yana fara girma ne kawai lokacin da yawan zazzabi na iska ya kasance +25 ° C ko fiye, saboda haka matasan ba za su sami lokacin da za su zauna kafin lokacin sanyi ba. Hakan yaro mai girma yana da ƙarfi, kuma tare da tsari mai kyau zai iya tsira har ma da hunturu sanyi ba tare da sakamako mai tsanani ba. 
Don samun kyakkyawan kayan da ke da karfi, kana buƙatar iyakance filin saukarwa na miscanthus a kewaye da kewaye tare da tasha na musamman zuwa zurfin zurfin zurfin 10-15 cm. A gefen tasha ya ɗaga sama da mita 5-7 a ƙasa, saboda tushen asalin miscanthus suna da karfi kuma zai iya tsallake ƙananan rage.
Ramin saukowa an shirya shi sau uku fiye da tushen tsarin na seedling. An saka wani layi na ƙasa mai kyau a ciki, sa'annan an saukar da sapling da kuma tamped tare da ƙasa. Idan ƙasar a kan shafin ba ta da kyau sosai, ana amfani da takin mai magani da ƙwayoyin cuta kafin dasa. Bayan dasa shuki, dole ne a shayar da shi da kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yana da mahimmanci a rufe dukkanin rhizomes na miscanthus tare da kasa kuma ba a buga su ba, in ba haka ba zai bushe tushen tsarin da kuma dakatar da ci gaba.
Gudanar da lambun cikin miscanthus
Don kula da miscanthus a cikin gonar, ba lallai ba ne a zama mai sana'a, amma ilmantarwa game da mahimmancin gonar zai taimakawa farkon lambu don kauce wa matsaloli tare da shuka.
Yadda za a gudanar da watering
Tsarin tsire-tsire na miscanthus, wanda ke buƙatar na yau da kullum da yawan watering, suna mafi muni a lokacin girma. Yana da mafi dacewa don yin wannan tare da tilasta, bisa ka'idar: ƙari mafi kyau. Ruwa da ruwa a yanayin rana, ƙoƙarin kaucewa samun ruwa a kan ganyayyaki.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a da shawarar yin ruwa da miscanthus tare da ruwa daga rijiya.
Abin da kuma lokacin da za a ciyar
A namo na miscanthus kuma bayar da na yau da kullum, amma matsakaici ciyar, domin wani ragi na takin mai magani, alal misali, nitrogen, yana kaiwa ga zamawa na shuka - ya rasa matsayinsa na tsaye.
Yana da shawara don shirya ƙasa kafin dasa - a watan Satumba don gabatar da taki taki. A cikin shekarar farko na dasa shuki shuka bai buƙatar ciyarwa ba.
Daga baya aka hadu sau uku a kowace kakar. A tsakiyar May, ruwa nitrogen da takin mai magani, alal misali, wani bayani na urea. Sa'an nan a farkon rabin rani, a watan Yuni - har zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuli, an zuba shafin tare da ruwan sha ko aka ciyar da takin, kuma kusa da ƙarshen lokacin rani, ana amfani da takin mai magani na potash-phosphorus.
Gizon daji
Kafin dasa shuki da miscanthus, ya kamata a cire weeds daga shafin. Yana da kyau a yi wannan a cikin fall, kafin shirya da tilling kasar gona don dasa. A cikin shekaru biyu na farko na miscanthus germination, mai kula da ciwon daji ba zai yiwu ba. A watan Afrilu-Mayu, lokacin da shuka ba ta wuce tsawo na 1 m ba, yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da kayan aiki tare da amfani da herbicides wanda ya hallaka weeds. Bayan haka, idan mummunan kuskure yana da karfi, ƙwayoyin ba za su sami damar shiga cikin tushen da karfi ba.
Yadda za a shirya miscanthus don hunturu sanyi
Miscanthus yana da kyau hunturu hardiness, amma yana tsoron tsanani frosts kuma hankali dace da yanayin zafi. Saboda haka, a cikin hunturu yana buƙatar samar da tsari. An gina hutun katako na katako a sama da injin kuma an rufe ta da tebur, yana barin dakin wurare a wurare.
Yin amfani da miscanthus a cikin kayan lambu
Miscanthus yana da bambanci da amfani da shi: ba kawai wani injin ornamental ba ne, amma har da man fetur ga shuke-shuke. A cikin kasashen Turai, miscanthus an san shi ne a matsayin maniyyi, ana iya girbe amfanin gona har tsawon shekaru 30 a yawancin har zuwa 30 ton na 1 ha. A lokacin konewar miscanthus, yawancin makamashi ya saki, kuma an rage adadin kuzari saboda rashin ƙarfi a cikin laima. 
Masu zane-zane na sararin samaniya suna yin ado da wasu tafkuna, suna dasa su a cikin rockeries, kusa da lawns. Duk miscanthus yana da ado mai tsawo - daga bazara zuwa farkon hunturu. Kwayoyin tsirrai suna da launi mai kyau: daga rawaya zuwa launin launin fata, tagulla da burgundy. Anyi amfani da furanni na miscanthus don haifar da shirye-shiryen bushe. Wannan itace kyakkyawan shuka don ƙirƙirar "allon mai rai" ko bango ga wasu furanni da tsire-tsire.
Yanayi na haifuwa daga miscanthus
Miscanthus ta samo asali ta rarraba daji, kazalika da hanyar iri. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, wajibi ne don rigakafin mutuwar harbe, tare da ragowar daji. Ana yin wannan a spring ko farkon lokacin rani, sosai a hankali, kamar yadda miscanthus ya sake dawowa idan akwai lalacewa. 
Tsarin iri yana da wuya kuma ya fi tsayi. Kwayoyin miscanthus basu buƙatar magani kafin shuka, amma irin wannan namo zai dauki lokaci mai tsawo, tun da shuka da aka samo daga tsaba ya zama mai kyau ne kawai bayan shekaru 3-4. An shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane da peat, kuma a cikin bazara, bayan ƙasa ya cika mai tsanani, ana dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
